郯庐断裂带南段韧性剪切带糜棱岩化过程中长石成分和结构状态变化 …

在对郯庐断裂带南段３条韧性剪切带中糜棱岩及围岩进行矿物组合,结构构造观察研究的基础上,对长石物进行了多项分析测试,发现长石成分及其结构状态参数的变化与构造应力场的构造作用存在明显的对应关系：随剪切变形作用的加强,长石矿物的结构状态参数呈增大趋势。     

高黎贡剪切带变形花岗质岩石中的长石细粒化和岩石流动特性

以高黎贡剪切带中发育的变形花岗质岩石为研究对象,主要通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、阴极发光仪(CL)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)对其显微构造、组构以及矿物成分进行了精细的测试分析,重点针对岩石中的长石细粒化和流体制约因素进行了深入讨论.研究结果表明:(1)高黎贡剪切带中的变形花岗质岩石随糜棱岩化程度的增强,呈现出两个明显的端元变形岩石类型,即Ⅰ型-条带状花岗质糜棱岩和Ⅱ型-条带状超糜棱岩.(2)在Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型岩石中,主要矿物组合均为钾长石、斜长石、石英、黑云母和(或)白云母.然而其中Ⅰ型岩中矿物的成分含量为:钾长石(残斑为主)斜长石石英±黑云母;Ⅱ型岩中矿物的成分含量为:细粒化的斜长石钾长石石英±黑云母.(3) EBSD组构结果显示无论是Ⅰ型-条带状花岗质糜棱岩,还是Ⅱ型-条带状超糜棱岩,条带状石英在Y轴方向形成最大c轴0001主极密的结晶学优选定向,表示以柱面a滑移系发育为主;而Ⅱ型-条带状超糜棱岩基质中的石英单颗粒在X轴方向形成最大c轴0001主极密的结晶学优选定向,指示了柱面c滑移系.(4)Ⅱ型-条带状超糜棱岩基质中分布的钾长石矿物变形是以(100)[010]滑移系的发育占主导地位的位错蠕变动态重结晶,斜长石矿物呈现较弱的EBSD组构,表现出颗粒边界为主的滑移超塑性流动特征.值得注意的是从Ⅰ型-条带状花岗质糜棱岩到Ⅱ型-条带状超糜棱岩中,变形长石残斑主要为钾长石.在角闪岩相剪切变形过程中钾长石呈现出明显细粒化以及矿物相、矿物成分和结构的转变,表现为钾长石矿物残斑被细粒化斜长石和石英颗粒取代并伴随着流体作用.钾长石残斑的强烈细粒化进一步形成高应变局部化的超糜棱岩和整个岩石的超塑性流动.     

郯庐断裂带南段与大别──胶南造山带构造复合（叠加）的显微构造证据

对那庐断裂带南段构造岩特别是中深层次韧性剪切带中的糜棱岩进行了研究自北向南于部庐断裂带主干断裂沿线选取6条有代表性的初一脆性剪切带进行地质测量,应用高分辨透射电子显微镜对构造岩中变形石英的位错结构进行观察,求得了韧性剪切作用下构造岩石所受的古差异应力和应变速率等一系列应变参数从显微构造角度提出了郊庐断裂带与大别一胶南造山带构造复合（叠加）的证据：构造岩石的一组应变参数是郊庐断裂带的产物,严格受其中的韧性剪切带控制,另一组系大别-胶南造山带与部庐断裂带复合的产物还讨论了都庐断裂带南段中深层次构造岩的变形一变质历史     

秦岭商丹糜棱岩带构造变形环境的显微构造标志

商丹糜棱岩带不同区段石英和长石的显微构造及石英组构特征表明,商丹糜棱岩带自西向东构造变形环境显示从低绿片岩相至中- 高绿片岩相至高绿片岩相—低角闪岩相的变化规律。低绿片岩相变形环境下,石英多为Ⅰ型条带,长石主要显示脆性破裂特征,石英c 轴组构呈单一环带型式。中- 高绿片岩相变形环境下,石英主要为Ⅱ型石英多晶条带,斜长石主要处于脆性碎裂流动状态,钾长石开始向韧性转化,石英c 轴组构呈绕y 轴分布的点极密型式。高绿片岩相—低角闪岩相变形环境下,石英普遍呈现光性均匀并有120°三连点的动态重结晶和Ⅳ型条带,斜长石开始显示脆- 韧性过渡状态的变形特点,钾长石显示明显的韧性变形特点,石英c 轴组构呈Ⅰ型交叉环带型式     

