Source Regions and Formation of the Loess Sediments on the High Mountain Regions of Northwestern China

Loess on the high mountains of northwestern China is largely controlled by the topographic features, distributed mainly on the northern slopes of the Tianshan and Kunlun Mountains as well as in the Ili Valley (between the northern and central Tianshan ranges). Loess distributed in different regions has different ages, with the oldest (early Pleistocene) loess occurring in the Ili Valley. Geochemical, mineralogical and granulometric analyses demonstrate that the loess in the three different regions has different provenance. The loess on the northern Tianshan and Kunlun Mountains is mainly derived from the Junggar and Taklimakan Deserts, respectively, whereas the loess in the Ili Valley is derived mainly from the Sary–Ishikotrau Desert located in the Republic of Kazakhstan. However, these deserts serve mostly as holding areas for the silts rather than original source regions. The production of the silt-sized particles is mainly associated with glacial abrasion and tectonic-induced rock denudation. Thus, the loess in the studied regions can be described as “mountainous” loess rather than simply “glacial” loess or “desert” loess. It is unlikely that the mechanisms of loess formation are the same in different regions, given their dependence on specific geomorphological conditions and associated processes.     

准噶尔盆地南缘中-新生界沉积物重矿物分析与盆山格局演化

本文通过分析准噶尔盆地南缘野外剖面、部分钻井岩心和天山内部野外剖面的碎屑重矿物及其组合特征,探讨了准噶尔盆地中-新生代物源体系和盆山格局的演化。准噶尔盆地南缘至少存在3个物源体系,各物源体系的重矿物组合、含量及其反映的物源属性均存在较大差异;其中,南部天山物源还存在东、西两部的差异。不同重矿物组合出现和不稳定重矿物的增加显示中-新生代存在3个构造活动相对活跃期,即晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期、晚白垩世和晚新生代。早-中侏罗世天山内部发育多个分隔的小型盆地,盆地南部边界至少位于后峡附近,不存在地理分隔明显的天山;晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期是天山隆升、盆山格局发生转变的时期,博格达山逐渐构成盆地南缘的又一重要物源;白垩纪—古近纪盆山格局变化不大,新近纪以来的强烈挤压构造背景使得天山山脉快速隆升,盆山格局发生重大改变。准噶尔盆地南缘中-新生代构造相对活跃期和盆山格局演变与欧亚板块南缘发生的构造事件具有良好的对应关系。     

准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系碎屑成分特征及其对构造属性、盆山格局的指示意义

砂岩碎屑成分分析是进行沉积物源岩石类型、构造属性和盆山演化分析的重要途径。准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“弧造山带”和部分“岩浆弧”物源为特征,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩、变质岩和沉积岩,岩石成分、重矿物含量及其组合显示东、西剖面在物源上存在一定差异。天山内部侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“混合造山带”为主,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩和变质岩,但各剖面的岩石成分、重矿物组合特征及相对含量差异较大。综合天山内部与准噶尔盆地南缘野外剖面沉积特征、岩屑成分及钻井岩心分析表明,天山地区早、中侏罗世盆山格局以盆地沉积范围大、天山正地形较小为特征,不存在地理分割明显的天山山脉,侏罗纪盆地南缘至少存在三个物源体系(西准噶尔山、克拉麦里山和(古)天山);晚侏罗世一早白垩世早期,岩石成分成熟度偏低,砾岩等粗碎屑沉积明显增多,同时不稳定重矿物及其组合稍有增加可能与晚侏罗世天山构造格局分异、构造活动相对活跃有关,天山山脉明显隆升并造就天山南北沉积环境的巨大差异。     

利用NOAACHAIN监测近10 a来中国西北土地覆盖的变化

近10 a来, 中国西北地区土地覆盖发生显著的变化. 利用基于遥感的中国西北土地覆盖动态监测系统NOAAAVHRR Processing Chain (NOAACHAIN), 预处理1 990年7～8月和1999年7～8月NOAAAVHRR影像资料, 对预处理过程的大气纠正和几何纠正方法及有关参数的计算进行详细的介绍. 对计算的参数NDVI进行统计, 获取两个时期土地覆盖变化的数据. 从NDVI差值分布图可以看出中国西北植被指数普遍减小, 植被退化严重, 严重退化的地区主要分布在青海东部农牧交错区、新疆的天山地区和塔里木河下游的"绿色走廊"地带等;中度退化地区分布在青海的柴达木盆地、新疆的准葛尔盆地和塔里木盆地南部、甘肃的民勤地区、陕西北部和甘肃庆阳地区北部等. 植被增加的地区主要分布在伊利河流域、新疆北部、青海南部、甘肃兰州附近和陕西的秦岭等局部地区.     

