铜在坡缕石中的吸附位置和吸附机理研究

对四个吸附铜的坡缕石的解吸附实验研究表明，被解吸附的铜来自于坡缕石的表面和纤维状晶体的网状空隙。吸附铜的坡缕石的X射线光电子能谱（XPS）上出现了932．5eV和933．7eV的光电子峰，表明坡缕石表面的铜以Cu^＋和Cu^2＋的形式存在；傅立叶变换红外吸收光谱（FTIR）上八面体离子的吸收峰出现规律性偏移，其中Mg3OH和Al2□OH吸收峰向高频方向移动了3～5cm^-1，部分铜离子进入到坡缕石的晶体结构的通道中；电子顺磁共振谱上（ESR）出现了g=2．34、2．12、2．08和2．05等4个信号：表明铜离子位于H^＋难以到达的位置。吸附铜的坡缕石的矿物学研究及其解吸附实验的结果均表明铜在坡缕石中以3种形式存在：①以Cu^＋和Cu^2＋的形式吸附在坡缕石纤维的表面，与坡缕石表面的悬空氧成键；②以ECu（H2O）4]^2＋的形式存在于坡缕石的晶体结构的微空腔中（通道）；③以Cu^2＋的形式存在于坡缕石晶体结构中的硅氧四面体六元环的底部或八面体位。     

贫镁和富镁坡缕石的热变化规律研究

贫镁和富镁坡缕石受热时表现出不同的热变化规律。物相分析表明,将提纯样品加热到设定温度并保温2h后,贫镁坡缕石经历了失水和玻璃相阶段:300℃以下晶体结构基本没变,350℃开始发生"折叠作用",400℃以上晶体结构被完全破坏,生成玻璃相;富镁坡缕石经历了失水、玻璃相和新晶相(顽火辉石)阶段:300℃以下晶体结构基本没变,350~500℃发生"折叠作用",600~950℃生成玻璃相,950℃以上生成顽火辉石雏晶。富镁坡缕石保持热稳定性的温度低于600℃,贫镁坡缕石的低于400℃。     

富镁与贫镁坡缕石在热处理下的结构变化研究

研究了安徽明光富镁坡缕石和江苏盱眙贫镁坡缕石热处理后的结构变化,结果表明:富镁坡缕石八面体片对称性好,晶体结构稳定性高,结晶度高,热稳定性好;贫镁坡缕石八面体片中存在连续八面体空位,对称性差,晶体结构稳定性低,结晶度差,热稳定性差。在脱除结晶水和羟基过程中,富镁坡缕石由正交晶系转变为单斜晶系,层间距变小,孔道变形、塌陷但一直保持链层结构,显示晶质特性;而贫镁坡缕石的晶体结构发生折叠,链层结构逐步破坏,700℃煅烧后部分四面体片遭到破坏,虽然显示多晶特性为主,但开始出现非晶化现象。     

有机坡缕石黏土对活性染料的吸附性能

由阴、阳离子表面活性剂对坡缕石黏土改性,通过静态吸附实验研究了有机坡缕石黏土对活性红的吸附性能,探讨了吸附平衡和吸附机理。结果表明,表面活性剂改性可增强坡缕石黏土表面的疏水性,影响ζ电位,适当配比的阴阳离子表面活性剂改性坡缕石黏土对活性红有协同吸附作用,吸附等温线呈非线性,符合Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程,ΔH为-12.23 k J/mol,吸附不存在强化学作用,是分配作用和氢键力、偶极间力及范德华力等多种作用的结果。     

活化处理中坡缕石结构变化与性能关系的研究

以活化坡缕石作为吸附剂的应用已经十分广泛,活化方法一般有酸活化和焙烧活化,本文用X射线衍射和红外光谱分析,研究了纤维状坡缕石和土状坡缕石经HCl活化和焙烧活化后晶体结构的变化,结果表明,HCl活化对纤维状坡缕石结构没有影响,而土状坡缕石则不然,当HCl浓度为1.0mol/L时,呈人面体配位的阳离子部分坡H^-取代或溶出,导致晶胞参数减小,当HCl浓度为1.5mol/L时,出现人面体片坍塌,游离出SiO2,结构出现较大破坏,对进一步提高活性没有贡献,在350℃及以上温度焙烧活化会使坡缕石晶体结构产生明显破坏,分解氧化形成的Fe2O3使其脱色率明显下降。     

坡缕石精细鉴定的粉末X射线衍射法

自从1860年在俄罗斯的Palygorsk发现坡缕石以来,直至1940年方由Bradley(1940)首先给出了坡缕石的晶体结构模型,并推测其空间群可能为C32h-C2/m.     

江苏白土山坡缕石粘土矿性能及其应用研究

白土山坡缕石粘土矿床集中赋存于上第三系上新统桂五组。可划分出坡缕石粘土、白云石坡缕石粘土、混合粘土、蒙脱石粘土、海泡石粘土、方解石坡缕石粘土 6种自然类型。其中产于Ⅲ号矿层的坡缕粘土矿质量较好 ,具较高的应用价值。采用加入适量硅酸钠溶液的提纯流程 ,坡缕石矿石品位从30 .9%提高到 84.5 %。经研究坡缕石品位越高 ,导热系数越小 ;密度、含水量越大 ,导热系数越大。坡缕石在 6 5 0℃以下能保持晶体结构基本框架 ,仍具有较低导热系数。经多次试验 ,研制成功性能优良的Ⅲ号隔热保温涂料。     

安徽全椒坡缕石的研究

坡缕石(Palygorskite)是一种含水的铝镁硅酸盐矿物。其晶体结构至今尚有争论,一般认为它具有链状和层状硅酸盐的过渡型结构,即链层状结构。 坡缕石在我国曾有报道,但都缺乏完整的矿物学资料。我们对安徽全椒产出的坡缕石进行了野外观察和室内研究,获得较系统的矿物学资料。     

气体吸附法测定坡缕石的比表面积

坡缕石（Ｐ）是一种含水镁铝硅酸盐矿物,具有层链状的晶体结构。本文采用气体吸附法测定了安徽嘉山地区坡缕石的比表面积,结果证明,坡缕石具有较大的比表面积,其数值在１３０ｍ~２／ｇ左右,为凹凸棒粘土的开发应用研究提供了十分有用的参数。     

铝酸酯对电气石的表面改性及其表征

      本文以铝酸酯为改性剂对电气石的表面改性反应进行了探讨,结果表明,以苯为溶剂,铝酸酯的用量为电气石的 1.5%,70℃下搅拌0.5 h,可使改性电气石的活化指数达到97%;所得铝酸酯改性电气石表面具有较强的疏水特性,而没有影 响其晶体结构。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with     

PALEOZOOLOGY

正20141609 Chen Guiying(College of Earth Sciences,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China);Han Nairen New Materials of Stylophora from the Upper Cambrian of the Jingxi Area,Guangxi,South China(Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,ISSN0001-6616,CN32-1188Q,52(3),2013,p.288-293,2 illus.,12 refs.)Key words:Stylophora,Guangxi     

GEOPHYSICS

正20140634 Cao Lingmin(Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China);Xu Yi Finite Difference Tomography of the Crustal Velocity Structure in Tengchong,Yunnan Province(Chinese Journal of Geophysics,ISSN0001-5733,CN11-2074/P,56(4),2013,p.1159-1167,6illus.,35refs.,with English abstract)