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1.
毕岭  肖玲  贾慧  章宏波  陈曦 《地质论评》2023,69(6):2335-2347
遗迹化石是研究古环境、古气候、地层旋回性及其全球成因动力学研究的有效载体。遗迹化石是某种环境条件下生物行为习性的直接证据,是沉积环境的灵敏指示剂,对探讨生物行为习性的演化、生物的多样性、生物地层学、事件地层学、储层地质学等都具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。基于此,笔者等选取CNKI核心合集数据库中的数据,对1954~2022年遗迹化石相关文献进行系统整理,采用Microsoft Excel 2016和CiteSpace 6.1.R2 软件对文献类型分布、年度发文数量、国家、机构、期刊、作者、高引文献、突现关键词等进行分析,构建和绘制各单元间相互关系,以探求研究领域关键路径及知识拐点,进而挖掘所蕴含的新知识,预测学科研究趋势。研究表明:①我国遗迹化石领域研究发文量最多的机构是河南理工大学;发文量最多的学者是胡斌;被引频次最多的论文作者是龚一鸣;我国遗迹化石的研究主要以国家层面的基金资助为主。②系统发展阶段,我国遗迹化石研究区主要集中在贵阳、新疆;创新发展阶段,研究区主要集中在河南、四川等地。③中国寒武系的遗迹化石研究主要集中在河南省、云南省和贵州省境内;奥陶系、志留系和泥盆系中的遗迹化石研究主要集中在贵州、陕西、新疆塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、湖南等地。石炭系—二叠系的遗迹化石研究主要集中在新疆准噶尔盆地西北部、柴达木盆地南缘等地;三叠系的遗迹化石研究主要集中在扬子地区。笔者等基于新的研究思路和方法,系统分析了国内遗迹化石研究现状和趋势,对于进一步了解遗迹化石具有指导意义。  相似文献   

2.
朱炜  张艳  韩润生  王磊  佘敏  魏平堂 《地质论评》2022,68(6):2022112011-2022112012
元素富集机制的研究是重现成矿过程和查明成矿机制的基础,有助于深化对矿床的认识,为找矿提供理论依据。本文总结了近年来关于铅锌元素的迁移与沉淀机制的研究及其应用,包括3种铅锌迁移沉淀模式,4种含铅锌流体驱动模式,铅锌的迁移形式及其沉淀机制;同时简述了我国高温高压实验的发展历程以及4种高温高压模拟实验方法。重点介绍了4种高温高压实验模拟方法及其研究现状:① 高压釜实验;② 热液金刚石压腔—激光拉曼实验;③ 熔融毛细硅管—激光拉曼实验;④ 计算机模拟实验。从封闭—平衡—静止到(半)开放—非平衡—流动、淬火分析到原位观察,应是今后高温高压实验的发展方向。以地质特征为基础,采用高温高压成岩成矿模拟实验结合计算机模拟,精细刻画成矿过程并揭示元素富集机制不仅是解决实际地质问题的有效手段,更是很长一段时间内要为之努力的方向。  相似文献   

3.
海相遗迹学经历了博物学者时代、藻类时代、大辩论时代、黎明时代,目前正处于现代遗迹学时代。海相遗迹学发展历程中的里程碑事件包括:博物学者对遗迹化石的初步研究、遗迹化石真实属性的确立、德国森根堡海洋研究所的建立、遗迹化石的行为习性分类,以及遗迹相、遗迹组构等重要概念的提出和发展。在系统回顾总结海相遗迹学成就和问题的基础上,着重展示了海相遗迹学发展的3个方向:遗迹化石三维形态重建与形态发生模拟,综合遗迹分类学以及微观手段的运用。海相遗迹学在诠释遗迹化石所反映的生物行为习性以及不同尺度生物—环境相互作用与协同演化等方面具有重要意义。  相似文献   

4.
周文辉  李雪珍  李永春  高琪  杨忠芳  段轶仁 《地质论评》2023,69(1):2023010015-2023010016
硒(Se)是人类和动物必需微量元素之一,为科学预测作物硒含量,实现富硒土地资源合理开发利用。本研究系统采集并分析了13042个表层土壤样品和313套玉米、164套马铃薯及其对应的根系土样品,研究了该区土壤 Se 含量分布特征及影响因素,分别建立了马铃薯、玉米可食部分Se含量的BP神经网络预测模型,对富 Se农作物种植区进行了合理规划。结果表明:土壤Se含量均值是0. 164 μg/g,空间分布不均匀,研究区内清水河平原地区出现富硒区且连片分布。研究区土壤硒元素含量主要受其成土母质控制,岩石经风化剥蚀、随河水迁移和农业灌溉,伴随着有机质含量增加,造成第四系冲洪积平原 Se 含量增加。研究区马铃薯、玉米籽实富Se 率分别为 82. 32 % 和 38. 02 %,且重金属含量不超标,具备开发富硒农产品的潜力。农作物籽实 Se 含量主要与根系土中Se、S、pH和有机质含量有关,通过作物籽实 Se 含量预测模型规划出研究区富 Se 马铃薯种植区面积为 1050. 11 km2,富 Se 玉米种植区面积 19. 19 km2。该认识可为当地富硒农产品种植区规划及作物种植调整提供依据。  相似文献   