辽东半岛晚中生代伸展构造——华北克拉通破坏的地壳响应

位于华北克拉通东部的辽东半岛记录了大量的晚中生代的伸展构造,其中包括：（1）具有氧化条件下沉积的陆相碎屑岩和溢流喷出的火山岩作为充填物质的半地堑盆地;（2）低角度拆离断层;（3）同构造花岗岩;（4）变质核杂岩.上述伸展构造在区域尺度上均具有NW-SE向的伸展方向.拆离断层具有NW-SE向的矿物拉伸线理和上部指向NW的剪切变形;同构造花岗岩的矿物拉伸线理也为NW-SE向,但表现为上部指向NW或SE的剪切变形.同位素年代学的测量结果指示了变形的时间在130～120Ma.这些伸展活动导致了同构造花岗岩和核部杂岩的快速隆升和折返.根据岩浆岩发育特征和辽东半岛伸展构造、岩浆作用的时空关系判断,华北克拉通破坏可分为侏罗纪地壳弱伸展和白垩纪强地壳伸展两个阶段.     

角闪石高温脆-韧性转变变形的显微与亚微构造证据——以滇西点苍山深变质剪切糜棱岩为例

对点苍山地区高温变形角闪质岩石应用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜侧重开展了显微与亚微构造分析, 同时利用电子探针分析并结合应用角闪石地质压力计和角闪石-斜长石地质温度计, 揭示了中部地壳环境(约637℃和0.653 GPa)角闪石高温脆-韧性转变条件下的变形机制. 结果表明: (1) 中部地壳剪切变形形成的角闪质糜棱岩具有典型的糜棱结构, 由粗大的变形残斑和细小的基质颗粒所组成. 岩石中不同矿物具有截然不同的变形表现, 角闪石和长石表现出强烈的细粒化, 石英以重结晶生长为特点; (2) 角闪石具有典型的脆-韧性转变属性, 糜棱岩中具有不同结晶学方向的角闪石晶体颗粒呈现为"硬(Ⅰ型)"和"软(Ⅱ型)"残斑. "硬"残斑很少有明显的晶内变形, 或局部出现微破裂作用和位错缠结. "软"残斑遭受强烈变形, 初期也以位错缠结(核部为代表)为主, 但随后出现的双晶作用和位错的滑移与攀移(可能是由于水解弱化引起)使之转变形成细小的动态重结晶基质颗粒. 两种类型的残斑和基质的显微与亚微构造特点对于角闪石的脆-韧性转变表现给予了最好的论证; (3) 双晶成核重结晶机制是脆-韧性转变条件下角闪石动态重结晶的一种重要过程. 在双晶成核重结晶机制中, (100)[001]双晶滑移与位错蠕变(滑移与攀移)相互促进、共同作用.     

角闪石高温脆-韧性转变变形的显微与亚微构造证据

对点苍山地区高温变形角闪质岩石应用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜侧重开展了显微与亚微构造分析, 同时利用电子探针分析并结合应用角闪石地质压力计和角闪石-斜长石地质温度计, 揭示了中部地壳环境(约637℃和0.653 GPa)角闪石高温脆-韧性转变条件下的变形机制. 结果表明: (1) 中部地壳剪切变形形成的角闪质糜棱岩具有典型的糜棱结构, 由粗大的变形残斑和细小的基质颗粒所组成. 岩石中不同矿物具有截然不同的变形表现, 角闪石和长石表现出强烈的细粒化, 石英以重结晶生长为特点; (2) 角闪石具有典型的脆-韧性转变属性, 糜棱岩中具有不同结晶学方向的角闪石晶体颗粒呈现为“硬(Ⅰ型)”和“软(Ⅱ型)”残斑. “硬”残斑很少有明显的晶内变形, 或局部出现微破裂作用和位错缠结. “软”残斑遭受强烈变形, 初期也以位错缠结(核部为代表)为主, 但随后出现的双晶作用和位错的滑移与攀移(可能是由于水解弱化引起)使之转变形成细小的动态重结晶基质颗粒. 两种类型的残斑和基质的显微与亚微构造特点对于角闪石的脆-韧性转变表现给予了最好的论证; (3) 双晶成核重结晶机制是脆-韧性转变条件下角闪石动态重结晶的一种重要过程. 在双晶成核重结晶机制中, (100)[001]双晶滑移与位错蠕变(滑移与攀移)相互促进、共同作用.     

