X6O22铣床的一项改革

原X6022卧式铣床，由于工作台的升降、横向移动不能自动进刀，大大限制了使用范围。为适应地质机械修配需要，扩大机床使用范围，提高生产效率，我们将原X6022卧式铣床改为卧、立两用铣床，主要增加了一个可以旋转360度的立铣头。     

High-pressure behaviour along the jadeite NaAlSi2O6–aegirine NaFeSi2O6 solid solution up to 10 GPa

The volume variation as a function of pressure along the jadeite–aegirine solid solution was determined at room temperature up to pressures between 6.5 and 9.7 GPa by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The unit-cell volumes collected at room pressure for the different compositions indicate a slight deviation from linearity along the join. The pressure–volume data have been fitted using a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (BM3-EoS). The bulk modulus, K _T0, varies from 134.0(7) GPa for pure jadeite to 116.1(5) GPa for pure aegirine. Its evolution with composition along the join is not linear and can be described by the following second order polynomial:

High-pressure behaviour of Ca-rich C 2 /c clinopyroxenes along the join diopside-enstatite (CaMgSi2O6-Mg2Si2O6)

 An in situ high-pressure (HP) X-ray diffraction investigation of synthetic diopside and of the Ca_0.8Mg_1.2Si₂O₆ clinopyroxene (Di₈₀En₂₀) was performed up to respectively P=40.8 and 15.1 GPa, using high brilliance synchrotron radiation. The compression of the cell parameters is markedly anisotropic, with β_b ⋙ β_c > β_a > β_asinβ for any pressure range and for both diopside and Di₈₀En₂₀. The compressibility along the crystallographic axes decreases significantly with pressure and is higher in Di₈₀En₂₀ than in diopside. The β cell parameter decreases as well with pressure, at a higher rate in Di₈₀En₂₀. The cell volume decreases at almost the same rate for the two compositions, since in diopside a higher compression along a* occurs. A change in the mechanism of deformation at P higher than about 5–10 GPa is suggested for both compositions from the analysis of the strain induced by compression. In diopside at lower pressures, the deformation mainly occurs, at a similar rate, along the b axis and at a direction 145° from the c axis on the (0 1 0) plane. At higher pressures, instead, the deformation occurs mostly along the b axis. In Di₈₀En₂₀ the orientation of the strain axes is the same as in diopside. The substitution of Ca with Mg in the M2 site induces at a given pressure a higher deformation on (0 1 0) with respect to diopside, but a similar change in the compressional behaviour is found. Changes in the M2 polyhedron with pressure can explain the above compressional behaviour. A third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state was fit to the retrieved volumes, with K=105.1(9) GPa, K′=6.8(1) for diopside and K=107.3(1.4) GPa, K′=5.7(3) for Di₈₀En₂₀; the same equation can be applied for any pressure range. The elasticity of diopside is therefore not significantly affected by Mg substitution into the M2 site, in contrast to the significant stiffening occurring for Ca substitution into Mg-rich orthopyroxenes. Received: 3 January 2000 / Accepted: 21 May 2000     

Solid solubility in the system NaLREETi2O6– ThTi2O6 (LREE, light rare-earth elements): experimental and analytical data

