大功率激电在承德槽子沟金矿勘查中的应用

应用大功率激电法对深部隐伏矿体的探测是一种行之有效的方法。通过激电中梯对承德槽子沟金矿区进行激电面积性测量,圈定出与金矿伴生的金属硫化物及氧化物引起的激电异常分布区带,利用激电测深查明地下极化异常体的展布,而后结合已知地质、物性资料布置验证钻孔,并取得了较好的勘查效果。本文总结出利用大功率激电方法勘查隐伏金矿的行之有效工作模式,该找矿模式可广泛应用于同类隐伏金矿的勘探之中,必将有力提高物探方法寻找隐伏金矿的勘探水平。     

水下激发极化测深异常特征研究

利用有限单元法对水下激发极化测深进行数值模拟以研究其异常特征和适用条件.水下的电阻率测深和激电测深均可对水底地质体进行近距离探测，提高探测分辨率.而水底地形对视电阻率测深的影响很大.水底极化体有限元正演模拟的结果表明，水底地形对激发极化测深结果没有影响.采用水下激发极化法进行地质体探测是可行、有效的.通过计算不同水体和水底岩石电阻率对视极化率幅值的影响发现，水体电阻率是影响水下极化率测深的主要因素.由于海水的电阻率过低，观测视极化率异常微弱而不适合开展水下激电工作.     

重力剖面和激电测深联合勘测在涡河断裂研究中的应用

为查明涡河断裂的位置、性质等参数,选择重力剖面和激电测深联合勘测方法,对指定区域进行物探勘测工作。结果表明:由密度差异引起的重力异常位置和岩石电阻率、极化率异常位置基本吻合,说明以重力剖面和激电测深为手段的联合勘测是查找断裂的有效方法。     

电阻率层析成像和激电测深对栾川铅锌矿的联合勘探

在栾川铅锌矿的物探工作中，采用了电阻率层析成像和激电测深两种方法，电阻率层析成像法采用温纳装置或偶极装置，电极数量和极距视情况而定，主要调查工作区内隐伏构造情况，激电测深采用对称四极测深法，最小AB／2距为3M，最大AB／2距为500M，主要研究激电测深参数的变化规律，对于含矿构造而言，激电参数呈异常高值反映，视极化率在15－40％，两种方法的联合应用，具有快速而准确的特点，在探矿工作中取得了良好的效果。     

剩余视极化率异常在寻找焦家式深部金矿床的应用研究

本文首次提出剩余视极化率异常的概念和求 取公式。利用已知焦家式深部金矿床上所 测得大、 小两种极距激电中梯视极化率ηα,而求得的剩余视 极化率ηαsy,经与已知深部矿床对比,发现其ηαsy异 常具有单纯反映矿体的能力,而与破碎带内的强蚀 变岩石所形成的极化率异常无关。     

综合地球物理方法在某金多金属矿区找矿中的应用

某金多金属矿区地表矿化痕迹较多,矿化体和围岩物性差异明显,为了准确查明区内矿体的空间分布以及控矿构造,在该区实施了对称四极装置的激电扫面和EH4连续电导率测深工作.激电测量获得了总体呈NE走向、与地表矿带对应的中高视电阻率(?s)及中高视极化率(?s)矿化异常带.异常带西窄东宽,矿化集中在测区327°向测线800～1350 m处;在与已知矿体对应的?s-2高极化率激电异常开展的EH4测深工作结果进一步确定了深部成矿潜力:含矿构造延深可达500 m,具有低阻异常特征,倾角近直立.激电扫面和EH4测深相结合的综合物探方法在该区达到了查明矿体分布规律、控矿构造的目的,是有效的多金属矿找矿方法之一.     

激发极化法在凤阳某多金属矿详查的应用

选择激发极化法对凤阳某多金属矿详查进行了激电中梯、激电测深物探工作,证明了激发极化法在该区能够有效地发现异常。通过激发极化法圈定的异常,经钻探工程验证,发现了浅部激电异常由含石墨地层引起,深部激电异常还有待于进一步研究和验证。为下一步找矿工作指明了方向。     

三维大地电磁激电效应特征研究

在积分方程法的大地电磁三维正演模拟中引入Cole-Cole模型研究激电效应特征,对均匀半空间中存在极化体时的三维大地电磁测深响应进行了理论计算,分析了极化参数的影响规律.结果表明:激电效应使观测视电阻率值变低;地下高阻极化体比低阻极化体的激电效应强,特别是极化率大的高阻极化体对大地电磁响应影响大,使观测结果出现假异常.     