古震源实体初步研究

古震源区地震断裂成因的假玄武玻璃显微构造、基质成分及其与区域构造演化关系的研究表明.随地壳抬升和相应的温度降低,在大约10～15km的深度上,长石质岩石先于石英质岩石从韧性转变为脆性性状,是导致韧性剪切带中局部应变不稳定和地震发生的主要原因。对地震断层岩石的多样性和地震成因的二相变形理论模型进行了讨论     

沂沭断裂带中段基底韧性剪切带

在沂沭断裂带中段的泰山群结晶基底中,存在着一系列北东、北北东走向的左行韧性剪切带。对其中发育糜棱岩的韧性剪切带的结构构造、应变测量、变形岩石的显微构造、显微组构以及长石粒度和含量的变化规律进行了观测分析。讨论了韧性剪切带的变形条件和机制。及其递进发展的趋势。指出基底韧性剪切带是沂沭断裂带元古宙时期断裂活动时在地壳较深层次上形成的构造表象。在此基础上,讨论了地壳不同层次上的断裂变形及断裂岩石的综合分类问题     

西大别浒湾面理化含榴花岗岩变形特征与锆石SHRIMP定年

面理化含榴花岗岩是大别－苏鲁中生代碰撞造山带内大面积出露的一类特殊岩石类型,它一般与高压超高压变质岩共生．当前研究对该类岩石的成因、构造演化及与超高压变质岩关系等存在不同认识．选择西大别北缘浒湾高压变质单元中的面理化花岗岩岩体进行锆石SHRIMP定年与构造变形特征分析．测年结果表明,岩体的锆石SHRIMP年龄为（762±15）Ma（MSWD=1．7）,代表了岩体侵位结晶年龄,表明岩体形成于新元古代中晚期．野外观测与显微构造分析显示,浒湾岩体自侵位后经历多期构造变形．早期变形表现为残留面理（S1）构成的片内无根褶皱,主体变形表现为向北中等倾斜的透入性片麻理（S2）和韧性剪切变形,这是岩体在NNE向SSW的近南北向挤压作用下与围岩共同变形的结果,代表了浒湾高压单元在印支期向南逆冲的构造特征．晚三叠世后,岩体发育向南逆冲的脆性断层和向北正向滑动的断层,代表了浅层次伸展引张的构造体制．     

江西盛源盆地橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩长石矿物特征及成因信息

江西盛源盆地橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩中的长石矿物特征为：斜长石斑晶具有反环带结构和交代净边结构,基质中存在大量的斜长石微晶,且在电子探针下研究发现基质中斜长石微晶具有钾长石环边的矿物学特点,为此类火山岩归属于橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩提供了矿物学证据。通过对长石矿物组合特征进行研究,探讨该地区橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩的成因以及成岩时的物理化学条件等方面的信息。     

Hydrothermal alteration of plagioclase and growth of secondary feldspar in the Hengill Volcanic Centre, SW Iceland

Dissolution of igneous feldspar and the formation and occurrence of secondary feldspar in tholeiitic basalts from the Hengill volcanic centre, in SW Iceland was studied by microprobe analysis of cuttings from two ca. 2000 m deep geothermal wells. Well NG-7 in Nesjavellir represents a geothermal system in a rift zone where the intensity of young, insignificantly altered intrusions increases with depth. Well KhG-1 in Kolviðarhóll represents the margin of a rift zone where the intensity of intrusives is lower and the intensity of alteration higher. This marginal well represents altered basaltic crust in an early retrograde state. The secondary plagioclase in both wells is mainly oligoclase, occurring in association with K-feldspar and chlorite±actinolite. The texture of this assemblage depends on the lithology and intensity of alteration. In Nesjavellir (NG-7) the composition of secondary albite-oligoclase is correlated with the host-rock composition. This connection is not apparent in more intensely altered samples from Kolviðarhóll (KhG-1). The influence of temperature on composition of secondary Na-feldspar is unclear in both wells although Ca is expected to increase with temperature. Any temperature dependence may be suppressed by the influence of rock composition in Nesjavellir and by retrograde conditions at Kolviðarhóll. The absence of clear compositional gradients between igneous plagioclase and secondary feldspar and between Na-feldspar and K-feldspar suggests that secondary feldspars formed by dissolution precipitation reactions.     