Topographic evolution of the Tianshan Mountains and their relation to the Junggar and Turpan Basins,Central Asia,from the Permian to the Neogene

The modern Tianshan Mountains and their surrounding basins have mainly been shaped by the far field effects of the Cenozoic India-Asia collision. However, precollision topographic evolution of the Tianshan Mountains and its impacts on the Junggar and Turpan Basins remain unclear due to the scarcity of data. Detrital zircon U-Pb dating of 14 new and 23 published samples from Permian to Neogene strata in the northern Western Tianshan Mountains, northern and southern Bogda Mountains and Central Turpan Basin, are combined with sedimentary characteristics (lithofacies, petrofacies and paleocurrent data) to investigate the temporal and spatial changes in sediment provenances. Based on the age characteristics of the source rocks in the Tianshan Mountains, the detrital zircons are divided into three groups: pre-Carboniferous zircons, mainly from the Central Tianshan Mountains; Carboniferous to Permian zircons, mainly from the North Tianshan and Bogda Mountains; and Mesozoic zircons, mainly from syn-depositional volcanic activity. The topographic evolution of the Tianshan Mountains and their relation to the Junggar and Turpan Basins can be generally divided into six stages. (1) Positive-relief Tianshan and Bogda Mountains and a rifted marine basin formed during the Early Permian to early Middle Permian following late Carboniferous orogenesis, as evidenced by interbedded alluvial fan conglomerates and postcollisional extension-related volcanic rocks along the basin margins, by marine deposits far from the basin margins and by the predominance of Carboniferous to Permian detrital zircons. (2) Fluvial to lacustrine deposits in the modern southern Junggar and Turpan Basins are characterized by abundant pre-Carboniferous zircons and consistently northward-flowing paleocurrents, indicating the submergence of the Bogda Mountains and a contiguous Junggar-Turpan continental depression basin during the late Middle Permian to the Triassic. (3) The Bogda Mountains began to uplift in the Early Jurassic, resulting in opposing paleocurrent directions, a sudden increase in sedimentary lithic detritus and the dominance of Carboniferous to Permian detrital zircons along the southern and northern margins of this range. (4) In contrast to the uplift of the Bogda Mountains, the other parts of the Tianshan Mountains experienced gradual peneplanation from the Early Jurassic to the Middle Jurassic, as confirmed by widespread fluvial to lacustrine deposits, even inside the modern Tianshan Mountains, and by the dominance of pre-Carboniferous detrital zircons. (5) The dominance of Carboniferous to Permian zircons in the southern Junggar Basin suggests the West Tianshan Mountains were uplifted during the Late Jurassic, while the dominance of pre-Carboniferous zircons in the Central Turpan Basin indicates continuous peneplanation in the Eastern Tianshan Mountains. (6) The initial shape of the Tianshan Mountains-Junggar Basin-Turpan Basin system was constructed in the Late Jurassic but was modified in the Cenozoic by the India-Asia collision, resulting in much higher Western Tianshan and Bogda Mountains, low Eastern Tianshan Mountains and well-developed foreland basins. These Cenozoic changes were recorded by the rapid cooling of apatites, the dominance of Carboniferous to Permian zircons in the southern Junggar Basin and northern Turpan Basin, and the dominance of pre-Carboniferous zircons in the Central Turpan Basin.     

