赛马—柏林川碱性火山-侵入杂岩体岩浆成因

呈岩席产出的赛马—柏林川碱性火山侵入 杂岩体由正长岩类及响岩霞石正长岩类组成。两类岩浆来源于统一的富集地幔源区。源区中镁铁云母、单斜 辉石等的熔融生成了贫镁铁富碱铝的碱性岩浆。地幔富集作用增强生成正长质岩浆,经一个时期的间隔,从更深位的更加富集的地幔产生了响岩霞石正长质岩浆。 岩浆中有上地壳组分的参予。     

赣杭带东段天姆尖盆地深源岩浆体系及铀成矿作用

通过赣杭带东段天姆尖盆地铀矿综合区调，特别是对该盆地火山－侵入杂岩的岩石化学成分，微量元素，稀土元素，同位素等地球化学参数的分析研究。认为天姆尖盆地的岩浆作用具深源性，火山岩浆活动具壳幔双重性。本文详细论述了该盆地火山－侵入杂岩的地球化学特征的岩浆成因，并应用深源成矿理论阐述了深源岩浆体系对该区铀成矿的贡献，为该区寻找富大铀矿提供依据。     

赣杭地区中生代两类不同成因火山－侵入杂岩的对比研究

通过岩相学、矿物学、岩石化学及微量元素、稀土元素和同位素地球化学等方面的研究和对比，首次提出并系统论证了赣杭地区中生代Ｉ型和Ｓ型两类不同成因火山－侵入杂岩的存在。Ｉ型火山侵入杂岩分布于江南元古宙岛弧之上，Ｓ型火山－侵入杂岩则分布于江南元古宙岛弧与华南加里东造山带间拼接带的华南加里东造山带一侧，Ｓ型火山－侵入杂岩中过Ａｌ副矿物的出现、岩石化学上Ａｌ过饱和以及较高的８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ初始比值（０．７１１０－０．７１３９）和低的εＮｄ（ｔ）值（－７．５－－９．４）等特征表明，它们是由富含沉积物的大陆地壳经部分熔融的产物。Ｉ型火山－侵入杂岩在上述诸方面均与Ｓ型火山－侵入杂岩呈鲜明对比，表明在它们的形成过程中有新生幔源物质的加入。此外，还对本区Ｓ型火山－侵入杂岩形成的构造－岩浆作用模式进行了讨论，提出它们的形成可能与江南元古宙岛弧在印支－燕山早期向南东方向朝华南加里东造山带之下俯冲有关的看法。     

北大巴山碱质基性—超基性潜火山杂岩的辉石矿物研究

北大巴山碱质基性-超基性潜火山杂岩中有7种岩石含有新鲜的单斜辉石,它们分属于透辉石、普通辉石及霓辉石。单斜辉石可划分为5种成因类型:(1)斑晶、微斑晶及微晶;(2)深源捕虏晶;(3)半同源捕虏晶;(4)异源捕虏晶;(5)地幔型捕虏晶,本文涉及前4类辉石。单斜辉石的研究表明:(1)7种含辉石的岩石为同源岩浆结晶分异作用的产物,源岩浆为碱性-过碱性幔源岩浆。(2)初始岩浆形成于77km以下深度,上升过程中岩浆曾在3个不同深度储积。(3)岩浆上升至近地表处,在冷凝固结前曾有多次潜火山隐爆活动发生。(4)霓辉石捕虏晶的出现代表区内存在另一种碱基性岩浆活动。(5)辉石成分指示碱质基性-超基性次火山杂岩形成于陆边板内裂陷带。     

山东五莲七宝山破火山口的研究

本文首次研究了七宝山破火山口,对破火山口特征作了全面论述,尤其是发现破火山口产有两套火山——侵入杂岩,粗安质火山侵入杂岩和英安流纹质火山侵入杂岩,前者为慢源岩浆经破火山口中心式喷发形成,后者为陆壳同熔岩浆在破火山口演化晚期经火山复活作用产生。     

五大连池、天池和腾冲火山岩Sr、Nd同位素地球化学特征与岩浆演化

在的年来对长白山天池火山、五大连池火山和腾冲火山三个火山区火山岩岩石学的主、微量元素研究的基础上，新做出18个火山岩Sr-Nd同位素数据，进一步讨论地幔源区特征与岩浆成因演化。五大连池富钾火山岩浆源区由原始地幔与EMI两个地幔端员混合而成，岩浆直接来自地幔，未受地壳物质明显混染和分离结晶作用影响；天池火山各阶段火山岩一致的似原始地幔特征，可能指示存在巨大的壳内岩浆房和持续的幔源岩浆的补给；腾冲火山岩的高钾钙碱性岩浆源区为由陆内壳－幔相互作用导致的原始地幔与EMⅡ两个地幔端员不同程度混合而成。     