DEFORMATION MECHANISM OF GRANITIC ROCKS IN BRITTLE-PLASTIC TRANSITION ZONE

Field studies and seismic data show that semi-brittle flow of fault rocks probably is the dominant deformation mechanism at the base of the seismogenic zone at the so-called frictional-plastic transition. As the bottom of seismogenic fault, the dynamic characteristics of the frictional-plastic transition zone and plastic zone are very important for the seismogenic fault during seismic cycles. Granite is the major composition of the crust in the brittle-plastic transition zone. Compared to calcite, quartz, plagioclase, pyroxene and olivine, the rheologic data of K-feldspar is scarce. Previous deformation studies of granite performed on a quartz-plagioclase aggregate revealed that the deformation strength of granite was similar with quartz. In the brittle-plastic transition zone, the deformation characteristics of granite are very complex, temperature of brittle-plastic transition of quartz is much lower than that of feldspar under both natural deformation condition and lab deformation condition. In the mylonite deformed under the middle crust deformation condition, quartz grains are elongated or fine-grained via dislocation creep, dynamic recrystallization and superplastic flow, plagioclase grains are fine-grained by bugling recrystallization, K-feldspar are fine-grained by micro-fractures. Recently, both field and experimental studies presented that the strength of K-feldspar is much higher than that of quartz and plagioclase. The same deformation mechanism of K-feldspar and plagioclase occurred under different temperature and pressure conditions, these conditions of K-feldspar are higher than plagioclase. The strength of granite is similar to feldspar while it contains a high content of K-feldspar. High shear strain experiment studies reveal that granite is deformed by local ductile shear zones in the brittle-plastic transition zone. In the ductile shear zone, K-feldspar is brittle fractured, plagioclase are bugling and sub-grain rotation re-crystallized, and quartz grains are plastic elongated. These local shear zones are altered to local slip-zones with strain increasing. Abundances of K-feldspar, plagioclase and mica are higher in the slip-zones than that in other portions of the samples (K-feldspar is the highest), and abundance of quartz is decreased. Amorphous material is easily formed by shear strain acting on brittle fine-grained K-feldspar and re-crystallized mica and plagioclase. Ductile shear zone is the major deformation mechanism of fault zones in the brittle-plastic transition zone. There is a model of a fault failed by bearing constant shear strain in the transition zone:local shear zones are formed along the fractured K-feldspar grains; plagioclase and quartz are fine-grained by recrystallization, K-feldspar is crushed into fine grains, these small grains and mica grains partially change to amorphous material, local slip-zones are generated by these small grains and the amorphous materials; then, the fault should be failed via two ways, 1)the local slip-zones contact to a throughout slip-zone in the center of the fault zone, the fault is failed along this slip-zone, and 2)the local slip-zones lead to bigger mineral grains that are in contact with each other, stress is concentrated between these big grains, the fault is failed by these big grains that are fractured. Thus, the real deformation character of the granite can't be revealed by studies performing on a quartz-plagioclase aggregate. This paper reports the different deformation characters between K-feldspar, plagioclase and quartz under the same pressure and temperature condition based on previous studies. Then, we discuss a mode of instability of a fault zone in the brittle-plastic transition zone. It is still unclear that how many contents of weak mineral phase(or strong mineral phase)will control the strength of a three-mineral-phase granite. Rheological character of K-feldspar is very important for study of the deformation characteristic of the granitic rocks.     

