基于等高线构建TIN模型的平三角形修正算法

设计了一种平三角形修正算法来修正TIN模型中可能出现的平三角形区域。该算法通过对由平三角形组成的区域进行分类,并针对不同的平区域采用交换边、增加点甚至不处理的修正方法,同时对由于等高线数据错误产生的一些特殊情况进行了分析处理。实验结果表明,该算法能够去除约束型狄洛尼三角网中所有应修正的平三角形,并生成对地形描述更为精确的三角网。     

Delaunay三角网内插多边形算法研究

针对Delaunay三角网内插多边形的实用性,提出了一种Delaunay三角网快速内插多边形算法,该算法先将多边形的边作为约束数据入网,然后对多边形内部三角形进行清空处理.在影响区域及多边形内部三角形确定上,提出了一种快速解决方法,大大提高了算法的执行效率.     

Delaunay三角网内插多边形算法研究

针对Delaunay三角网内插多边形的实用性,提出了一种Delaunay三角网快速内插多边形算法,该算法先将多边形的边作为约束数据入网,然后对多边形内部三角形进行清空处理。在影响区域及多边形内部三角形确定上,提出了一种快速解决方法,大大提高了算法的执行效率。     

地形TIN模型的实时连续LOD算法设计与实现

为了实现基于不规则三角网(TIN)地形模型的动态细节简化模型,文中介绍了一种有效的方法,即在一种新的三角网数据结构基础上,通过重复执行模型中边的"折叠"(即顶点"合并")操作,预先计算模型中每个顶点"重要性"值,根据"重要性"对模型的三角形和顶点列表进行重新排序并将结果存储在数据结构中.在显示过程中,根据对地形的精度要求和事先存储的结果自适应地快速获取所要显示的顶点和三角形,实现TIN模型的实时动态构网显示.基于该算法,在两个不同细节的TIN模型进行过渡时可以进行快速线性插值,实现了不同细节模型间的连续过渡.     

基于Delaunay三角网的等高线骨架提取算法

根据等高线数据直接建立不规则三角形网络模型往往会在山顶、山底、山脊和山谷等特殊地区出现＂平三角形＂,导致模型失真。文中基于Delaunay三角网,通过对＂平三角形＂的处理,提取骨架线,并结合地形特征估计其高程值。实验证明该算法能够有效地提取各种地形骨架线,对于建立逼真的数字地面模型和进行数字地形分析具有重要应用价值。     

在AutoCAD环境下不规则三角网构建及等高线生成

对不规则三角网的生成进行了分析,在AutoCAD环境下使用三角形生成算法,将离散点构建成不规则三角网,并在此三角网的基础上生成相应的等高线.     

一种改进的地形三维建模方法

在利用逐点插入法建立Delaunay三角网的基础上,为快速搜索插入点所落入的三角形,引入了一种改进的空间栅格索引机制,并充分利用三角形的邻接关系进行三角形检索.提出了一种由三角形出发内插规则格网数字高程模型(DEM)的方法.试验表明,所提出的构建Delaunay三角网和内插格网DEM算法的效率较高.     

基于地性线的不规则三角网优化构建算法

提出了利用自动增加特征点消除平三角形的方法，并通过重构等高线验证了构网算法的实用性和有效性。实验表明，本文算法能很好地消除不合理的平三角形，优化三角网结构。     

面状要素主骨架线自动提取算法研究

基于对Delaunay三角网和对其算法的改进,实现了面状要素主骨架线自动提取。改进了Delaunay三角网生成算法,使其能适用于较为复杂的面状要素的三角网的建立;提出了面状要素三角网边界区域存在的大量的小三角形的定义和处理小三角形的有效算法;以三角形为最小单位作为树节点,有效地建立了基于三角网的二叉树结构。实验验证了对目标主骨架线提取的有效性。     

地图目标群间骨架线提取的算法研究

基于Delaunay三角网提取的骨架线是地图综合中广泛应用的一种空间剖分结构。改进了一种基于约束Delaunay三角网的地图目标群间骨架线提取算法,从程序设计的角度详细描述了算法的数据结构和控制流程。按照三角网中三角形包含约束边的数目,将三角形分为0、1、2、3四类,将0类、2类和单连通的1类三角形视为骨架线追踪的起点或终点,将双连通的1类作为中间通道,对整个三角网进行遍历。针对三角网中的环路、3类三角形等特殊情况,在改进的算法中提出了相应的处理方法。该算法成功地用于等高线的内插和街区地图目标群的邻近分析,验证了算法的可行性和健壮性。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。