类中梯装置三维大功率激电成像技术研究（英文）

类中梯装置三维激电成像技术兼顾了激电测深与激电剖面二者的特点,能快捷高效的获得测区三维电阻率及极化率信息,空间分辨率高,探测深度大。本文从类中梯装置的数据采集方式入手,阐述了采用类中梯装置进行三维激电成像的工作方式.建立了一个三维地电模型,采用类中梯装置进行三维正演模拟,并进行反演及成像。数值模拟结果表明,采用类中梯装置进行三维激电成像能较好地刻画实际地电模型的特点。以甘肃省某多金属矿为例,利用阵列式电磁法综合测量系统,进行了三维大功率激电成像技术的应用研究。实际应用结果表明,采用三维激电成像技术,可以多角度、多细节显示测区地下介质电阻率、极化率的分布情况,明确电性突变界面的延展状态,快速圈定成矿有利区。该研究对多金属矿产勘探等领域具有一定的指导性意义。     

时间域激电测深在坦桑尼亚金矿床勘查中的应用例析

铁建造(BIF)型金矿和构造蚀变岩型金矿是坦桑尼亚绿岩带中主要金矿床类型,应用时间域激电测深获得了这两种类型金矿床内、由探测目标体和目的物引起的良好异常,了解了它们在地下半空间内的电性分布特征;依据激电测深显示的"低阻高极化"断面异常对含矿标志层(条带状含铁建造)、含矿构造(蚀变带)和金矿(化)体进行空间定位,为钻探工程布置、进而发现隐伏-半隐伏金矿床提供了充分依据.以坦桑尼亚绿岩带内近几年发现的典型金矿床为实例,分析时间域激电测深在这两种类型金矿床中的应用效果,以期为成矿地质条件类似地区通过激电测深手段寻找金矿产提供借鉴.     

Shear wave splitting and polarization anomaly with deep seismic sounding data

In this paper we study the S wave basement velocity structure and S wave splitting and polarization anomalies using the three component records of deep seismic sounding in the Three Groges Dam area, and further discuss the methods to study the anisotropy of crustal medium, the direction of regional tectonic stress field, and the physical indicator of potential earthquake sources using shear wave splitting and polarization anomalies. It has been demonstrated by analyzing the DSS data in the Three Gorges Dam area that S wave splitting and polarization anomalies are reliable means for studying seismic anisotropy of crustal medium and the direction of regional tectonic stress field. At the same time, it has been shown that DSS data are very useful for widening S wave observing window and distinguishing anomalous body, because DSS data have the advantage that the source position is known prior and S wave ray path can be traced exactly. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 1–3, 1993.     

Deep massive sulphide exploration using 2D and 3D geoelectrical and induced polarization data in Skellefte mining district,northern Sweden

Geoelectrical and induced polarization data from measurements along three profiles and from one 3D survey are acquired and processed in the central Skellefte District, northern Sweden. The data were collected during two field campaigns in 2009 and 2010 in order to delineate the structures related to volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits and to model lithological contacts down to a maximum depth of 1.5 km. The 2009 data were inverted previously, and their joint interpretation with potential field data indicated several anomalous zones. The 2010 data not only provide additional information from greater depths compared with the 2009 data but also cover a larger surface area. Several high‐chargeability low‐resistivity zones, interpreted as possible massive sulphide mineralization and associated hydrothermal alteration, are revealed. The 3D survey data provide a detailed high‐resolution image of the top ～450 m of the upper crust around the Maurliden East, North, and Central deposits. Several anomalies are interpreted as new potential prospects in the Maurliden area, which are mainly concentrated in the central conductive zone. In addition, the contact relationship between the major geological units, e.g., the contact between the Skellefte Group and the Jörn Intrusive Complex, is better understood with the help of 2010 deep‐resistivity/chargeability data. The bottommost part of the Vargfors basin is imaged using the 2010 geoelectrical and induced polarization data down to ～1‐km depth.     

Combined straightforward inversion of resistivity and induced polarization (time-domain) sounding data

It is proposed that the Straightforward Inversion Scheme (SIS) developed by the authors for 1D inversion of resistivity sounding and magneto-telluric sounding data can also be used in similar fashion for time-domain induced polarization sounding data. The necessary formulations based on dynamic dipole theory are presented. It is shown that by using induced polarization potential, measured at the instant when steady state current is switched off, an equation can be developed for apparent ‘chargeability–resistivity’ which is similar to the one for apparent resistivity. The two data sets of apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability–resistivity can be inverted in a combined manner, using SIS for a common uniform thickness layer earth model to estimate the respective subsurface distributions of resistivity and chargeability–resistivity. The quotient of the two profiles will give the sought after chargeability profile. A brief outline of SIS is provided for completeness. Three theoretical models are included to confirm the efficacy of SIS software by inverting only the synthetic resistivity sounding data. Then one synthetic data set based on a geological model and three field data sets (combination of resistivity and IP soundings) from diverse geological and geographical regions are included as validation of the proposal. It is hoped that the proposed scheme would complement the resistivity interpretation with special reference to shaly sand formations.     

利用地电场线性极化特性提取地震前兆异常的方法研究

处理平凉台2008—2017年的地电场观测资料,首先对地电场线性极化和非极化异常进行分析,提出利用地电场线性极化特性提取地震前兆异常的方法。其次,采用相关数据处理和计算方法对周期性质、极化系数、极化方向、垂直极化方向上的投影等进行讨论,结果表明平凉台地电场线性极化正常背景特征为:极化方向变化范围N(66.7±6)°E,极化系数在0.7～1之间,垂直极化方向上的投影值波动范围(-0.53～2.61) mV/km。最后,统计分析平凉台周边中强地震与地电场非线性极化异常的关系,认为平凉台地电场对中强地震有较好的映震能力,地电场非极化异常可以作为判断地震前兆异常的一个重要指标,其异常表现为:从震前非极化到震后恢复极化的一个过程,持续时间一般在4～15天,多出现在震前5天到1个月不等。     

3D upper crustal density structure of the Deccan Syneclise,Central India

A constrained 3D density model of the upper crust along a part of the Deccan Syneclise is carried out based on the complete Bouguer anomaly data. Spectral analysis of the complete Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the study region suggests two major sources: short wavelength anomalies (<100 km) caused primarily due to the density inhomogeneities at shallow crustal level and long wavelength anomalies (>100 km) produced due to the sources deeper than the upper crust. A residual map of the short wavelength anomalies is prepared from the complete Bouguer anomaly using Butterworth high‐pass filter (100 km cut‐off wavelength). Utilizing the constraints from deep resistivity sounding, magnetotellurics and deep seismic sounding studies, 2.5D density models have been generated along 39 profiles of this region. The mismatch between the calculated response of the a priori 2.5D model with the residual (short wavelength) gravity anomalies is minimized by introducing high‐density intrusive bodies (≥2.81 g/cm³) in the basement. With these 2.5D density models, the initial geometry of our 3D density model, which includes alluvium, Deccan trap, Mesozoic sediment and high‐density intrusive bodies in the basement up to a depth of 7 km (upper crust), is generated. In the final 3D model, Deccan trap extends from 200 m to nearly 1700 m below the 90–150 m thick Quaternary sediment. Further down, the sub‐trappean Mesozoic sediment is present at a depth range of 600–3000 m followed by the basement. The derived 3D density model also indicates six intrusive bodies of density 2.83 g/cm³ in the basement at an average depth of about 4–7 km that best fits the residual gravity anomaly of the study area.     

Three-dimensional electrical exploration methods for the mapping of polymetallic targets in Gansu Province,China

We describe a three-dimensional electrical exploration system, and its use in carrying out a three-dimensional survey on a polymetallic deposit located in China's Gansu Province. A time-domain-induced polarization method, along with a controlled-source audiomagnetotelluric method, was used to survey the same station points for comparison. Then, a three-dimensional inversion based on the incomplete Gauss–Newton method (for time-domain-induced polarization) and a nonlinear conjugate gradient (for controlled-source audiomagnetotelluric) method were developed and applied in order to model the data sets. Four subsurface targets were mapped by the three-dimensional electrical exploration method. A strong correlation was found between the zones of the revealed ore-bearing anomalies and the geological setting. Using the results of the three-dimensional electrical exploration, we revealed the spatial distribution of the ore-bearing stratum, as well as the relationship between the ore bodies and the stratum. The results potentially provided evidence for future interpretations of deep geological structures, along with evaluations of mineral resources.     

Crustal structure in Dabieshan UHP metamorphic belt and its tectonic implication

IntroductionGeologistsfirstlyfoundcoesite-bearingecologitesattheendof1980'sandthenthemicrodiamond(Xu,elal,1992)inDabieshanarea.Theultra-highpressure(UHP)metamorphismandthegeodynamicprocessesofDabieorogenhaveattractedmanygeoscientists(Wang,etal,1989,O...     

青藏高原东部Love波偏振研究

利用布设在云南西部的50个流动观测台站记录的三分量数字面波资料，采用频率域奇异值分解法，分析了中短周期Love波在青藏高原东部传播中的偏振状况. 结果显示Love波的传播呈现明显的有规律的偏离大圆路径的异常，地壳-上地幔速度结构显著的横向不均匀性可能是造成这些偏振异常的主要原因. 同时利用以前研究中得到的剪切波速度模型计算了Love波到达台站的理论偏离情况，大多数理论计算与实际观测结果的偏离方向基本一致，但理论偏离角通常小于观测值. 这样的结果在一定程度上验证了所采用的青藏高原速度结构模型是基本正确的，同时也说明了模型对研究区域复杂的速度结构的反映还不够精细.