台江阶——我国寒武系一个新的年代地层单位

台江阶是继湘西建立的 4个中 -上寒武统新阶之后在我国江南斜坡带黔东传统的中寒武统下部建立的又一个新阶 ,它的底界层型剖面位于贵州台江县革东镇八郎村 ,底界划在 Oryctocephalus indicus的首现位置 ,位于凯里组下部第 10层之底。     

寒武系全球排碧阶及芙蓉统底界的标准层型剖面和点位

国际地球科学联合会2003年2月批准了由中美科学家组成的联合研究小组的建立全球排碧阶和芙蓉统底界标准层型剖面和点位的提案,以我国地名命名的“排碧阶”和“芙蓉统”两个全球年代地层单位及其底界的全球层型正式确立,这是寒武系内所确立的第一个“金钉子”。排碧阶和芙蓉统分别是寒武系的首个全球阶级标准单位和首个全球统级标准单位。排碧阶和芙蓉统的共同底界的全球层型剖面位于湖南花垣排碧附近的四新村,底界划在该剖面花桥组底界之上369.06m,与球接子三叶虫Glyptagnostus retuculatus的首现一致。芙蓉统的建立,取代了长期使用的非正式年代地层单位“上寒武统”。     

全球寒武系苗岭统和乌溜阶“金钉子”落户贵州

正"金钉子"是全球界线层型剖面和点位(GSSP)的俗称。"金钉子"一旦在世界某个地方"钉下",该地点就变成了一个地质年代的"国际标准",对照它,便可以对应标出其他岩层的"年龄",是年代地层统一的"度量衡"。2018年6月21日,由贵州大学赵元龙教授率领的研究团队提议的寒武系第三统(苗岭统)及第五阶(乌溜阶)共同底界全球标准层型剖面和点位("金钉子")的提案,得到国际地质科学联合会(IUGS)批准:将寒武系第三统苗岭统)第五阶(乌溜阶)的剖面和点位"钉在"贵州剑河县八郎村附近的乌溜一曾家岩剖面(坐标:108o24.830'E,     

迎接寒武系全球年代地层的新划分——2004年版“国际地层表”述评

评述了国际地层委员会最新公布的2 0 0 4年版“国际地层表”的寒武系部分,包括它的底界全球层型和点位的确定和存在的问题、寒武系当前的再划分情况、芙蓉统和排碧阶及其底界全球层型剖面和点位、寒武系的时代跨度。介绍了全球寒武系年代地层的研究方向和正在表决中的全球寒武系最新划分方案。讨论了与我国寒武系年代地层的划分和建立地方性、区域性年代地层系统的相关问题     

黔东南Oryctocephalus indicus的分布及其意义

本文通过对黔东南两条新测剖面的整理、已有剖面的进一步挖掘和已有剖面的资料的整理,厘定出几个寒武系第三统底界附近有代表意义的三叶虫属种在这些剖面中产出层位。经过对比研究,认为Oryctocephalus indicus在黔东南分布广泛,个体清晰,层位稳定并延伸较长,可以作为很好的标准化石。     

全球寒武系江山阶及其“金钉子”在我国正式确立

国际地质科学联合会执委会批准了由中、美、意科学家组成的研究团队提议建立寒武系江山阶全球标准层型剖面和点位（＂金钉子＂）的提案,以我国浙江江山县命名的全球寒武系年代地层单位江山阶及其底界的＂金钉子＂正式在我国确立。这是继寒武系排碧阶和古丈阶＂金钉子＂之后,在我国确立的又一个寒武系的＂金钉子＂,也是继芙蓉统、排碧阶和古丈阶...     