准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗纪沉积相演化与盆地格局

通过对准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系5条剖面的沉积特征对比,结合钻井资料和地震资料,确定了准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗纪盆地边界、沉积相演化及盆地格局。头屯河剖面和后峡剖面的沉积相对比及古流向测量表明二者在早、中侏罗世形成于同一沉积体系。在早、中侏罗世,沉积相逐渐从以辫状河-三角洲-湖泊相为主过渡到以河流相-湖泊相为主,沉积水体逐渐变浅;其中三工河组沉积时期盆地沉积范围达到最大,西山窑组沼泽相发育,车排子-莫索湾凸起自西山窑组沉积时期开始形成;早、中侏罗世的盆地边界至少位于后峡以南附近,此时不存在地理分割明显的天山山脉。晚侏罗世－早白垩世早期,沉积相从辫状河-滨浅湖相为主迅速演变为以辫状河-冲积扇相为主。在此期间盆地边界明显向北迁移,天山山脉明显隆升并造就天山南北沉积环境的巨大差异,博格达山构成盆地南缘的又一重要物源体系。     

中国北方地区二叠纪岩相古地理

主要以实地踏勘和测量建立的87个标准剖面及529个辅助剖面为基础，通过对二叠系分布格局、岩石学特征、沉积构造特征、古气候、古生态、古环境等分析，来恢复中国北方地区二叠纪的古地理面貌。早二叠世：主要存在额尔古纳和佳木斯古陆，塔里木-敦煌-祁连-内蒙古古陆；海域主要分布在松辽海相区，华北残留海湾相区，柴西残留海湾相区和南准噶尔-吐哈-北山残留海湾相区；此外还有塔里木西部碳酸盐台地相区和准噶尔腹部河湖相区。中二叠世：早二叠世的古陆依然存在，但华北北部古陆范围明显缩小，而准噶尔南缘-吐哈地区已上升成为陆地；海域只局限在东北和南祁连地区，华北地区-北祁连地区大面积为河湖相发育区；塔里木盆地主要为陆相碎屑岩沉积；准噶尔地区发育河湖相沉积，北山残留海盆火山碎屑岩发育。晚二叠世：仅在南祁连地区有海相沉积，其他地区均为陆相沉积，东北地区陆相和湖泊相沉积占主导地位；华北地区-北祁连地区主体为河湖相沉积；塔里木盆地整体为河湖相沉积；准噶尔-吐哈盆地主体为河湖相沉积。     

新疆北部古生代构造演化的几点认识

最近的地质调查和研究资料揭示,新疆北部古生代存在"三块两带"的构造格局,并经历了复杂的洋陆转换过程。地质、地球物理和碎屑锆石年龄结果显示,准噶尔盆地南部应存在一个至少发育前震旦系的古老陆块;初步认为东准噶尔北自额尔齐斯构造带东南的玛依鄂博地区至南部的卡拉麦里构造带南界,整体为一增生杂岩体,西准噶尔自额尔齐斯构造带南缘至谢米斯台南缘亦为一增生杂岩体。提出新疆北部加里东运动表现为准噶尔-吐哈陆块、中天山陆块群、伊犁地块等拼合形成哈萨克斯坦板块的一部分。从新疆北部泥盆系建造组合和沉积环境演变视角,探讨了早古生代形成的哈萨克板块北部洋盆从早泥盆世开始,至晚泥盆世拼合,洋盆经历了逐渐变浅直至消亡的演化过程。结合区域地质调查资料,提出南天山为一巨大的增生杂岩体,代表了哈萨克斯坦板块与塔里木板块最后增生拼合的位置,亦是古亚洲洋在中国境内最后闭合的位置,闭合的时限为早石炭末期。在以上认识的基础上,提出新疆北部晚古生代构造演化的"三块两带"基本框架:即在统一哈萨克斯坦板块形成后,自北而南依次存在西伯利亚板块、哈萨克斯坦板块、塔里木板块及其间的准噶尔洋盆和南天山洋盆。晚泥盆世哈萨克斯坦板块与西伯利亚板块完成增生拼贴;早石炭世末,塔里木板块与西伯利亚-哈萨克斯坦联合板块完成增生拼贴,古亚洲洋结束洋陆转换;晚石炭世至早二叠世,新疆北部进入后碰撞伸展至大陆裂谷演化阶段。     