天池天文峰剖面全新世火山喷发物长石的结构特征及意义

利用扫描电镜和x射线衍射分析数据研究天池火山天文峰剖面全新世喷发物中的长石表面特征和结构状态,结果显示:天文峰剖面从顶部黑色浮岩向下到暗灰色浮岩中,长石表面比较新鲜,个别长石有极轻微风化,在长石颗粒表面凹处偶有沉积厚度不同的非晶质絮状物。长石为碱性长石中的高透长石-高钠长石系列,特征衍射峰的强度、面网d值与歪长石PDF数据基本相符,物相组成为(Or37～41,Ab63～59),表明天池火山喷发物中的长石属歪长石;长石有序度介于0.045～0.089之间;η参数介于-1.010～-1.361之间;最低结晶温度为800～990℃,且顶部黑色浮岩中长石的最低结晶温度高达990℃。研究认为,有天池火山喷发的年代越新,长石有序度越低,其结构状态所记录的温度越高的趋势。目前测得的天池火山长石结构是由高温结构随温度下降转变而来,因此天池火山长石最初形成的温度可能更高。天池火山全新世喷发物中长石结构状态特征的差异可能与火山喷发的年代、喷发温度有关。研究天池火山全新世喷发物中的长石结构状态特征具有一定的理论和实际应用价值     

Studies on the thermoluminescence depth profile produced by 600-MeV protons in artificial lunar soil

The thermoluminescence (TL) of various plagioclase feldspars embedded in a thick target of 150 kg of artificial lunar soil was measured after a 600-MeV proton irradiation. No correlation was observed between the parameters of the characteristic feldspar glow peak and the anorthite contents. The relative TL sensitivities of the individual plagioclase variants were measured and found to be practically the same for⁶⁰Co-γ- and 600-MeV proton-irradiated samples.The TL intensity distribution within the target arrangement, converted to a 2π isotropic p-influx, resulted in an approximate TL depth profile of a thermally undisturbed lunar soil bomarded by galactic cosmic protons. The undisturbed TL intensity at a depth of 28 g/cm² (? 17 cm) decreased to 39% at a depth of 106 g/cm² (? 60 cm). For the evaluation of the temperature gradients by TL in lunar samples the experimental data at the sites of Taurus-Littrow and of Hadley-Rille yielded minimum depth intervals for sampling of ～ 20 cm and ～ 40 cm respectively, presuming an error of ± 15% in the TL determination. Certain aspects are seen by using the relation TL intensity/²²Na-activity ratio versus depth (thus representing the total ionization profile) to establish²²Na depth profiles.     

Thermodynamic conditions of framework grain dissolution of clastic rocks and its application in Kela 2 gas field

Feldspar and clastic debris are the most important constituent framework grains of sedimentary clastic rocks and their chemical dissolution plays an essential role in the formation and evolution of the secondary pore in the reservoir rocks. On the basis of thermodynamic phase equilibrium, this study investigates the chemical equilibrium relationships between fluid and various plagioclase and K-feldspar in diagenesis of the sediments, particularly, the impact of temperature and fluid compositions (pH, activity of K+, Na+, Ca2+ and so on) on precipitation and dissolution equilibria of feldspars. Feldspar is extremely easily dissolved in the acid pore water with a low salinity when temperature decreases. The dissolution of anorthite end-member of plagioclase is related to the Ca content of the mineral and the fluid, higher Ca either in the mineral or in the fluid, easier dissolution of the feldspar. Moreover, the dissolution of albite end-member of plagioclase is related to Na of both the mineral and fluid,     

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PROCESS OF INTERGRANULAR PRESSURE SOLUTION OF PLAGIOCLASE GOUGE UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE: METHOD AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS

To understand the mechanism of lower-crust earthquake and slow slips, it is necessary to study the frictional properties of mafic rocks and their major rock-forming minerals. Previous studies have performed a series of experimental researches on gabbro, basalt and their major constituents. According to the results of previous experiments, frictional sliding of plagioclase under hydrothermal conditions(100~600℃)shows a property of velocity weakening, and the experimental results show that both the direct rate effect parameter(a)and the healing effect parameter(b)increase with temperature, a typical feature for thermally-activated processes. Velocity weakening means property of a shear band that has a stronger friction healing effect than the direct rate effect in the rate and state friction constitutive framework, and the healing effect(b value)in constitutive relation mainly reflects the increase in contact area with time under hydrothermal conditions, with some minor effect of structural changes. Since the microphysical mechanism of feldspar minerals at the contacts is mainly brittle cataclasis for temperatures below 600℃, the significant frictional healing effect in this case can only be explained by the mechanism of pressure solution. In order to determine if the dissolution process of plagioclase actually occurs on the laboratory time scale, we conducted hydrostatic experiments on plagioclase powder samples under hydrothermal conditions whereby frequent contact switch between particles seen in frictional sliding experiments can be avoided, making the observation on the dissolution sites possible. Experimental temperatures were 400℃ and 500℃, with confining pressure of 90~150MPa, pore pressure of 30MPa, with 2mm initial thickness of fault gouge. The mechanical data show that a creep process occurred in the plagioclase fault gouge in the experimental temperature and pressure range; and the microstructures of the experiment show that precipitation of new grains is prevalent as the product of pressure solution process between plagioclase particles. At the same time, it is observed that the contact points have an appearance similar to fused, fuzzy structure as signatures of dissolution. The results of our experiments provide a definite experimental evidence for the healing mechanism in friction of plagioclase and for the theoretical relation between unstable slip and the pressure solution process. The results of the experiments are summarized as follows: (1)Drainage rate of pore water in plagioclase gouge was high in the first few hours of experiment, but gradually decreases over time for both temperature and pressure series of experiments slowing down to a steady state. This feature indicates that there is a creep process that evolves inside the plagioclase gouge. In the temperature-series experiments, the drainage rate of the pore water in the plagioclase gouge at 400℃ is relatively low than the cases for higher temperatures. Thus, the applied temperature is positively correlated with the creep of plagioclase gouge. (2)Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observations of the experimentally deformed samples were performed on thin sections cut along the sample axis. Firstly, from the images of microstructure, it was found that the degree of particle fracture became more significant at a higher effective pressure, with smaller pore volume between particles. In the temperature-series experiments it was found that the degree of compaction of plagioclase gouge increased with increasing temperature. Precipitation of plagioclase grains in layered structures was generally observed in high-magnification images, indicating the presence of pressure solution processes. Contact points were also found to be in a state of ambiguity that seems to be a fused morphology, but the details of the structure remain to be determined by further observations. The above results indicate that the pressure solution process of plagioclase particles can occur on a typical laboratory time scale, and the results of this study provide robust experimental evidences for the theory that links between pressure solution and the mechanism of frictional healing and unstable slips for plagioclase.     

Differential weathering of feldspar and pyroxene in an arctic-alpine environment

The relative relief of adjacent plagioclase and pyroxene minerals was accurately measured on a recently-exhumed outcrop of gabbroic rocks in Leirdalen, southern Norway. Above the level of the former soil surface the feldspars protrude above the pyroxenes whereas below that level the pyroxenes are higher. Differential relief declines with increasing depth of burial down to 80 cm. On exposed surfaces the mean loss of pyroxene relative to feldspar is 103 cm³ m^?2 of rock surface. With burial down to 50 cm in an arctic-alpine Brown Soil the mean loss of feldspar relative to pyroxene is 179 cm³ m^?2. These figures represent minimum amounts of weathering over about 9000 years. The results confirm the importance of chemical weathering in arctic-alpine environments and the techniques may provide useful physical measures of degree of weathering for use in rate studies and relative-dating.     

Magmatic processes forming replacement textures with fluorite alignments in feldspars in an evolved trachyte from Oki-Dogo Island,Sea of Japan

Internal microtextures of ternary alkali feldspars in sanidine trachyte from Oki-Dogo Island were examined using an electron microprobe analyzer, a scanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope and cathodoluminescence instruments, to develop the understanding of volcanic processes of alkaline magmas related to feldspar crystallization. The examined trachyte is an evolved rock of the Oki-Dogo Pliocene trachyte group. Its phenocryst feldspars are commonly associated with lamellar-wavy-domain textures with scales approximately from 100 nm up to several hundreds of μm that show complex and gradual variations in composition: however, anti-rapakivi zoning textures common in other Oki-Dogo alkaline rocks are almost completely absent in the trachyte. These textures are produced by extensive magmatic ion-exchange replacement reactions progressively advanced in the evolved magma. Characteristic braided fluorite alignments are developed consistently with lamellar-wavy-domain textures in phenocryst feldspars, and similar braided alignments are also present in groundmass feldspars with complicated microtextures. Most of fluorite grains are <100 nm in diameter, and the patterns of braided fluorite alignments vary greatly in individual feldspars. The whole occurrence of the feldspar microtextures represents an extreme example of diffusion-controlled replacement reactions, progressively advanced in the dry (relatively anhydrous) trachyte magma. The genetic processes forming fluorite alignments in feldspars are related to magma compositions, especially F and P contents, and the crystallization of F-bearing minerals, especially of fluorapatite.