我国中-下寒武统界线研究的进展及前景

全球中-下寒武统界线层型的选择工作目前正在进行,我国的研究工作已取得了显著成果.中-下寒武统界线划分的原则是层型剖面必须建立在斜坡相区,界线应位于与大区重要代表Redlichia、Olenellus共生的全球分布的Bathynotus的层位和产有演化较快、全球分布的Oryctocephalus层位之间,具体点位应划在Oryctocephalus indicus首次出现(FAD)处.我国贵州台江八郎乌溜-曾家崖剖面完全符合这一要求,经深入研究,该界线剖面产Oryctocephalus indicus的层位与其下Redlichia的最终消失层位间距仅0.8m,比美国内华达州Split山东坡剖面中-下寒武统界线剖面O.indicus出现的层位与其下Olenellus的消失层位间距13m短得多.     

全球寒武系第三统和第五阶“金钉子”正式落户我国

正国际地质科学联合会(国际地科联)最近以全票通过的表决结果,批准把寒武系第三统和第五阶的全球标准层型剖面和点位("金钉子")建立在中国贵州剑河。国际地科联秘书长、美国加州州立大学教授Stan Finney日前签发了国际地科联的批准书(图1)。这是我国所获得的第11个"金钉子",标志着国际地层委员会寒武系分会对寒武系第三统和第五阶共同底界"金钉子"的长达20余年的研究、选择已尘埃落定。     

芙蓉统和排碧阶底界全球层型剖面的牙形刺生物地层

寒武系芙蓉统和排碧阶全球层型剖面——湖南花垣排碧剖面底界界线层的牙形刺生物地层,由下至上划分为Westergaardodina tetragonia带、Westergaardodina matsushitai带和Westergaardodina bicuspidate 3个牙形刺带,可与该界线层的三叶虫带进行很好对比;同时讨论了芙蓉统和排碧阶底界划在牙形刺Westergaardodina mat-sushitai带和Westergaardodina bicuspidata带之间的合理性;此外,还将该牙形刺分带与华北和东北地区寒武系牙形刺带进行了对比。     

全球寒武系芙蓉统和排碧阶及其底界层型在我国确立

国际地球科学联合会最近批准了寒武纪全球年代地层单位芙蓉统和排碧阶及其底界的全球层型,层型剖面为中国湖南花垣排碧剖面. 寒武系在1835年由英国学者A.Sedgwick建立,以往没有全球统一的正式划分.为了解决寒武系年代地层再划分问题,国际地层委员会寒武系分会从1995年起,先后在摩洛哥、西班牙、加拿大、瑞典、美国、阿根廷、我国华南和法国举行了8次现场会议,寻找适合的剖面和点位.     

Influence of the Frasnian-Famennian event on radiolarian faunas

The impact of the Frasnian-Famennian biotic mass extinction event (F-F event) on radiolarian faunas is examined in 13 sections, which belong to two types of cherty basin in South China. No appreciable decrease in radiolarian biodiversity is observed across the F-F boundary. Indeed, radiolarian faunas flourished during the Famennian. The F-F event may not have had any dramatic effect on the radiolarian faunas in deep water and the disappearance of Famennian radiolarians in shallow water platform sections may simply be a result of sea level change rather than any biotic crisis.     

陕西耀县地区上奥陶统的头足类

<正> 一九七五年,林宝玉、郭振明和作者调查陕、甘、宁西南缘的奥陶系时,划分耀县桃曲坡地区的奥陶系为三道沟组、桃曲坡组和背锅山组(桃曲坡组是新命名的地层单位)。三道沟组为友及深灰色块状灰岩夹少量砾状灰岩,顶部10米岩层变薄,总厚80米。桃曲坡组和背锅山组以灰色薄层泥质灰岩为主,厚100米。以紫红色团块状灰岩做背锅山组的底界将该二组分开。在编写“中国地层”一书的过程中,我们已将桃曲坡组与背锅山组合并、称桃曲坡组,原三道沟组顶部10米薄层灰岩亦归入桃曲坡组的底部。这样,三道沟组的岩性均由厚层块状灰岩组成；桃曲坡组以薄层灰岩为主，仅中部夹钙质页岩（产笔石），上部夹紫红色团块状灰岩。     