The existence of an incomplete solid solution series between loparite (NaLREETi₂O₆), a member of the perovskite mineral group, and thorutite (ThTi₂O₆) is established on the basis of experimental and mineralogical data. The products of low- and high-pressure synthesis in the system NaLaTi₂O₆– ThTi₂O₆ were studied by energy-dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry and Rietveld analysis. At atmospheric pressure, Th is incorporated in loparite as both ThTi₂O₆ and Na₂ThTi₃O₉. In synthetic systems, the maximum determined ThTi₂O₆ content of loparite is 18 mol%, with a corresponding A-site cation deficiency of 9%. The structure of such loparite is tetragonal and presumably derived from the cubic aristotype by octahedral rotation [I4/mcm, a=5.4652(1) Å, c=7.7476(2) Å]. At a pressure of 6 GPa, no solubility between loparite and ThTi₂O₆ is observed, and Th is accommodated in the loparite structure entirely as Na₂ThTi₃O₉ (up to 30 mol%). Naturally occurring loparite contains up to 29 mol% ThTi₂O₆, based on the conventional method of analysis recalculation, or 23.5 mol% ThTi₂O₆, assuming the presence of protons at the vacant A-sites. ThTi₂O₆ synthesized by the solid-state reaction, crystallizes with monoclinic symmetry [C2/m, a=9.8140(2) Å, b=3.8228(1) Å, c=7.0313(2) Å,β=118.82(1)°]. Atomic coordinates for ThTi₂O₆ obtained in this study from X-ray powder data, as well as structural parameters derived from the new data, are in a good agreement with those known from single-crystal refinement. ThTi₂O₆ does not crystallize at high pressure, and Th is accommodated in perovskite-type compounds and cubic ThO₂ that provide a twelve- and eight-fold coordination site for Th, respectively.     

The high-pressure C2/c–P21/c phase transition along the LiAlSi2O6–LiGaSi2O6 solid solution

Two synthetic single-crystals with composition Li(Al_0.53Ga_0.47)Si₂O₆ and LiGaSi₂O₆ and space group C2/c at room conditions have been studied under pressure by means of X-ray diffraction using a diamond anvil cell. The unit-cell parameters were determined at 12 and 10 different pressures up to P = 8.849 and P = 7.320 GPa for Li(Al_0.53Ga_0.47)Si₂O₆ and LiGaSi₂O₆, respectively. The sample with mixed composition shows a C2/c to P2₁/c phase transformation between 1.814 and 2.156 GPa, first-order in character. The transition is characterised by a large and discontinuous decrease in the unit-cell volume and by the appearance of the b-type reflections (h + k = odd) typical of the primitive symmetry. The Ga end-member shows the same C2/c to P2₁/c transformation at a pressure between 0.0001 and 0.39 GPa. The low-pressure value at which the transition occurred did not allow collecting any data in the C2/c pressure stability field except that on room pressure. Our results compared with those relative to spodumene (LiAlSi₂O₆, Arlt and Angel 2000a) indicate that the substitution of Al for Ga at the M1 site of Li-clinopyroxenes strongly affects the transition pressure causing a decrease from 3.17 GPa (spodumene) to less than 0.39 GPa (LiGaSi₂O₆) and decreases the volume discontinuity at the transition. As already found for other compounds, the C2/c low-pressure phases are more rigid than the P2₁ /c high-pressure ones. Moreover, the increase of the M1 cation radius causes a decrease in the bulk modulus K _T0. The axial compressibility among the Li-bearing clinopyroxenes indicates that the c axis is the most rigid for the C2/c phases while it becomes the most compressible for the P2₁ /c phases.     

Nuclear and incommensurate magnetic structure of NaFeGe2O6 between 5?K and 298?K and new data on multiferroic NaFeSi2O6

The compound NaFeGe₂O₆ was grown synthetically as polycrystalline powder and as large single crystals suitable for X-ray and neutron-diffraction experiments to clarify the low temperature evolution of secondary structural parameters and to determine the low temperature magnetic spins structure. NaFeGe₂O₆ is isotypic to the clinopyroxene-type compound aegirine and adopts the typical HT-C2/c clinopyroxene structure down to 2.5?K. The Na-bearing M2 polyhedra were identified to show the largest volume expansion between 2.5?K and room temperature, while the GeO₄ tetrahedra behave as stiff units. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show a broad maximum around 33?K, which marks the onset of low-dimensional magnetic ordering. Below 12?K NaFeGe₂O₆ transforms to an incommensurately modulated magnetic spin state, with k?=?[0.323, 1.0, 0.080] and a helical order of spins within the M1-chains of FeO₆ octahedra. This is determined by neutron-diffraction experiments on a single crystal. Comparison of NaFeGe₂O₆ with NaFeSi₂O₆ is given and it is shown that the magnetic ordering in the latter compound, aegirine, also is complex and is best described by two different spin states, a commensurate one with C2??/c?? symmetry and an incommensurate one, best being described by a spin density wave, oriented within the (1 0 1) plane.     