5.
赵晓东  杨少春  鞠小玉  陈刚强  许涛 《地质论评》2021,67(2):67030014-67030015
通过铸体薄片、AxioVision图像分析、岩芯常规分析、地层水测试等方法,在明确了碳酸盐胶结物类型的基础上,采用多方法进行了碳酸盐胶结物含量的测定,探讨了准噶尔盆地车排子地区北部沙湾组碳酸盐胶结物差异性分布控制因素,并揭示了其对储层物性、油水分布的影响。研究表明,车北地区沙湾组储层中发育大量的早期碳酸盐胶结物,不均匀充填部分原生粒间孔,具有强烈的非均质性;在岩芯常规测定碳酸盐胶结物含量的基础上,利用多次数、多视域的AxioVision图像分析补充测定了碳酸盐胶结物含量,与岩芯常规测定结果对比相对误差-0.14,弥补了数据点的不足。碳酸盐胶结物含量平面上具有“北高南低”的差异性分布特征,胶结物形成于封闭性好、水体交替停滞的还原环境中,地层水Ca2+含量的差异决定了碳酸盐胶结物分布的差异,而地层水Ca2+含量的差异主要受古地貌控制,古高地水体较浅易富集Ca2+是CaCO3沉淀的良好场所,沉积微相在局部井区起到一定的控制作用。碳酸盐胶结物差异性导致研究区储层物性具有“双峰值”特征,并造成了高黏超稠油油藏复杂的油水分布关系。  相似文献   

6.
我国遗迹化石研究的新进展   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
杨式溥 《地质论评》1985,31(3):197-203
遗迹化石学近年来在国际上取得显著的成绩,特别是把遗迹化石作为古生态学的一个部分用来解释沉积环境,研究造迹生物的活动习性同环境条件的关系,使遗迹化石的研究同古生物学、地层学、沉积岩石学和古生态学都发生密切的联系。生物遗迹在沉积物中形成的生物扰动和生物  相似文献   

7.
苏浙皖交境地区沉积了一套岩性比较稳定的早石炭世地层——金陵组 ,保存于该套地层中的生物化石有腕足类和孢粉化石。孢粉组合中的主要分子 Densosporites、Cymbosporites、Dibolisporites、L ycospora通常分布在早石炭世 ,可与我国许多地区 (如新疆准噶尔盆地滴水泉组 )的孢粉组合对比 ,反映该区金陵组属早石炭世杜内期(Toum aisian)沉积物。综合生物化石和岩石学特征 (包括沉积构造、岩石组分等 )的研究 ,金陵组为海陆交互相沉积环境。  相似文献   

8.
新疆天山北麓、准噶尔盆地南缘陆相二叠、三叠系发育完好,尤以乌鲁木齐仓房沟至吉木萨尔一带剖面连续、化石丰富,是研究我国陆相二叠、三叠系层型剖面和层型界线的理想地区之一。据新疆地层表上二叠统至下三叠统的地层层序自上而下为:  相似文献   

9.
下扬子区下三叠统遗迹化石及其环境意义   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
刘泽均  王文彬 《地层学杂志》1990,14(3):203-208,T002
<正> 遗迹化石是地质时期各类生物在生活期间进行居住、运动、寻食、代谢和生殖等行为习性活动,在沉积物表面或其内部留下的各种痕迹。作为重要的生物标志,遗迹化石可用来判别和恢复古代沉积环境。近年来,笔者在下扬子区的宿松、贵池、泾县、宁国、宜兴等地(图1)的下三叠统,发现大量遗迹化石。本文从遗迹化石组合特征出发,讨论遗迹化石与沉积环境之间的关系。承杨式溥教授鉴定遗迹化石标本,在此深表谢忱。  相似文献   

10.
先伊迪卡拉期的淮南生物群   总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17       下载免费PDF全文
在廿世纪中叶以前,人们对于先寒武纪的生物化石发现得很少,除藻类遗迹化石及一些可疑化石外,几乎没有什么可靠的生物化石。与此相反,在古生代地层中,特别是在早寒武世的地层中,却发现了极其丰富的发育较为高级的多门类的生物化石。当时,人们为了解释这种所谓突变现象,就提出了多种假说。但是,在廿世纪中叶以后,随着生产的发展和科学研究的深入,陆续地在晚先寒武纪地层中,发现了许多较大的生物化石、微古植物与微体化石等。由于晚先寒武纪生物化石资料的不断丰富,使得“灾变说”等不攻自破了。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

13.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

16.
正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)  相似文献   

17.
正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,  相似文献   

18.
正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)  相似文献   

19.
正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-  相似文献   

20.
正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with  相似文献   

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