四川新康风化淋滤型海泡石的热相变研究

以四川新康风化淋滤型海泡石为研究对象，利用X射线衍射分析和红外光谱分析技术，对海泡石的热相变过程及特征进行了研究。结果发现，四川新康风化淋滤型海泡石的相变过程与沉积型、热液型海泡石相变过程明显不同，其相变过程可以划分为两个阶段：800℃以下保持海泡石相；800℃以上海泡石相转化为斜顽辉石相。     

试论“江南古陆”两侧二叠纪煤变质作用与海泡石成矿作用的关系

本文主要研究“江南古陆”两侧二叠纪煤变质作用、海泡石成矿作用的特点和分布规律,煤变质作用与海泡石相转化的关系、以及古温度对海泡石矿物相转化的意义。作者认为二叠纪煤变质特征与海泡石相转化呈同步变化,在区域分布上低变质煤带分布着海泡石,高变质煤带分布着滑石。煤中壳质显微组分是海泡石存在的指示标志。第Ⅲ阶段肥煤的形成温度是海泡石矿物相转化的临界温度。 本文根据镜质组反射率资料,采用TTI法和卡韦尔图解分析古地温的方法,确定区内海泡石形成温度不超过120℃。     

海泡石相变的粉晶 X 射线衍射研究

摘 要　 利用粉晶 X 射线衍射分析方法‚研究了海泡石在热处理过程中的相变特征。研究发 现‚海泡石在受热后将向滑石转变‚并可分为4个阶段：室温～200℃‚为海泡石相;300～ 700℃‚为向滑石转化的过渡相;800～900℃‚为混合相;900～1000℃‚为顽火辉石相。     

海泡石持久脱除空气中微量甲醛的方法与机理

为克服海泡石吸附甲醛达到饱和后失去吸附功能的缺陷,利用静态吸附实验研究热处理温度对海泡石吸附微量甲醛的影响,并运用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、红外吸收光谱、热重和BET比表面检测等方法研究相关机理。结果表明,硅胶干燥剂的存在明显提高了海泡石对空气中微量甲醛的吸附能力,并能降低甲醛含量至法定安全上限以下,在≤400℃的温度热处理后海泡石仍能保持良好的甲醛吸附性能,但经≥500℃热处理后甲醛吸附性能显著降低。结合表征研究,认为海泡石相的结晶水对甲醛形成化学吸附,而其以沸石孔洞为主的结构微孔有利于物理吸附的甲醛占位,≥450℃的热处理使结晶水不可逆脱出,沸石孔坍塌,从而吸附性能显著降低。该研究表明海泡石的吸附性能可以在低于450℃的温度下热再生,脱出的甲醛也可以通过燃烧消除。间歇性热再生海泡石的吸附性能可持续脱除空气中的微量甲醛。     

用红外光谱法研究海泡石的热相变

本文用红外光谱法研究沉积型海泡石粘土岩中海泡石的热稳定性和热相变现象。经实验证实:沉积型海泡石的热稳定上限为375℃,因为在375℃时海泡石的结构开始向滑石型结构变化,一直到800℃为界,呈滑石型结构,从800℃至1200℃则呈顽火辉石结构,在1200℃时还有方英石出现。     

海泡石化学物相定量分析

海泡石矿物定量分析通常采用X射线衍射法、红外光谱法。但用化学物相分析进行海泡石矿物定量,至今未见国内外文献报导,本文探索了应用选择性溶解方法进行海泡石矿物化学物相定量分析的可能性。以江西乐平海泡石粘土矿床为对象,研究了粘土层中各种伴生矿物在选择性溶解时     

海泡石对有机染料的吸附行为研究

以热酸活化过的海泡石为吸附剂，研究其对亚甲基蓝、结晶紫和甲基绿3种染料的吸附动力学过程，并分析了浓度、温度等因素对海泡石吸附效果的影响。结果表明，温度的变化对吸附的影响较小，而染料溶液浓度的改变则会对吸附产生很大的影响，由此确定出较适合的反应条件。采用傅立叶红外光谱技术对吸附前后海泡石的结构进行了分析，发现亚甲基蓝由于分子体积较小可以进入海泡石内部通道，而大体积的结晶紫和甲基绿的吸附主要发生在海泡石外表面，且一价有机阳离子会在中性位置发生吸附，形成带电或中性复合物。     

海泡石改性及吸附Zn2+研究

金属离子型无机抗菌剂具有安全性好、抗菌广谱、时效长和耐热等许多优良性能,在许多领域有广泛的应用价值。金属离子型无机抗菌剂由金属抗菌离子和无机载体材料组成,其抗菌性能与载体材料对抗菌金属离子的吸附量有关。本文初步研究了对海泡石进行酸改性及用海泡石载抗菌锌离子(Zn2+)的两种工艺方式对海泡石结构及载Zn2+量的影响。通过原子吸收发射光谱、X射线衍射、扫描能谱电子显微镜及傅立叶变换红外光谱等技术的分析表明,用体积浓度为5%的HCL,在70℃温度下对海泡石进行酸处理,在提高海泡石纯度,分散海泡石纤维束、使海泡石结构中孔隙扩大,进而达到更多载入Zn2+目的等方面都是十分必要和有效的方法;采用干湿循环方式将Zn2+载于海泡石能提高海泡石的载Zn2+量,但干湿循环方式操作更复杂,能耗更大,应视具体情况酌情选择使用。     

我国北方农牧交错带的环境演变

中国北方农牧交错带在１０～８．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．经历了三次阶段性增暖后进入全新世暖期。８．５～８．０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．和４～３．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．暖期的开始与结束事件中降水变化落后于温度变化３００～５００ａ；暖期盛期时的年均温较现代高２～３℃，降水多１００ｍｍ左右；暖期中存在多次短期寒冷事件，年均温最冷时较现代低３℃以上。３．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来冷干趋势之上叠加着大致由３００ａ稳定与５００ａ波动构成的约８００ａ的周期性变化。全新世暖期原始农业文化的阶段性发展与暖期内环境波动相对应；暖期结束时发生了由农业向牧业文化转换的事件；暖期以后的冷干期为农牧交错文化时期，农业经济随冷干程度的变化而兴衰     

我国北方农牧交错带的环境演变

中国北方农牧交错带在１０－８．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．经历了三次阶段性增暖后进入全新世暖期。８．５－８．０ｋａＢ，Ｐ．和４．－３．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．暖期的开始与结束事件中降水变化落后于温度变化３００－５００ａ；暖期盛期时的年均温较现代高２－３℃，降水多１００ｍｍ左右；暖期中存在多次短期寒冷事件，年均温最冷时较现代低３℃以上。３．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．，以来冷干趋势之上叠加着大致由３００ａ稳定与５００ａ波动构成约８００ａ     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an