滇东曲靖地区志留纪四射珊瑚的动物群特征及地层时代讨论

本文着重从四射珊瑚动物群的角度讨论了滇东曲靖地区志留系的地层划分及对比问题。并提出曲靖地区的中、晚志留世具有4个珊瑚化石组合。对部分四射珊瑚属种（其中包括9个新种,4个相似种和一个未定属种）进行了描述。     

Late Olenekian Radiolarians from Bedded Chert of Ashio Terrane, Northeast Japan,and Faunal Turnovers in Western Panthalassa during Early Triassic

Late Olenekian assemblages in the western Panthalassa have been recovered from bedded radiolarian chert sequences of an accretionary complex, the Ashio belt. These faunas are documented and considered in terms of radiolarian diversity and faunal turnover during the latest Permian to Middle Triassic time. The fauna includes 30 radiolarians belonging to Spumellaria or Entactinaria, with two relicts from the Late Permian. This late Olenekian fauna is markedly different from Permian and Asisian faunas, respectively, and is herein named the Minowa fauna. Study of the literaure indicates that radiolarian provinces were significantly disconnected between the western Panthalassa and eastern Tethys during late Olenekian time. Furthermore, 121 of 143 species disappeared during late Olenekian time, and in turn 118 new species appeared in the western Panthalassa around the Olenekian-Anisian boundary. It is concluded that faunal turnover occurred at least three times between the latest Permian and Middle Triassic.The first turnover is the Poalaozoie-type radiolarian extinction at the Permain-Triassic boundary,the second is the diversification of spheroidal Spumellaria and Entactinaria between early and late Olenekian time, and the third is a faunal turnover from the Minowa fauna to the true Mesozoic-type radiolarian famas that are characterized by mulit0segmented Nassellaria.     

对陕西蓝田几个哺乳动物群的层位及时代的新认识

过去认为涝池河—阳郭动物群的时代相当或稍晚于泥河湾动物群,早于公王岭动物群,厚镇涝池河动物群的时代与公王岭动物群的一致。但各动物群的层位及在动物群演化上所处的位置表明涝池河—阳郭动物群的时代应与公王岭动物群的一致,比泥河湾动物群的晚,而厚镇涝池河动物群的时代应与陈家窝动物群的相当。重新厘定了公王岭期与陈家窝期的涵义,认为蓝田黄土地层中、早更新统的界线应划在Ｓ８与Ｌ９交界处。     

Link between global cooling and mammalian transformation across the Eocene–Oligocene boundary in the continental interior of Asia

Evidence in the world’s ocean current system indicates an abrupt cooling from 34.1 to 33.6?Ma across the Eocene–Oligocene boundary at 33.9?Ma. The remarkable cooling period in the ocean, called the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT), is correlated with pronounced mammalian faunal replacement as shown in terrestrial fossil records. For the first time within Asia, a section is magnetostratigraphically dated that also produces mammalian fossils that span the Late Eocene—Early Oligocene transition. Three fossil assemblages revealed through the EOT (34.8, 33.7, and 30.4?Ma) demonstrate that perissodactyl faunas were abruptly replaced by rodent/lagomorph-dominant faunas during climate cooling, and that changes in mammalian communities were accelerated by aridification in central Asia. Three fossil assemblages (34.8, 33.7, and 30.4?Ma) within the north Junggar Basin (Burqin section) tied to this magnetostratigraphically dated section, reveal that perissodactyl faunas were abruptly replaced by rodent/lagomorph-dominant faunas during climate cooling, and that changes in mammalian communities were accelerated by aridification in central Asia. The biotic reorganization events described in the Burqin section are comparable to the Grande Coupure in Europe and the Mongolian Remodeling of mammalian communities. That is, the faunal transition was nearly simultaneous all over the world and mirrored global climatic changes with regional factors playing only a secondary role.     