中国西北部含油气盆地的构造带类型及其复式油气藏(田)初探

中国西北部含油气盆地具有四大类型有利油气成藏构造带,包括前陆带、中央隆起带、凹陷背斜带和斜坡构造带。前陆带还可分为前陆隆起带、前陆逆冲断裂带及前陆逆冲前锋带三个亚类。这些构造带控制了油气藏的形成与聚集,构成了在垂向上相互叠置、平面上复合连片,形成不同的复式油气聚集区。前陆带主要分布在塔里木盆地西南缘和北缘、准噶尔盆地西北缘和南缘、吐哈盆地北缘、酒泉盆地南缘以及柴达木盆地北缘;中央隆起带仅在塔里木、准噶尔两个盆地发育;凹陷背斜带的典型实例为塔里木盆地英吉苏凹陷中部的英南构造带,另外还包括塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷哈德逊东河砂岩不整合超覆尖灭带和准噶尔盆地漠区坳陷的莫西断鼻等;斜坡构造带以柴达木盆地红柳泉斜坡构造带为代表,它由地层不整合圈闭和地层超覆圈闭形成复合构造样式。     

Paleozoic multiple accretionary and collisional tectonics of the Chinese Tianshan orogenic collage

Subduction-related accretion in the Junggar–Balkash and South Tianshan Oceans (Paleo-Asian Ocean), mainly in the Paleozoic, gave rise to the present 2400 km-long Tianshan orogenic collage that extends from the Aral Sea eastwards through Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, to Xinjiang in China. This paper provides an up-to-date along-strike synthesis of this orogenic collage and a new tectonic model to explain its accretionary evolution.The northern part of the orogenic collage developed by consumption of the Junggar–Balkash Ocean together with Paleozoic island arcs (Northern Ili, Issyk Kul, and Chatkal) located in the west, which may have amalgamated into a composite arc in the Paleozoic in the west and by addition of another two, roughly parallel, arcs (Dananhu and Central Tianshan) in the east. The western composite arc and the eastern Dananhu and Central Tianshan arcs formed a late Paleozoic archipelago with multiple subduction zones. The southern part of the orogenic collage developed by the consumption of the South Tianshan Ocean which gave rise to a continuous accretionary complex (Kokshaal–Kumishi), which separated the Central Tianshan in the east and other Paleozoic arcs in the west from cratons (Tarim and Karakum) to the south. Cross-border correlations of this accretionary complex indicate a general southward and oceanward accretion by northward subduction in the early Paleozoic to Permian as recorded by successive southward juxtaposition of ophiolites, slices of ophiolitic mélanges, cherts, island arcs, olistostromes, blueschists, and turbidites, which are mainly Paleozoic in age, with the youngest main phase being Late Carboniferous–Permian. The initial docking of the southerly Tarim and Karakum cratons to this complicated late Paleozoic archipelago and accretionary complexes occurred in the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian in the eastern part of the Tianshan and in the Late Permian in the western part, which might have terminated collisional deformation on this suture zone. The final stages of closure of the Junggar–Balkash Ocean resembled the small ocean basin scenario of the Mediterranean Sea in the Cenozoic. In summary, the history of the Altaids is characterized by complicated multiple accretionary and collisional tectonics.     

Effects of changes in vegetation on precipitation in the northern Tianshan Mountains evaluated using multiple time scales

This study used a combination of the wavelet cross-correlation technique and numerical analysis of vegetative feedback to study the role of climate–vegetation feedback from 1981 to 2009 in the northern Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang Province, China. The study area included the Irtysh River, the Bortala and Ili River valleys, the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, and the western Junggar Basin. The feedback effects of changes in vegetation on precipitation appeared to vary in these five regions when different time scales are used to examine them. The most useful time scale was generally found to be 4–6 months. Time lag was another characteristic of this process, and the optimal time lag was 3–4 months. Nevertheless, optimal time scale and time lag did not differ significantly in these five regions. In this way, the correct time scale of the effects of variations in vegetation on precipitation in this cold, arid area was found. This time scale and time lag can be assessed through wavelet cross-correlation analysis. Then numerical analysis can be used to improve the accuracy of the analysis.     