赣南—粤北白垩纪火山岩的地球化学特征及其成因机制讨论

通过对赣南—粤北白垩纪火山岩地球化学特征研究,得出火山岩系形成于一种过渡性构造环境（介于强烈挤压与强烈伸展之间）。其中,基性火山岩形成于走滑相对伸展环境,岩浆源自较深部,具亏损地幔性质;酸性火山岩形成于走滑相对挤压环境,岩浆源自较浅部,以壳源组分为主。它们共同构成过渡性岩浆杂岩建造。     

漳州侵入杂岩体与尖尾山火山杂岩的时序及成因关系

本文从杂岩体和火山杂岩产出的地质构造环境、活动时序、岩石序列、演化规律、微量元素及锶同位素等方面讨论它们的成因联系。认为是在相同构造环境下,同期、同源岩浆在演化的不同阶段先后喷出和侵入的产物。     

福建平和—安溪中生代火山—侵入杂岩区银铅锌、锡、金成矿地质特征和找矿前景

平和—安溪地区火山—侵入杂岩广布,银铅锌、锡、金矿化普遍,矿点众多,尤其以银铅锌矿点居多。本文将银铅锌矿分为岩浆热液型、火山—次火山热液型、沉积—岩浆热液叠加改造型和火山喷发—沉积改造型等四种成因类型;锡矿分为岩浆热液型、火山—次火山热液型和沉积—岩浆热液改造型三种类型;金矿分为岩浆热液型和火山—次火山热液型两种类型。在总结各矿种的不同成因类型的地质特征和控矿条件的基础上,对本区找矿前景作了分析,认为银铅锌矿找矿前景最佳,是主攻矿种。同时也对其它矿种提出一些主攻地带和靶区。     

中国东南部晚中生代花岗质火山-侵入杂岩特征与成因

晚中生代期间,中国东南部岩浆活动十分强烈。 由内陆向沿海,花岗岩、火山岩的时代越来越新。花岗岩 与酸性、中酸性火山岩在成因上存在密切联系。在时间、空间和成岩物质来源一致的条件下 ,花岗岩可视为流纹岩、英安岩所构成的中心式火山机构的“根”,形成所谓的花岗质火山-侵入杂岩。中国东南部的花岗质火山-侵入杂岩可以区分为同熔型、陆壳重熔型和A 型三类,它们具有不同的构造环境、形成机制和物质来源。同熔型火山-侵入杂岩主要分布 于沿海,陆壳重熔型火山-侵入杂岩一般分布于内陆,而 A型花岗质火山-侵入杂岩主要受浙闽沿海长乐-南澳断裂带控制。 以桐庐和相山两个典型杂岩体为代表剖析了花岗质火山-侵入杂岩 体的时、空、源一致性,所揭示的规律对于认识整个中国东南部晚中生代花岗质火山-侵入 杂岩的成因具有普遍意义。     

云南腾冲全新世火山岩地球化学特征及其成因

通过对腾冲火山群的黑空山、打莺山和马鞍山火山岩主量元素、微量元素、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学的研究表明,腾冲全新世火山岩为高钾钙碱性系列,包括粗面玄武岩、玄武粗安岩、粗面安山岩和英安岩。该套火山岩富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb-Ta-Ti不相容元素,具有高的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值(0.705862～0.710614),低的¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd比值(0.511941～0.512526)和较高的放射性成因Pb同位素组成(²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=38.962～39.155;²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.620～15.659;²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=17.872～18.269)。主量、微量和同位素地球化学研究表明,腾冲全新世三座火山的岩浆源区为富集地幔,地幔富集与古洋壳俯冲有关。它们是由相同的地幔源区经历了不同的岩浆演化阶段的产物,打莺山岩浆演化程度最高,黑空山次之,马鞍山岩浆演化程度最弱。通过腾冲全新世火山岩与藏南碰撞后钾质火山岩的地球化学成分对比,Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学成分存在着明显的不同,暗示两者的源区存在差异。     

吉林省长白山地区新生代火山岩的特点及其成因

长白山地区新生代火山岩是一套玄武岩、粗面岩和钠闪碱流岩的双峰式火山岩组合。玄武岩类分别属于碱性玄武岩系列和拉斑玄武岩系列。奶头山期玄武岩是幔源原生岩浆直接喷发于地表的产物,其他各期玄武岩是幔源原生岩浆经历了一定程度分异作用的产物。粗面岩和钠闪碱流岩与玄武岩有成因联系,可能是玄武岩浆通过分离结晶作用而形成的。本区新生代火山岩是大陆裂谷构造环境下的产物,是在地幔增温和底辞上升过程中形成的。     

Strontium isotopic and chemical variations of the granitic rocks in the Tsukuba district,Japan

Initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, major and trace element compositions have been determined for the Paleogene granitic rocks in the Tsukuba district, Japan. Isotopic ages strongly suggest that the granitic rocks (seven units) were continuously emplaced and solidified during a short time interval. Initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios for seven granitic units vary from 0.7082 to 0.7132, while sedimentary and metasedimentary country rocks have ratios at the time of granitic magma emplacement ranging from 0.7149 to 0.7298. Continuous linear arrays for the granitic rocks in the diagrams of initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios versus some chemical parameters can be explained by either of following two processes. One is the assimilation — fractional crystallization (AFC) process between the parental magma (SiO₂ of 68% and initial ratio of 0.7078) and sedimentary country rocks, and the other is magma mixing process between above parental magma and sediment derived acidic magma (melt) (SiO₂ of 75%). The high initial ratios (0.7078–0.7098) for basic rocks such as gabbro or diorite in the Tsukuba district and the similar characteristics observed in the rocks of Ryoke belt (SW Japan) suggest that the parental magma had the same source region as the basic rocks, probably the lower crustal source.     

杭州河上地区新元古代火山岩与侵入岩的岩浆同源性

杭州河上地区是浙西北上元古界上墅组火山岩发育的典型地区,同时还发育新元古代辉绿岩和碱长花岗岩板状复合浅成侵入体。火山岩与侵入岩在空间上密切共生,形成时间相近,皆为晋宁晚期构造岩浆活动的产物。火山喷发并伴随的岩浆侵入经历了两个阶段,每个阶段的火山岩与侵入岩在岩石类型、岩石化学和地球化学方面具有相似性或一致性,稀土元素分布型式基本一致,说明每个阶段的火山岩与侵入岩来源于同一岩浆源,均是同源岩浆活动的产物。第一阶段上墅组基性火山岩与次坞辉绿岩体起源于亏损程度较低的地幔,或来源于亏损地幔的岩浆受到陆壳物质的混染;第二阶段上墅组酸性火山岩与道林山碱长花岗岩体可能起源于地壳中既含有基性地壳组分和又含有酸性地壳组分的源区的部分熔融。     

Trace element geochemistry of phlogopite-rich mafic mantle xenoliths: their classification and their relationship to phlogopite-bearing peridotites and kimberlites revisited

Kimberlite magmas from the Kimberley area of South Africa have sampled two main types of phlogopite-rich mafic xenoliths which represent deep mantle segregations from highly alkaline melts. The first group corresponds to the MARID rocks characterised by the mineral association mica (phlogopite)-amphibole (K-richterite)-rutile-ilmenite-clinopyroxene and the second group consists of the PIC rocks characterised by the mineral association mica (phlogopite)-ilmenite-clinopyroxene-minor rutile. The two groups are clearly distinguished from one another by their mineral paragenesis, by the major element composition of their phlogopite and ilmenite, by the trace element content of their clinopyroxene and by their clinopyroxene and whole rock Sr and Nd isotope ratios. The combined major and trace element variations are interpreted to indicate a genetic relationship between the PIC rocks and group I kimberlite magma, and between the MARID rocks and group II kimberlite magma. The two types of parental melts percolated through, and metasomatised, the upper mantle beneath the Kimberley area as indicated by the trace element characteristics of the clinopyroxenes of the studied phlogopite-bearing peridotites.     

微量元素比值研究岩浆源区成分的可靠性：玄武岩熔融实验研究

对玄武岩熔融实验的研究表明,部分熔融程度大于20％的岩浆中,其强不相容元素之间的比值可以很好地指示源区岩石的元素比值。因此研究拉斑玄武岩源区岩石中的微量元素特征可以采用元素比值的方法。     

Fractional crystallisation and the petrology of Dunedin volcano

Major and trace element data and mineral chemical data indicate that the range in rock types making up the Dunedin volcano has developed by crystal fractionation processes acting upon mantle derived basaltic magmas at various levels in the crust and upper mantle. A diversity among parental materials and the operation of the fractionation process at varying levels in the crust and mantle under varying conditions of pH₂O have resulted in a diverse series of overlapping fractionation trends. ‘End member’ series are: basalt-hawaiite-mugearite-benmoreite; basanite-nepheline hawaiitenepheline mugearite-nepheline benmoreite; moderately potassic variants on these series. The phonolitic rocks of the volcano are low pressure differentiates derived by fractional crystallization, involving feldspar, as end member products in all the series outlined above. Quartz normative trachytes of the volcano appear to be differentiates from a distinct saturated or oversaturated magma series of different strontium isotopic and trace element characteristics from the undersaturated magma series.     