全国工程勘察设计行业国庆6O周年突出贡献协会工作者大奖

优秀的协会工作者是组织协会各项活动的中坚,是为行业发展提供服务的典型,是反映会员单位诉求的桥梁,是规范市场行为的哨兵。     

Vladimirivanovite, Na6Ca2[Al6Si6O24](SO4,S3,S2,Cl)2 · H2O, a new mineral of sodalite group

The results of an examination of vladimirivanovite, a new mineral of the sodalite group, found at the Tultui deposit in the Baikal region are discussed. The mineral occurs in the form of outer rims (0.01–3 mm thick) of lazurite, elongated segregations without faced crystals (0.2 to 3–4 mm in size; less frequently, 4 × 12–15 × 20 mm), and rare veinlets (up to 5 mm) hosted in calciphyre and marble. Vladimirivanovite is irregular and patchy dark blue. The mineral is brittle; on average, the microhardness VHN is 522–604, 575 kg/mm²; and the Mohs hardness is 5.0–5.5. The measured and calculated densities are 2.48(3) and 2.436 g/cm³, respectively. Vladimirivanovite is optically biaxial; 2V _meas = 63(±1)°, 2V _calc = 66.2°; the refractive indices are α = 1.502–1.507 (±0.002), N _m = 1.509–1.514 (±0.002), and N _g = 1.512–1.517 (±0.002). The chemical composition is as follows, wt %: 32.59 SiO₂, 27.39 Al₂O₃, 7.66 CaO, 17.74 Na₂O, 11.37 SO₃, 1.94 S, 0.12 Cl, and 1.0 H₂O; total is 99.62. The empirical formula calculated based on (Si + Al) = 12 with sulfide sulfur determined from the charge balance is Na_6.36Ca_1.52(Si_6.03Al_5.97)_Σ12O_23.99(SO₄)_1.58(S₃)_0.17(S₂)_0.08 · Cl_0.04 · 0.62H₂O; the idealized formula is Na₆Ca₂[Al₆Si₆O₂₄](SO₄,S₃,S₂,Cl)₂ · H₂O. The new mineral is orthorhombic, space group Pnaa; the unit-cell dimensions are a = 9.066, b = 12.851, c = 38.558 Å, V = 4492 ų, and Z = 6. The strongest reflections in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (dÅ—I[hkl]) are: 6.61–5[015], 6.43–11[020, 006], 3.71–100[119, 133], 2.623–30[20.12, 240], 2.273–6[04.12], 2.141–14[159, 13.15], 1.783–9[06.12, 04.18], and 1.606–6[080, 00.24]. The crystal structure has been solved with a single crystal. The mineral was named in memoriam of Vladimir Georgievich Ivanov (1947–2002), Russian mineralogist and geochemist. The type material of the mineral is deposited at the Mineralogical Museum of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.     

Thermal expansion and high-temperature P21/c–C2/c phase transition in clinopyroxene-type LiFeGe2O6 and comparison to NaFe(Si,Ge)2O6