二叠-三叠纪之交牙形石生态新模式

通过对浙江长兴煤山剖面二叠－三叠系界线层沉积相分析及牙形石演化规律研究,提出了该时期Ｃｌａｒｋｉｎａ（Ｎｅｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌａ）,Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓ两类重要牙形石属的生态新模式．（１）Ｃｌａｒｋｉｎａ是一种底栖自由游泳生物,可出现于远岸浅海至盆地相较深水环境;（２）Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓ是一种洋面浮游型生物,死亡之后可沉于海底的滨、浅海至深水盆地各种环境之中,并可渡过二叠－三叠纪之交海底缺氧事件这一难关,在早三叠世得到发展;因此,Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓ可作为全球二叠－三叠系界线划分对比的可靠证据．     

Newly Discovered Fish Faunas from the Early Triassic, Karoo Basin, South Africa, and their Correlative Implications

Recent collecting in exposures of the lowermost Burgersdorp Formation (Beaufort Group), of the Karoo Basin of South Africa, has revealed a previously unknown fish fauna from the Early Triassic (Scythian), lowermost Cynognathus Assemblage Zone (CAZ), which forms an important component of the total vertebrate assemblage. The newly discovered fish material includes lungfish, saurichthyids, and a large microfauna that includes numerous isolated chondrichthyan teeth, two fin spine fragments, and actinopterygian scales and teeth. The latest fish finds, together with the lowermost Cynognathus Assemblage Zone vertebrate faunas, make this Karoo Basin Assemblage Zone one of the most diverse Early Triassic faunal assemblages, comparable in faunal diversity to those from the Czatkowice Formation (Poland) and the Arcadia Formation (Australia). The presence of the lungfish Ptychoceratodus phillipsi in the early Middle Triassic Cynognathus Assemblage Zone (Subzone B), and in the underlying latest Early Triassic Cynognathus Assemblage Zone (Subzone A), indicates that these lungfish could serve as range index fossils within the CAZ, and thus are potentially useful biostratigraphic markers across the Early-Middle Triassic boundary. Furthermore the ‘new’ fish fauna provides a vital marine realm link in particular with the faunas of Madagascar and Australia, that is unavailable using the tetrapod faunal elements of the lower CAZ.     

太原东山晚石炭世至早三叠世早期地层研究

通过对太原东山本溪组、太原组发育特征、腕足动物和宝类地层分布的研究,论述了石炭、二叠系间界线位置,认为腕足动物的大繁盛和?类Chalaroschwagerina的出现与Pseudoschwagerina的出现近于同时,对没有发现Pseudoschwagerina的地区,以腕足动物的大繁盛和Chalaroschwagerina的出现作为二叠纪开始的辅助生物标志是可靠的。太原东山石炭工曾乐界线划于洞道沟灰岩之底,太原组时代属晚石炭世至早二叠世早期。      

欧洲白垩纪非海相软体动物及其地层分布

本文综述了欧洲白垩纪非海相软体动物群,列出了主要产自英格兰南部、法国和西班牙早白垩世的16个不同沉积层的59个分类单元。淡水动物群以珠蚌类双壳类和田螺类腹足类为主,但在有些地点也存有肺螺类腹足类。这些化石类群与现代类型很相似,说明白垩纪淡水中的水草、氧气与营养环境良好。在欧特里沃期和巴列姆期,淡水与边缘海环境中的动物群组成都发生了显著的变化。欧洲的淡水生物群落早在巴列姆期就已存在,此时的有些类群,如著名的Mar garitifera(s.l.)valdensis在欧洲西部有着广泛的分布。英格兰南部的早白垩世韦尔登群被认为是欧洲最连续的非海相白垩纪地层,其上部的生物群可与西班牙的LasHoyas动物群和法国的Wassy动物群相对比。这3个动物群,以及法国侏罗(汝拉)和英格兰南部波倍克的侏罗纪-白垩纪的过渡生物群——Purbeck动物群,是了解欧洲白垩纪淡水动物群的关键动物群。