准噶尔盆地南缘古近纪—新近纪前陆盆地沉积格局与演变*

针对准噶尔盆地南缘古近系和新近系碎屑岩沉积体,运用野外露头宏观分析与岩心、薄片微观描述来 “定岩相和沉积相”;依据地震相的不同特点及相变的不同位置,刻画湖岸线演化,从而对沉积体“定边界”;根据重矿物组合特征及砂岩等厚图来“定主次物源”的方法,综合研究前陆盆地的沉积相特征。在此基础上,分析了准噶尔盆地南缘湖盆沉积格局与演变,认为准噶尔盆地南缘古近系紫泥泉子组沉积时期,湖平面较低,天山山前带发育4个规模较大的扇三角洲朵状体;至安集海河组沉积时期,湖平面上升,山前带扇三角洲发生退积,仅沉积3个规模变小的朵状体,霍尔果斯地区扇三角洲朵状体不发育。新近系沙湾组沉积时期,由于逆冲推覆构造作用,山前带地形高差大、坡度陡且气候干旱,随着湖平面的迅速下降,山前带发育更大规模进积型扇三角洲沉积。准噶尔盆地南缘古近系—新近系2个主要物源分别是中部东湾—吐谷鲁—玛纳斯背斜、西部西湖—独山子背斜;2个次要物源分别为东部呼图壁背斜和中西部霍尔果斯背斜,此4个物源流向是由南向北。北部卡因迪克地区则是来自前陆隆起区的重要物源。     

塔里木盆地及邻区岩石圈拆离解耦与盆山格局关系的天然地震分析

与洋陆俯冲关系不同,在板内汇聚过程中,大陆岩石圈固有的多圈层、多界面结构的特点,使得地块的俯冲变形伴有多圈层顺层拆离解耦的行为,使变形结构复杂化。虽然多圈层界面拆离解耦所引发的地震点群空间分布不像洋陆俯冲关系那么规则完美,但是依据地震群与破裂位置、破裂与岩石圈分层力学特性的依次控制关系,运用深度/频次、平面密度等统计方法,再以各种地球物理实测手段得到的岩石圈结构构造数据作为界面标定依据,还是能够得出诸如拆离解耦的界面深度、界面归属和区域层间变形范围等重要的几何学信息,这些变形几何学、运动学数据是构建大陆岩石圈板内汇聚造山特别是盆山耦合模式时的关键性的依据。文中通过对塔里木盆地及周缘造山带的相关研究,在岩石圈层拆离解耦状态及其与盆山构造格局之间的关系方面得出以下几点认识:(1)塔里木盆地及周缘造山带岩石圈的主拆离解耦层均发育于中地壳,但随各区中地壳的具体深度位置不同而有所差别;(2)塔西南/西昆仑盆山构造耦合关系是构建于岩石圈尺度上的,塔北/南天山盆山耦合关系是构建于地壳尺度上的;(3)地震活动的密集程度及密集带的展布与天山的变形强度、隆升状态和地貌阶段类型的变化规律有着近乎完美的精确匹配关系;(4)塔北/南天山和塔西南/西昆仑对应于岩石圈的强拆离解耦区,塔东北/东天山和塔东南/阿尔金山之间无耦合关系,其边缘带对应于岩石圈弱拆离解耦和无拆离解耦区;(5)塔里木盆地总体上的弱变形状态与其岩石圈弱或未拆离解耦类型占据总面积90%的情形相适应;(6)塔里木地块以驱动、阻挡约束、平移滚筒约束和克拉通过渡等多重“身份”存在于相邻单元“包围”的力学环境中。     

1961 - 2018年新疆北部冬季暴雪时空分布及其环流特征

基于1961 - 2018年冬季逐日降水资料, 研究了新疆北部不同类型暴雪的时空分布和环流特征。结果表明, 冬季新疆北部的局地暴雪日数最多（73.1%）, 区域暴雪次之（20.9%）, 大范围暴雪最少（6.0%）。总暴雪、 区域暴雪和大范围暴雪日数呈显著的增加趋势, 局地暴雪的增加趋势不显著。总暴雪、 局地暴雪和区域暴雪日数在12月最多; 大范围暴雪日数在2月最多。20世纪60 - 80年代, 新疆北部冬季以局地暴雪为主, 暴雪中心主要位于伊犁河谷和塔城地区北部; 90年代至今, 区域暴雪和大范围暴雪日数显著增加, 除伊犁河谷和塔城地区北部外, 阿勒泰地区、 天山北坡中段的暴雪日数增加显著, 乌鲁木齐成为天山北坡新的暴雪中心。新疆北部冬季暴雪的环流形势可分为3类6型, 其中锋区波动类最多, 低槽类次之, 低涡类最少。20世纪90年代前, 锋区波动类最多; 进入21世纪后, 低槽类明显增多。     