A synthetic clinopyroxene with composition LiFe³⁺Ge₂O₆, monoclinic s.g. P2₁/c, a = 9.8792(7), b = 8.8095(5), c = 5.3754(3) Å, β = 108.844(6)°, V = 442.75(16) ų, has been studied by in situ low- and high-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The variation of lattice parameters and the intensity of the b-type reflections (h + k = 2n + 1, only present in the P-symmetry) with increasing temperature showed a displacive phase transition from space group P2₁/c to C2/c at a transition temperature T _tr = 789 K, first order in character, with a sudden volume increase of 1.6% and a decrease of β by 1° at the transition. This spontaneous dilatation is reversible, shows a limited hysteresis of ±10°C, and corresponds to the vanishing of the b-type reflections, thus indicating a symmetry increase to space group C2/c. Below T _tr an expansion is observed for all the cell parameters, while the β angle remained almost constant; at T > T _tr the thermal volume expansion is due to dilatation of the structure in the $(\bar{1}\,0\,1) A synthetic clinopyroxene with composition LiFe³⁺Ge₂O₆, monoclinic s.g. P2₁/c, a = 9.8792(7), b = 8.8095(5), c = 5.3754(3) ?, β = 108.844(6)°, V = 442.75(16) ?³, has been studied by in situ low- and high-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The variation of lattice parameters and the intensity of the b-type reflections (h + k = 2n + 1, only present in the P-symmetry) with increasing temperature showed a displacive phase transition from space group P2₁/c to C2/c at a transition temperature T _tr = 789 K, first order in character, with a sudden volume increase of 1.6% and a decrease of β by 1° at the transition. This spontaneous dilatation is reversible, shows a limited hysteresis of ±10°C, and corresponds to the vanishing of the b-type reflections, thus indicating a symmetry increase to space group C2/c. Below T _tr an expansion is observed for all the cell parameters, while the β angle remained almost constant; at T > T _tr the thermal volume expansion is due to dilatation of the structure in the ([`1] 0 1)(\bar{1}\,0\,1) plane, mostly along [0 1 0], and pure shear in the (0 1 0) plane due to the decrease of β. From comparison with silicate analogues, the germanate clinopyroxenes are more expansible, while the P2₁/c expands more than the C2/c phase. The evolution of Q ² (calculated as the normalized intensity of b-type reflections) with T in the framework of the Landau theory has been done using a standard expression for a first order phase transition. We observe a jump of Q ₀² = 0.538(2) at T _tr, with T _c of 481(7) K, b/a = −2,290 K, and c/a = 3,192 K, and thus far from being tri-critical point. A closely related composition (LiFe³⁺Si₂O₆) shows an equivalent phase transition at 228 K, which is very close to the tri-critical point and 561 K cooler. This result indicates that a change in the composition of tetrahedral sites can have dramatic effects on the P2₁/c ↔ C2/c displacive phase transition in clinopyroxenes. The major changes observed in the evolution of the crystal structure with T are observed in the M2 polyhedron, with a volume decrease by ca. 13.3%, compared to ca. 1.3% observed in the M1 polyhedron. The tetrahedra behave as rigid units with neither a significant change of volume at T > T _tr (<1‰), nor a change of tilting of the basal plane. No change in coordination is observed at T > T _tr in the M2 polyhedron, which remains sixfold coordinated although a strong deformation of this polyhedron is observed. This deformation is related to a strong change by 51.4° at T _tr of the kinking angle (O3–O3–O3 angle) of the B-chain of tetrahedra, which switches from O-rotated to S-rotated [from 143.3(5)° to 194.7(6)°]. The A-chain is S-rotated at T < T _tr [206.8(5)° at 703 K] and extends by 12° at the transition.     

A study on the effects of drying conditions on the stability of NaNd(CO3)2·6H2O and NaEu(CO3)2·6H2O

The effect of different drying conditions on the stability of NaNd(CO₃)·6H₂O and NaEu(CO₃)·6H₂O and the identity of the decomposition product have been investigated. The rate of decomposition and the nature of the altered phases are dependant on the drying conditions used. When the phases are oven dried at 120 °C, the decomposition is immediate and the phase completely alters to Nd₂(CO₃)₃ or Eu₂(CO₃)₃ respectively. Under less severe drying conditions, the Na rare earth carbonate phases alter to Nd₂(CO₃)₃·8H₂O and Eu₂(CO₃)₃·8H₂O over a period of 24–48 h, but they can be kept indefinitely in a water saturated environment. The implications for using Nd and Eu as actinide analogues are discussed.     

