GPS-RTK技术简介及在公路测量中的应用

介绍RTK技术的基本原理、RTK系统的组成和工作条件、RTK测量的精度和误差来源、RTK技术在公路测量中控制测量和中线测量方面的应用,可以有效地提高作业效率和产品质量,最后介绍了RTK测量的质量控制方法及作业过程中的一些注意问题,RTK的技术优点、测量方面的局限性及今后发展方向。     

关于RTK在道路勘测设计中的应用探究

介绍了RTK技术的基本原理、作业流程及其在公路勘测中应用的主要特点;论述了RTK技术在公路勘测中的控制测量、大比例尺地形图绘制、道路中线放样、横断面测量等方面的应用;并结合实际工作中的作业方法与作业模式,总结出在提高测量精度方面应该注意的事项。     

GPS RTK技术在地籍测量中的应用

介绍了GPS测量技术中的载波相位实时动态测量(RTK)技术的基本原理、精度以及操作过程中的关键问题，探讨了RTK技术在地籍测绘中的应用，分析了地籍测量中的精度，得出了一些有益的结论。     

GPS-RTK技术在工程测量中的应用分析

介绍了RTK的组成、基本原理及应用中需注意的一些问题。结合具体案例,将RTK技术用于控制测量、工程施工放样测量和断面测量,并对测量数据进行了分析。其中对RTK双基准站观测法在图根控制测量方面进行了比较全面的分析,认为RTK测量成果精度可满足一级导线测量和五等水准测量的精度要求。     

浅谈RTK技术在地籍测量中的应用

RTK技术以其精度和自动化程度都比较高的优势,成为地籍测量中的重要技术手段之一。针对地籍测量的要求,从经济、精度、效率各方面探讨RTK技术在地籍测量中的应用问题,提出切实可行的技术方案。探讨了RTK技术用于地籍碎部测量的可行性,分析了各种误差的来源及对定位精度的影响,提出有效的减弱或消除措施。     

RTK像片控制测量及其精度检验

通过RTK技术在临淄区1:2000比例尺像片控制测量中的应用,介绍了RTK测量的作业组织模式、基准转换参数的求解方法及RTK测量成果的精度检验等情况.其结果表明,RTK测量不仅能够满足1:2000比例尺像片控制测量精度要求,而且可以大幅度提高作业效率,尤其在通视困难地区更具明显优势.     

GPS-RTK在数字测图应用中的一些认识

结合实时动态定位技术RTK在临港产业区数字测图中的应用,简述了RTK的基本原理、参数转换的求解方法及其精度评定;介绍了RTK技术在图根控制测量中的应用,并对RTK所测控制点高程数据与常规水准测量数据进行了比较分析;以及对它在地形测量中人员配置、工作效率、经济效益等方面的情况进行了阐述,并得出几点结论。     

RTK像片控制测量及其精度检验

通过RTK技术在临淄区1:2000比例尺像片控制测量中的应用,介绍RTK测量的作业组织模式、基准转换参数的求解方法及RTK测量成果的精度检验等情况.其结果表明,RTK测量不仅能够满足1:2000比例尺像片控制测量精度要求,而且可以大幅度提高作业效率,尤其在通视困难地区更具明显优势.     

RTK在航测像控点测量中的应用

重点介绍了RTK技术在航测像控点测量中的应用,同时对GPS RTK技术的原理,软、硬件配置以及操作流程等方面也进行了简要阐述。通过应用并分析得出,GPS RTK技术完全可以满足航测像控点测量的精度要求,并且与常规方法相比具有很大的优越性,具有广泛的应用前景。     

GPS RTK的发展及其在公路测量中的应用

GPS RTK测量目前已能达到厘米级精度,已成为快速采集数据与定位的有效工具。从测量模式、数据链结构、技术特点等方面叙述GPS RTK技术的发展,讨论其在公路建设中绘制大比例尺地形图,公路控制测量,公路中线测设,公路纵、横断面测量,施工测量,机械化施工自动控制及变形监测等领域的应用。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.