High-K calc-alkaline plutonism in Zouzan, NE of Lut block, Eastern Iran: An evidence for arc related magmatism in Cenozoic

The Zouzan pluton is one of the intrusive bodies in the NE of Lut block enclosed by Cenozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks. It consists of two distinct mafic and felsic magmas which are genetically unrelated. All studied rocks are calc-alkaline in nature, with LILE/REE and HFSE/REE ratios compatible with arc related magmatism. Mafic phase has dioritic composition emplaced as small stocks in felsic rocks. Geochemical characteristics in dioritic rocks (relatively high contents of incompatible elements, low Na₂O and Mg#>44) suggest they were derived from partial melting of metabasalt sources in a subduction settings. Felsic phase composed of granodiorite to granite rocks with high-K calcalkaline metaluminous to slightly peraluminous signature. Major and trace element data exclude high pressure melting and metasedimentary parental in the formation of Zouzan felsic rocks. They have been formed by partial melting of mantle-derived mafic rocks. Field relation, petrographical evidences and chemical composition show that partial melting of a mantle wedge in conjunction with magma mixing and crystal fractionation would have led to generation of Zouzan pluton.     

北淮阳地区与斑岩型钼矿床相关岩浆岩的地质地球化学特征及成因

位于秦岭-大别造山带东段的北淮阳地区分布有众多的斑岩型钼矿床,其成矿与岩浆作用紧密相关。对该区与斑岩型钼矿床密切相关的岩浆岩进行了系统的岩石化学、微量元素和同位素地球化学研究,深入探讨了其成因。研究认为,成矿岩体规模较小,岩性为花岗(斑)岩类,受北东向与北西向区域性断裂的次级构造控制。岩石化学成分以高硅、高钾、富碱为特征,为高钾钙碱性钾玄岩系列、准铝过铝质岩石。岩石微量、稀土元素特征相似并显示壳源特征。岩石Sr Nd Pb Hf同位素地球化学特征显示这些花岗质岩浆与整个大别地区白垩纪花岗岩的成岩物质来源一致,源于新元古界北大别片麻岩和扬子克拉通北缘TTG型岩浆,并混入一些古元古代扬子克拉通古老地壳物质(如崆岭杂岩)。在白垩纪发生的下地壳拆沉、软流圈上涌及大规模地壳伸展等机制下,扬子克拉通北缘的地壳熔融并提供了主要的成岩物质,幔源岩浆的上涌可能提供了热源,其物质的加入是次要的。该区与斑岩型钼矿床相关岩浆岩与东秦岭地区类似,属深源浅成型花岗岩类。     

Quartz and feldspar zoning in the eastern Erzgebirge volcano-plutonic complex (Germany, Czech Republic): evidence of multiple magma mixing

Zoned quartz and feldspar phenocrysts of the Upper Carboniferous eastern Erzgebirge volcano-plutonic complex were studied by cathodoluminescence and minor and trace element profiling. The results verify the suitability of quartz and feldspar phenocrysts as recorders of differentiation trends, magma mixing and recharge events, and suggest that much heterogeneity in plutonic systems may be overlooked on a whole-rock scale. Multiple resorption surfaces and zones, element concentration steps in zoned quartz (Ti) and feldspar phenocrysts (anorthite content, Ba, Sr), and plagioclase-mantled K-feldspars etc. indicate mixing of silicic magma with a more mafic magma for several magmatic phases of the eastern Erzgebirge volcano-plutonic complex. Generally, feldspar appears to be sensitive to the physicochemical changes of the melt, whereas quartz phenocrysts are more stable and can survive a longer period of evolution and final effusion of silicic magmas. The regional distribution of mixing-compatible textures suggests that magma mingling and mixing was a major process in the evolution of these late-Variscan granites and associated volcanic rocks.

Quartz phenocrysts from 14 magmatic phases of the eastern Erzgebirge volcano-plutonic complex provide information on the relative timing of different mixing processes, storage and recharge, allowing a model for the distribution of magma reservoirs in space and time. At least two levels of magma storage are envisioned: deep reservoirs between 24 and 17 km (the crystallisation level of quartz phenocrysts) and subvolcanic reservoirs between 13 and 6 km. Deflation of the shallow reservoirs during the extrusion of the Teplice rhyolites triggered the formation of the Altenberg-Teplice caldera above the eastern Erzgebirge volcano-plutonic complex. The deep magma reservoir of the Teplice rhyolite also has a genetic relationship to the younger mineralised A-type granites, as indicated by quartz phenocryst populations. The pre-caldera biotite granites and the rhyodacitic Schönfeld volcanic rocks represent temporally and spatially separate magma sources. However, the deep magma reservoir of both is assumed to have been at a depth of 24–17 km. The drastic chemical contrast between the pre-caldera Schönfeld (Westfalian B–C) and the syn-caldera Teplice (Westfalian C–D) volcanic rocks is related to the change from late-orogenic geotectonic environment to post-orogenic faulting, and is considered an important chronostratigraphic marker.