Kasatkinite, Ba2Ca8B5Si8O32(OH)3 · 6H2O6, a new mineral from the Bazhenovskoe deposit, the Central Urals, Russia

A new mineral, kasatkinite, Ba₂Ca₈B₅Si₈O₃₂(OH)₃ · 6H₂O, has been found at the Bazhenovskoe chrysotile asbestos deposit, the Central Urals, Russia in the cavities in rhodingite as a member of two assemblages: (l) on prehnite, with pectolite, calcite, and clinochlore; and (2) on grossular, with diopside and pectolite. Kasatkinite occurs as spherulites or bunches up to 3 mm in size, occasionally combined into crusts. Its individuals are acicular to hair-like, typically split, with a polygonal cross section, up to 0.5 mm (rarely, to 6 mm) in length and to 20 μm in thickness. They consist of numerous misoriented needle-shaped subindividuals up to several dozen μm long and no more than 1 μm thick. Kasatkinite individuals are transparent and colorless; its aggregates are snow white. The luster is vitreous or silky. No cleavage was observed; the fracture is uneven or splintery for aggregates. Individuals are flexible and elastic. The Mohs’ hardness is 4–4.5. D _meas = 2.95(5), D _calc = 2.89 g/cm³. Kasatkinite is optically biaxial (+), α = 1.600(5), β = 1.603(2), γ = 1.626(2), 2V _meas = 30(20)°, 2V _calc = 40°. The IR spectrum is given. The ¹¹B MAS NMR spectrum shows the presence of BO₄ in the absence of BO₃ groups. The chemical composition of kasatkinite (wt %; electron microprobe, H₂O by gas chromatography) is as follows: 0.23 Na₂O, 0.57 K₂O, 28.94 CaO, 16.79 BaO, 11.57 B₂O₃, 0.28 Al₂O₃, 31.63 SiO₂, 0.05 F, 9.05 H₂O, ?0.02 ?O=F₂; the total is 99.09. The empirical formula (calculated on the basis of O + F = 41 apfu, taking into account the TGA data) is: Na_0.11K_0.18Ba_1.66Ca_7.84B_5.05Al_0.08Si_8.00O_31.80(OH)_3.06F_0.04 · 6.10H₂O. Kasatkinite is monoclinic, space group P2₁/c, P2/c, or Pc; the unit-cell dimensions are a = 5.745(3), b = 7.238(2), c = 20.79 (1) Å, β = 90.82(5)°, V = 864(1) ų, Z = 1. The strongest reflections (d Å–I[hkl]) in the X-ray powder diffractions pattern are: 5.89–24[012], 3.48–2.1[006], 3.36–24[114]; 3.009–100[ $12\bar 1$ , 121, $10\bar 6$ ], 2.925–65[106, $12\bar 2$ , 122], 2.633–33[211, 124], 2.116–29[ $13\bar 3$ , 133, 028]. Kasatkinite is named in honor of A.V. Kasatkin (b. 1970), a Russian amateur mineralogist and mineral collector who has found this mineral. Type specimen is deposited in the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.     

Na_2O或Na_2SiF_6影响硅酸盐熔浆粘度值的实验研究

本文通过不同的熔融温度下Na_2O或Na_2Si F_6影响硅酸盐熔浆粘度值的实验研究,分析了火山岩熔浆分异的机制,提出了富铁高钠质硅酸盐熔浆分异为富铁熔浆甚至硫铁矿“流”的可能性。这一论点合理地解释了云南大红山矿区Ⅱ富铁矿体的成因。     

MAPGIS 6.O平台地学断面图形数据库向ARC/INFO 8.1平台的转换

对MAPGIS地学断面数据文件转换成ARC/INFO的数据文件的几种途径进行了探讨,指出了在转换大数据量过程中存在的问题和局限性,并在大量转换实验基础上,得出最优的解决方案.在数据转换时,点文件在MAPGIS平台下转换成E00格式,通过在ARC/INFO的ArcToolbox中选择工具将Interchange格式转换成Coverage格式;线和区文件在MAPGIS平台上转换为MIF文件,在ARC/INFO的ArcToolbox中选择工具将MIF格式转换成Shapefile格式.     

