近20年烟台主城区土地利用变化特征与驱动分析

以TM影像为基本数据源,结合土地利用现状图和土地详查数据,分析了烟台主城区1992年以来土地利用空间扩张特征与机制,以能够更好地对城市进行科学规划控制,促进城市经济协调发展。通过对1992年及2013年TM遥感影像进行处理分析,结合烟台市的社会经济统计数据,得出结论：烟台市1992年到2013年城市空间扩张向西面及沿海方向发展;城市建筑用地面积增加较多,耕地和水域面积则呈减小趋势。影响城市土地利用空间扩张的驱动因子主要是经济发展、人口增长、产业结构、交通发展及国家政策等,其中经济发展和人口增长是促进烟台城市土地利用空间扩张的主要因素。     

遥感影像云团和云影检测与去除

以图像处理和分析理论为依据,建立了云团、云影图像模型和区域恢复模型,并采用阈值法对图像分割。用1988年TM遥感影像对2002年ETM遥感影像中云团及云影进行去除试验,再现云团和云影区地物特征,提高遥感影像数据的可用性。结果表明,使用阈值法并利用直方图形态分析选取阈值、检测云团和云影的计算方法简单且效果好;选取合适的两遥感影像灰度平均值之比,可以得到理想的恢复效果,再现云团和云影区地物特征,达到提高遥感影像的可用性。     

基于RS/GIS的东营市土地利用及景观格局变化研究

该研究利用遥感技术（RS）和地理信息技术（GIS）结合景观生态学理论和方法,以东营市1992年、2000年及2010年TM遥感影像为基础,分析了东营市近20年间的土地利用及景观格局变化。经对比分析发现,东营市土地利用年动态变化在2000—2010年间较为显著,景观水平的变化趋势表现为优势度、稳定性增加而多样性、均匀性遭到破坏。     

城镇扩张的多源遥感图像动态监测分析

遥感动态监测城镇扩展己成为一个重要的研究和应用领域。利用ASTER和TM多源多时相遥感影像和地形数据,以福建省漳州市区为示范区,对城镇建筑用地扩张进行了遥感监测。研究认为,对于ASTER影像,综合利用光谱知识、多时相植被指数、城镇建筑用地的地形分布等建立分类决策规则,可以有效提取城镇建筑用地信息(精度不低于90%);研究提出用较新时相影像获取的城镇建筑用地限定较早时相影像城镇建筑用地提取范围的思路,拓展了TM影像三指数法的应用范围,以此保证了较早时期TM影像城镇信息的有效提取。     

基于GIS的广州市土地利用遥感动态监测与变化分析

以1997、2003年广州市的Landsat TM影像为基本数据源,在遥感和地理信息系统处理软件的支持下,经过几何纠正、图像裁剪和图像增强处理后,采用最大似然比法结合人工目视解译对影像进行了识别分类,获得了广州市两个时相的土地利用分类数据,并进行了分类精度评价.然后建立了土地利用转移矩阵,并利用数值统计的方法,从不同角度分析了1997～2003年广州市土地利用变化的过程,包括土地利用变化的数量、速度、空间转移及其区域差异等.另外,经济发展、人口的增长、城市化建设等因素是广州市土地利用变化的主要驱动力.     

青海湖生态监测项目中TM影像几何精纠正方法探讨

目前青海湖水位下降、土地沙漠化和草地退化、生态环境恶化的现象引起世人关注,青海湖生态治理工作也正在进行中。为了配合我省对青海湖生态治理工程的开展,对项目区TM影像几何精纠正方法进行了探索,为下一步我省进行大范围遥感调查和监测提供一套可行的影像数据加工方案。     

多源遥感数据融合应用研究

多源遥感数据融合是遥感技术向纵深发展的必然趋势。本文对多源遥感数据融合算法的应用特点,从基于像元的融合、特征的融合以及决策级融合3个层次上进行了详细的分析,并以河北丰宁县为例,说明遥感数据融合方法在遥感信息提取中的具体应用:对所用数据进行预处理,然后对1999年Landsat TM数据进行主成分变换,前3 个主成分占总信息量的97.8%,主成分逆变换后的结果影像更清晰,层次更丰富。信息提取时选择TM全色和主成分变换后的多光谱数据融合后的影像,波段4、3、2和波段5、4、3的彩色合成方案,并对植被指数和穗帽变换后的绿度指数进行了分析,遥感影像与DEM以及与GIS空间数据的信息融合也可以提高遥感信息提取的精度。最后分析了多源遥感数据融合尚待解决的问题及努力方向。     

DMC数据在土地利用动态监测中的应用分析——以北京市大兴区为例

近年来北京市发展迅速,土地利用变化显著,大兴区尤为明显。本文利用大兴区的4期TM影像和1期DMC数据为数据源,采用全数字人机交互判读对影像进行了分析和判读,得到不同时期的大兴区的土地利用图,对大兴区近20年来的土地利用变化进行了监测。以TM影像的判读结果为基准,对DMC数据用于土地利用动态监测中的应用进行分析。     

提取蚀变信息时TM影像的最佳波段组合研究

多光谱数据的最佳波段选择直接影响图像的目视解译和信息提取。在分析TM影像各波段间的标准差、相关系数和最佳指数因子内在联系的基础上,提出采用最佳指数因子与蚀变信息光谱特征相结合的方法选择遥感影像的最佳波段组合。研究表明,最佳指数因子与蚀变信息光谱特征相结合是多光谱数据最佳波段选择的理想方法;TM4+TM5+TM7波段组合获取的合成图像构造清晰,岩性差异显著,最有利于蚀变信息的提取。     

自动散点控制回归技术在遥感数据辐射归一化中的应用

以厦门幅TM遥感影像为例, 在分析各种遥感数据相对辐射归一化方法存在的不足基础上, 介绍自动散点控制回归 (ASCR)新技术的具体算法。对运算结果做了分析比较, 并对其提出改进意见.     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied