三道湾子金矿床矿石特征及金的赋存状态研究

三道湾子金矿是与大兴安岭燕山期火山活动有关的浅成中-低温热液金矿,矿石类型主要为石英脉型.矿石的结构为自形-半自形-它形粒状结构、碎裂结构、交代结构、包含结构.矿石的构造为致密块状构造、稀疏浸染状构造、角砾状构造、细脉状构造.矿体浅部金矿物以自然金、银金矿为主,呈裂隙金、粒间金、包裹金分布,金矿物以细粒为主,载金矿物主要为石英;深部富矿段金、银主要以碲化物形式存在,赋存于石英颗粒间或裂隙中.反映了成矿流体的阶段性及层次性.     

胶东玲珑金矿田金的赋存状态及其对成矿过程的指示意义

胶东地区是我国最大的黄金基地,探明黄金资源储量超过5000t。胶东地区金矿床主要发育两种矿化样式,即浸染状细脉-网脉型矿化和石英-硫化物脉型矿化,金主要以可见金形式赋存于黄铁矿和石英中。玲珑金矿田位于招平断裂带北端,同时发育两种矿化样式的矿体,是研究金赋存状态的理想选区,理清金的赋存状态对于选择合适的选冶工艺以及揭示金的成矿作用和富集机制具有重要的研究意义。在详实的野外地质调查基础上,通过显微岩相学观察、电子探针分析与矿物自动定量分析,对胶东玲珑金矿田两种不同矿化样式的样品中可见金的赋存状态进行了对比研究,探讨了金成矿过程。玲珑金矿田两种矿化样式矿石中金矿物的赋存状态并无显著差异,金矿物主要为银金矿和自然金。嵌布状态为裂隙金、包体金、粒间金,以粒间金和包体金为主。金矿物粒度以微粒-细粒为主,石英脉中偶见中粒-粗粒金矿物。金矿物主要以独立矿物形式以及与黄铜矿、方铅矿等硫化物共生的形式赋存于黄铁矿中。石英-黄铁矿阶段金矿物成色高于石英-多金属硫化物阶段金矿物成色,主要是受到成矿温度的影响。浸染状细脉-网脉型样品金矿物比石英-硫化物脉型样品金矿物具有更高的金成色,是由于两种矿化样式沉淀机制差...     

福建太阳山破碎带蚀变岩型金矿形成的矿相学证据

系统的矿相学研究表明,太阳山金矿矿石矿物主要为黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、含银自然金、闪锌矿、黄铜矿;矿床围岩蚀变种类较多,主要有硅化、绢云母化、钾长石化、石墨化。矿石结构包括自形—半自形粒状结构、假象结构、压碎结构、包含结构、错断结构等,矿石构造包括浸染状、微脉浸染状、脉状、网脉状构造。金主要以包裹金、粒间金、裂隙金、赋存于石英、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿中。矿区内常见的是碎裂岩和糜棱岩化岩石,很少见到糜棱岩,不存在超糜棱岩、构不成糜棱岩系列。本矿床地质特征与典型的破碎带蚀变岩型金矿山东焦家金矿极为相似。因此,太阳山金矿属于典型的破碎带蚀变岩型金矿。     

黑龙江省北大沟金矿床矿石特征及金的赋存状态研究

黑河市北大沟金矿床是近年来在大兴安岭燕山期成矿带发现的与火山热液有关的浅成中-低温热液型金矿床,矿床的矿石类型主要为石英脉型。矿石的结构为半自形-它形粒状结构、交代结构、胶状结构。矿石的构造为致密块状构造、稀疏浸染状构造、细脉状构造。金矿物为自然金,以裂隙金为主,其次是粒间金,包裹金只占少数,金矿物以细粒为主,载金矿物主要为石英。金的赋存状态较简单,属易浸型矿石,有用组分含量较高,具有较高的工业利用价值。北大沟金矿与三道湾子金矿的矿石特征和金的赋存状态相似,显示北大沟金矿的深部及外围具有巨大找矿潜力。     

海南定安富文金矿床矿石特征

从不同标高、不同品位的矿石选矿试验研究入手，论述了富文金矿矿石的物质组成、矿物成分、结构构造、金的赋存状态等。研究表明，该金矿为中型特高硫化物含金石英脉型金矿床，矿体严格受断裂裂隙控制。矿石的有用组分多样，有害杂质少，金矿物主要为自然金。主要金属矿物为黄铁矿、毒砂，同时也是主要的载金矿物；非金属矿物为石英、碳酸盐矿物。矿石多具自形、半自形、他形粒状结构，以脉状、浸染状构造为主。自然金形态为尖角粒状、角粒状、长角粒状，赋存状态以裂隙金为主，其次为粒间金，包裹金占16．9％，自然金为细粒金。矿石类型为富金银多金属硫化物含金石英脉型。     

玲珑金矿大开头矿区金的赋存特征及其成因意义

金赋存状态的研究,不仅可为金矿选冶提供技术参数,还有成因和化探等方面的意义。通过玲珑金矿大开头矿区金及主要矿石矿物的电子探针分析,显示出金只以独立金矿物相形式;金矿物主要为银金矿和含银自然金;金矿物以裂隙金、粒问金和包体金存在于黄铁矿或石英等颗粒中,但主要是存在于黄铁矿的裂隙中和硫化物与石英之间的晶体间隙中。金矿形态有极细的脉状、角砾状、麦粒状、浑圆粒状和不规则粒状等;粒状金矿物粒度细小、多在10μm左右;细脉状金的脉宽多在1-5μm之间。以黄铁矿为主的硫化物化学成分中几乎不舍金,金仅呈独立金矿物相。根据金与硫化物和石英的相嵌关系,探讨了本区金成矿作用过程。     

海南王下牙老金矿床矿石特征

王下牙老金矿为贫硫化物方解石-石英脉型金矿床,矿体严格受断裂裂隙控制.矿石的有用组分单一,有害杂质少,金矿物主要为自然金.主要的金属矿物为毒砂、黄铁矿,同时也是主要的载金矿物;非金属矿物为石英、碳酸盐矿物.矿石多具自形、半自形、他形粒状结构,以脉状、浸染状构造为主.自然金形态为角粒状、长角粒状,赋存状态以粒间金为主,其次为包裹金,裂隙金仅占8.2%,自然金为显微金.矿石类型以含金方解石-石英复合脉为主,其次为含金构造角砾岩型和含金蚀变岩型.     

喜迎金矿床地质特征及成因类型探讨

喜迎金矿床是新疆东南天山发现的一种新类型金矿，矿床产于下石炭统甘草湖组碳酸盐岩地层中．容矿岩石为含陆屑砂屑白云岩，矿石中金矿物以自然金为主，多呈微细粒包裹金．主要载金矿物为黄铁矿，呈细脉浸染状分布．成矿期分为4个阶段：黄铁矿石英白云岩阶段(Ⅰ)、金．黄铁矿一石英一碳酸盐脉阶段(Ⅱ)、黄铜矿一黄铁矿一石英阶段(Ⅲ)、石英-碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ)，通过矿区成矿地质特征、矿石矿物特征及成矿物理、化学特征综合分析，初步认为喜迎金矿床为卡林型金矿床。     

陕西煎茶岭金矿金的赋存状态研究

煎茶岭金矿原生矿为微细浸染型金矿。矿石中主要金属矿物为黄铁矿,约占3%。黄铁矿多以浸染状、细脉浸染状分布于碳酸盐中,其粒度极为细小,多为几微米至几十微米;脉石矿物约占95%,以碳酸盐、石英为主。矿石中金品位为7.78×10-6,金矿物为含银自然金。金矿物的粒度分布于0.154～2.304μm,一般为0.384～0.768μm,可能还有更细的次显微金存在。黄铁矿是本矿床中金的最主要载体矿物,约有86.18%的金以包裹体形式赋存于黄铁矿中。     

黑龙江省砂宝斯金矿床矿石矿物与金矿物特征研究

为给砂宝斯金矿床的勘探和利用提供依据,本文总结了多年的野外观察资料,并通过镜下鉴定、人工重砂、电子探针等方法对该矿床的矿石矿物、金矿物特征进行了系统研究。结果表明,该矿床的矿石类型为贫硫化物微细粒浸染型金矿石,矿石矿物主要为黄铁矿,次为毒砂,含有较多的微量元素;脉石矿物主要为石英。矿石结构主要为半自形-自形、他形、交代、固溶体分离结构,浸染状或细脉浸染状构造。金矿物主要为自然金,其赋存状态以硫化物中包裹金和脉石粒间金为主,主要为微粒金及次显微金,呈微细分散状态。除Au元素外,矿床中其他元素均不具有综合利用价值,有害元素含量低。     

西准噶尔宝贝金矿地质与容矿火山岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄

位于西准噶尔的宝贝金矿主要由石英脉型矿石组成,主要含金矿物为银金矿,以裂隙金和包裹金的形式赋存在毒砂、黄铁矿和石英中。宝贝金矿的黄铁矿普遍含As（最高达3.88%,平均1.49%）。根据脉穿切和矿物共生组合可将宝贝金矿的成矿作用划分出四个成矿阶段：钠长石–石英阶段（I）、银金矿–黄铁矿–毒砂–石英阶段（II）、多金属硫化物浸染状矿化阶段（III）和碳酸盐化阶段（IV）,其中第II和III阶段为主要成矿期。利用锆石SHRIMP方法测定了赋矿围岩（酸性凝灰岩）的形成时代,其U–Pb谐和年龄为328.1±1.8 Ma（MSWD＝1.6, n＝13）。该年龄代表宝贝金矿赋矿围岩的形成时间,即西准噶尔地区大规模中酸性火山岩的喷发时间。     

铜陵包村金(铜)矿床中胶状黄铁矿矿物学及成因解析

黄铁矿是安徽铜陵包村金(铜)矿床中主要硫化物,对热液成因的显晶质黄铁矿已有大量研究,而胶状黄铁矿研究较少且成因存在争议.本文以粉晶X射线衍射、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)以及拉曼光谱(RS)为主要研究方法和手段,对包村金(铜)矿床中胶状黄铁矿的矿物组成和微结构进行研究.包村胶状黄铁矿主要由黄铁矿组成,含有白铁矿、菱铁矿、石英、含铁白云石、高岭石和有机质.黄铁矿主要以纳米-亚微米粒径的自形、半自形的立方体为主,少量微米级他形颗粒,显著不同于胶体或非晶态的无定型黄铁矿.由黄铁矿、白铁矿和有机质组成的胶状结构中,白铁矿和有机质富集在暗色环带,黄铁矿相对富集在浅色环带,浅色和暗色交替变化主要由三者含量变化所致,与矿物粒径无关.结合铜陵地区胶状黄铁矿研究成果,我们认为铜陵地区乃至长江中下游成矿带内铜-金-铁多金属硫化物矿床相关研究文献中记载的胶状黄铁矿为铁硫化物、碳酸盐矿物、黏土矿物、石英和有机质组成的矿物集合体,是在陆源物质输入受限的半封闭海盆环境下经生物化学作用直接沉淀的纳米-亚微米黄铁矿为主的矿物集合体.虽然胶状黄铁矿经历沉积成岩作用和中生代岩浆热液叠加改造作用,但是沉积微结构、矿物成因信息仍然被有效保存.     

胶东英格庄金矿床地质地球化学特征

英格庄金矿床是胶东牟平-乳山金矿成矿带重要的石英脉型金矿床之一,其产出和分布严格受NNE向断裂控制,围岩以古老变质岩和昆嵛山花岗岩为主,金矿物主要以晶隙金形式赋存于黄铁矿-脉石晶体之间。通过成矿流体包裹体地球化学研究可知:均一温度变化有3个峰值(155℃～165℃、205℃～215℃和245℃～265℃);该矿床包裹体盐度w(NaCl)较低(17.17(),在1.05(～17.17(之间变化,应属于低盐度流体;据其成矿压力21.3～58.8MPa,进一步求得的该矿床主要成矿深度为0.83～2.31km,为中浅成矿床;依据包裹体成分测试结果可知,矿床流体属K+-Na+-SO24-Cl-型。氢氧同位素显示其成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水和变质水,并有一定的大气降水混入。     

甘肃岷县寨上特大型金矿次显微金的赋存状态研究

寨上金矿是一微细浸染型超大型金矿床。通过光学显微镜、人工重砂、电子探针、扫描电镜等显微测试手段对寨上矿区主要载金矿物进行分析测试得出：黄铁矿、白钨矿是最主要的载金矿物之一,石英、褐铁矿、辉铜矿是次要的载金矿物．方解石、菱铁矿、重晶石等不含金。由于受检测手段所限,在含金黄铁矿、白钨矿、石英等矿物中未发现独立金颗粒,所以寨上金矿次显微金呈微包裹体形式存在于载金矿物中或呈类质同象替代的原子形式存在。通过研究主要载金矿物黄铁矿中Au、As的关系得出：Au与As呈正相关关系;从具有增生环带结构黄铁矿的内核向增生体S、Fe呈对数下降趋势,Au、As呈对数上升趋势。对比沉积期、热液期形成的黄铁矿主量、微量元素得出S、Fe变化不大,微量As呈线性递增,而Au呈线性递减。     

陕西镇安丘岭卡林型金矿金的赋存状态和富集机理

丘岭金矿床是西秦岭地区重要的卡林型金矿之一, 金矿化赋存于上泥盆统南阳山组和下石炭统袁家沟组地层中, 容矿岩石的岩性为钙质粉砂岩、粉砂质页岩和泥质灰岩.金矿石中主要金属矿物为黄铁矿和毒砂, 非金属矿物则以石英、方解石和绢云母为主.通过对矿石矿物黄铁矿和毒砂的扫描电镜-能谱分析、电子探针分析和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱分析, 对丘岭金矿床金的赋存形式和富集机理进行了较为详细的研究.结果表明, 丘岭金矿床中金主要以次显微不可见金的形式存在, 其次为显微可见金.次显微金包括: (1)固溶体金(Au+), 主要存在于环带状细粒黄铁矿的含砷增生边区域和毒砂中, 少量存在于环带状黄铁矿的核部不含砷区域; (2)纳米级自然金颗粒(Au0), 存在于粗晶黄铁矿中.环带状细粒黄铁矿核部的次显微金可能主要以胶体吸附的形式存在, 暗示容矿岩石在沉积成岩过程中有金的初步富集, 而环带状黄铁矿幔部和毒砂中的Au则主要来源于成矿流体, 以S和As的络合物形式搬运.显微可见金主要分布在细粒黄铁矿的晶体边缘和热液蚀变绢云母、石英及方解石中, 粒径通常小于3~5 μm, 其形成可能与成矿流体中金的局部过饱和及成矿流体对细粒黄铁矿和毒砂中次显微金的活化和再次富集有关.      

Ore-microscopic and geochemical characteristics of gold-bearing sulfide minerals,El Sid Gold mine,Eastern Desert,Egypt

Gold deposits at El Sid are confined to hydrothermal quartz veins which contain pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite and galena. These veins occur at the contact between granite and serpentinite and extend into the serpentinite through a thick zone of graphite schist. Gold occurs in the mineralized zone either as free gold in quartz gangue or dissolved in the sulfide minerals. Ore-microscopic study revealed that Au-bearing sulfides were deposited in two successive stages with early pyrite and arsenopyrite followed by sphalerite and galena. Gold was deposited during both stages, largely intergrown with sphalerite and filling microfractures in pyrite and arsenopyrite.Spectrochemical analyses of separated pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite and galena showed that these sulfides have similar average Au contents. Pyrite is relatively depleted in Ag and Te. This suggests that native gold was deposited in the early stage of mineralization. Arsenopyrite and galena show relatively high concentrations of Te. They are also respectively rich in Au and Ag. Tellurides are, thus, expected to be deposited together with arsenopyrite and galena.     

Microbial solubilization of gangue minerals and their influence on pyrite bio-oxidation

Pyrite bio-oxidation can improve the gold leaching extent of refractory gold ores, but it can also cause environmental pollution. In this work, common gangue minerals (feldspar, mica, and quartz) were studied to analyze their solubilization under industrial bio-oxidation condition and their effects on pyrite bio-oxidation. The results show that: They all have certain solubilization under bio-oxidation conditions, and the solubilization sequence is in the reduction order of feldspar, mica, quartz. They all inhibit the pyrite bio-oxidation process, and the order of inhibition is mica, quartz, and feldspar. Reasons for the inhibition include ion toxicity, pulp oppresses, passivation, and changes in microbial communities. The results of response surface analysis indicated that the interaction between feldspar and quartz was the most significant, followed by feldspar and mica, while the interaction between mica and quartz was not obvious. When the weight ratio of pyrite, feldspar, mica and quartz is 10:4:5:11, pyrite dissolves the least, while the weight ratio is 5:9:1:15, pyrite dissolves the most easily. The results provide a reference for related research and provide theoretical support and process optimization guidance for environmental protection and industrial bio-oxidation process.     

Remobilization of gold from a chalcopyrite-pyrite mineralization Hamash gold mine,Southeastern Desert,Egypt

Pyrite, chalcopyrite, and gold occur in quartz veins in granitic rocks and as scattered and disseminated impregnations in shear zones of the highly altered metavolcanics in the Hamash area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt. The minerals are associated in part with pyrrhotite, digenite, tetrahedrite, chalcocite, bornite, and covellite. Pyrite occurs in two forms: (1) idio- to hypidiomorphic coarse crystals with inclusions of preexisting sulfides, and (2) fine-crystalline aggregates. Chalcopyrite occurs in three forms: (1) idiomorphic coarse crystals, (2) fine-crystalline microinclusions, and (3) xenomorphic relicts. Three genetic phases of sulfide mineralization were identified. They are related to the successive cooling of the crystallizing solutions. Gold was hosted in the older sulfide minerals during a high-temperature disorder phase. Native gold was formed during the latest, decreasing-temperature phase through remobilization of auriferous pyrite. Microprobe analysis confirmed that gold and copper are relatively enriched in the late pyrite. Identified surface-alteration products include goethite, limonite, gold, carbonates, and sulfates of iron and copper.     

纳米金的迁移富集与黄铁矿富金关系

黄铁矿是金矿床中常见的矿物,也是重要的载金矿物之一,有的黄铁矿富金,有的黄铁矿不含金或含微量金。为什么黄铁矿对纳米金的吸附作用强？讨论了纳米微粒金与黄铁矿的关系后指出,半导体型黄铁矿有Ｎ型和Ｐ型两种。前者具负热电动势、带负电;后者具正电位带正电荷。当其与ＳｉＯ２水溶液迁移时,若与带正电荷的Ｐ型黄铁矿相遇,即被Ｐ型黄铁矿吸附沉淀成矿。带负电荷的黄铁矿不能吸附带负电荷的纳米金,因而不能成矿。     

Detrital pyrite in Witwatersrand gold reefs: X-ray diffraction evidence and implications for atmospheric evolution

Pyrite is easily oxidized, and therefore unambiguous evidence of detrital pyrite grains in metasediments is a significant constraint on when an oxygenated atmosphere developed. Compact rounded pyrite in the Witwatersrand gold reefs of South Africa has a detrital habit and is texturally equivalent to and spatially associated with detrital zircon and chromite. X-ray precession photography reveals that petrographically featureless As-poor grains are untwinned single crystals of high diffraction quality. This new evidence from crystallography is consistent with mechanically abraded pyrite from primary lode gold deposits, and excludes an origin by replacement of a pre-existing detrital phase. Further evidence of a detrital origin for the compact rounded pyrite is afforded by isolated grains of arsenian pyrite displaying truncated As-rich growth bands. The geographically extensive Witwatersrand fluvial conglomerates evidently had a matrix of quartz and pyrite sand and pyritic mud in their unconsolidated state and, thus, the late Archean atmosphere of Earth was likely essentially anoxic.