The effects of sulfur intercalation on the optical properties of artificial ‘hackmanite’, Na8[Al6Si6O24]Cl1.8S0.1; ‘sulfosodalite’, Na8[Al6Si6O24]S; and natural tugtupite, Na8[Be2Al2Si8O24](Cl,S)2?δ

The minerals ??hackmanite?? and tugtupite exhibit tenebrescence (reversible photochromism) and photoluminescence. These features are generally attributed to the presence of sulfide species within their structures. But how these optical properties might be affected by intercalating additional amounts of sulfur into their structures was until now unknown. Artificial ??hackmanite??, Na₈[Al₆Si₆O₂₄]Cl_1.8S_0.1, and ??sulfosodalite??, Na₈[Al₆Si₆O₂₄]S, were heated with sulfur in evacuated quartz-glass ampoules over the temperature range 450?C1,050°C. This work has shown that sulfur intercalation into Na₈[Al₆Si₆O₂₄]Cl_1.8S_0.1 destroys the tenebrescence and induces a permanently pale blue and, at higher temperature, a pale green coloration. The effect on Na₈[Al₆Si₆O₂₄]S induced similar colorations but of a deeper hue. Annealing tugtupite, Na₈[Be₂Al₂Si₈O₂₄](Cl,S)_2??? under a sulfur atmosphere over the range 600?C700°C, destroyed the tenebrescence and resulted in a colorless tugtupite; but did not effect the photoluminescence. This suggests that the chemical species responsible for the tenebrescence in tugtupite is unlikely to be the same as that for the luminescence.     

O型乳化油实验

在毛主席革命路线指引下,在桂林地质研究所大力支持和指导下,我公司934队自力更生,通过摸索,制造成功一种0型减阻剂,解决了金刚石在白云岩地层钻进中糊钻问题。已打完了一个837米的钻孔,质量达到地质要求,为某矿区研究地质构造提供了第一个深孔资料。     

湖南省地质局郴具地质队“五四”青年号钻机6O年年进两万米的倡议书

当前我们的国家正在高速度的向前发展,全国人民在党的正确领导下,特别是党的八届八中全会的鼓午下,积极投入反右倾、鼓干劲、励行增产节约的轰轰烈烈的群众运动。59年在58年特大跃进的基础上又取得了伟大的胜利。     

鄂尔多斯盆地巴汗淖地区马五_6段碳酸盐岩C、O同位素特征及其成岩意义

鄂尔多斯盆地北部巴汗淖地区马五6段为风化壳型碳酸盐岩地层,岩性以鲕粒灰岩、晶粒白云岩为主,次生孔隙发育,是重要的油气储集层。采用Finnigan MAT252气体同位素质谱仪分别对该段碳酸盐岩进行C、O同位素测试,详细分析了巴汗淖地区马五6段碳酸盐岩成岩环境及孔隙演化条件。样品分析结果表明:埋藏高温成岩环境使得δ18O值与奥陶纪海水的δ18O值相比明显偏负,且白云岩δ18O值与灰岩δ18O值相比偏负,主要是埋藏白云石化作用的结果;δ13C值与奥陶纪海水δ13C值相当,极个别数值偏负,说明研究区马五6段在成岩作用过程中受有机碳影响较小,表明成岩作用发生在浅-中埋藏条件下。研究区孔隙度、渗透率的相关关系明显,主要是大气淡水成岩作用的改造,优化了孔隙及渗流通道,提高了储层的物性。