准噶尔南缘新生代断裂的形成机制

准南有三条走向东西右列的新生代冲断褶皱带,是天山北麓右行走滑兼走逆冲断层的尾端冲断扇构造。各冲断褶皱带的西端与天山北麓断层相接触处形成最早,在中新世中期开始形成,主体在中新世晚期约10Ma开始形成,其末端在第四纪才开始形成,表现出挤压的构造动力和变形自南向北扩展。准南逆冲构造带的初始时间比天山南麓的库车逆冲构造带晚约8Ma,说明天山造山带因为塑性较高,构造动力传播是耗时的,这与塔里木盆地刚性高、瞬时传递的特征形成对照。瞬时传递构造应力和耗时传递构造动力在空间上的交替出现是印藏陆陆碰撞导致陆内变形传播形式的基本原因。     

天山山区近40a夏季降水变化及与南北疆的比较

利用新疆1959-1998年的降水资料,分析了天山山区近40a来夏季降水变化特征,并与南疆、北疆进行了比较.结果表明:天山山区近40a来的夏季降水在干湿阶段、最干最湿年份、降水变化的周期方面均与南北疆有别;天山山区夏季降水空间上的同步性变化比南疆及北疆弱一些;天山山区近40a来夏季降水年代际变化与北疆较为相近.新疆近40a来夏季降水最多的年代是90年代,天山山区偏多12%,南疆偏多25%,北疆偏多21%.     

准噶尔盆地天山北麓水文地质条件变化特征

准噶尔盆地南缘(天山北麓)是新疆国民经济发展中心,水资源短缺是严重制约区内经济发展的主要因素,研究和剖析区内水文地质条件变化特征,对天山北麓地下水资源评价、规划、开发具较大指导意义.从区内50年来水文地质条件变化分析入手,阐述准噶尔盆地南缘因人类经济活动引起的水资源循环模式改变、地下水补给量减少及水位持续下降趋势变化特征,为今后区内地下水资源评价及开发利用提供较好依据.     

准噶尔盆地南缘阿什里地区地质构造基本特征

准噶尔盆地南缘阿什里地区紧邻北天山造山带前缘,受北天山造山系逆冲构造作用的影响,区内构造变形十分强烈.野外地质调查和地震勘探证实,该区逆掩推覆构造现象普遍,阿什里地区头屯河构造西侧较大范围的石炭系露头为逆冲推覆、遭受剥蚀后残留的外来岩块.结合前人对准南地区侏罗纪沉积演化、盆地格局和三叠系、侏罗系沉积特征和沉积相分析研究成果,笔者建议对准南地区盆地边界南扩,以侏罗系分布范围划定盆地南界.除前人普遍认识到北天山前缘存在三排背斜构造带之外,证实紧靠北天山盆山结合部还存在一排以头屯河背斜为代表的背斜构造带,对提升该地区的油气勘探前景具有重要意义.     

Paleozoic Plate-Tectonic Evolution of the Tarim and Western Tianshan Regions,Western China

The plate-tectonic evolution of the Tarim basin and nearby western Tianshan region during Paleozoic time is reconstructed in an effort to further constrain the tectonic evolution of Central Asia, providing insights into the formation and distribution of oil and gas resources. The Tarim plate developed from continental rifting that progressed during early Paleozoic time into a passive continental margin. The Yili terrane (central Tianshan) broke away from the present eastern part of Tarim and became a microcontinent located somewhere between the Junggar ocean and the southern Tianshan ocean. The southern Tianshan ocean, between the Tarim craton and the Yili terrane, was subducting beneath the Yili terrane from Silurian to Devonian time. During the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous, the Tarim plate collided with the Yili terrane by sinistral accretional docking that resulted in a late Paleozoic deformational episode. Intracontinental shortening (A-type subduction) continued through the Permian with the creation of a magmatic belt.     

新疆东部地区大地构造问题探讨

根据最新的航磁资料,主要探讨了新疆东部基底性质及岩相分区,指出在天山地区除普通存在古生界浅变质基底外,于吐鲁番—哈密盆地中南部深层还存在强磁性基底.库鲁克塔格地区由于元古界多为弱磁性或无磁性岩石,因而显示负磁场面貌,该区与南天山、塔里木盆地北部为区域负背景异常,推测它们为同一深部因素控制的构造区.磁场资料可清楚地圈定出塔里木地台东部边界.文中还对原中天山隆起带出现的升高变化异常提出了解释依据.