哈萨克斯坦B区块三叠系储层沉积相研究

通过收集整理各种分析测试资料、钻井岩芯资料,结合前期研究成果,对测井资料和地震资料进行综合研究,从岩石学、测井相、地震相等几个具体方面来对沉积相进行分析和研究。得出工区内部以间歇性物源为主,主要来自下区内各个盐构造高部的沉积物源体系,即盐构造的持续隆升活动是区内物源体系的主导因素。同时,综合地震属性分析、地震－岩相分析等资料,明确了研究区内主要发育了冲积扇、冲积平原和间歇性河流等沉积相     

Variations in Radon Activity in the Groundwater of the Southern Baikal Region: Emanation Response of Earthquakes

Doklady Earth Sciences - The results of study of the emanation response to large seismic events within the Baikal region for a year are study. In the course of this study, monitoring of the...     

航空重磁综合测量在准噶尔油气资源调查中的应用

为满足油气资源调查需要、查明准噶尔盆地基底结构、提供新的油气有利勘探区,中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心在准噶尔盆地中西部开展了航空重磁综合调查。通过项目实施,在国内首次实现了航空重磁综合测量,共采集大比例尺(1:5万)高质量航空重磁数据6.6万测线公里,填补了调查区内大比例尺高精度航空重磁资料的空白,查明了调查区内航空重力场与磁力场特征,为开展基础地质研究和油气资源评价提供了重磁依据,夯实了航空重磁联合测量和综合地质应用研究的基础。     

Evaluation of image processing methods for geological interpretation in the different environments in Libya

This study evaluates the use of image processing techniques and methodologies of digital integration of multi-disciplinary geoscientific data to reduce the ambiguity in geological interpretations in different geological environments in Libya. To realize this objective, three areas were selected for this study; Eljufra, an arid environment; the mountainous environment Tarhunah; and the Jifara Plain, a coastal plain environment. Two types of remote sensing data were used in this study: Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and European Remote Sensing Satellite. The digital elevation model extracted from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and digital topographic maps scale 1:50,000 were used for remote sensing interpretation. GIS and remote sensing-based methods were used to process and integrate all raster and vector layers data. This study offered dramatic benefits for geological interpretations and provided new insights into the efficiency of image processing methods in different geological environments.     

Impact of royalties from forest resources on community development in Boki Local Government in Cross River State,Nigeria

The purpose of the study was to examine the extent to which royalties generated from forest resources contributed to community development in Boki Local Government area of Cross River State, Nigeria. The study used questionnaire survey of house-hold heads and Interview with focus groups to obtain data for this study. A total of 224 household heads representing 20 % of the available house-hold heads in the area was used for the study. The data collected were presented using tables and charts while an inferential statistics (Pearson’s Product Moment correlation) was employed to test the hypothesis of the study. The result of the analysis revealed that there exist a positive correlation coefficient of 0.911 which indicates a strong and positive relationship between royalties collected from forest resources and the number of developmental projects in the study area. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that more efforts be directed towards the monitoring and regulation of forest resource exploration activities in the area to ensure that royalties collected are directed towards the establishment of more developmental projects in the area so as to impact more positively on the living standard of the people.     

塔河地区西南部古生界东河塘组油气运移痕迹研究

通过塔河地区西南部古生界东河塘组岩心油显示及含油薄片分析,以及首次应用红外光谱石油基团成份测定技术,对该地区东河塘组油气运移痕迹做了一次系统的研究。结果表明:东河塘组油气具有同源性;轻质油成份南北有所差异,重油或沥青与轻质油分属不同期的产物;北部井多分布重质油和沥青,向南减少,轻质油增加,北部和中北部井多出现水驱特征。在运移痕迹研究的基础上,结合地质背景及前人的研究成果,分析了石油的运移路径,为建立正确的油气运聚模式提供依据。红外光谱法对研究运移痕迹很有效,应该成为今后油气运移研究技术方法之一。     

中国西南地区降水氢氧同位素研究进展与展望

中国西南地区属典型的季风气候, 降水的水汽来源及其影响因素非常复杂. 通过检索西南地区有关降水氢氧同位素的文献, 对西南三省一市降水氢氧同位素研究进行了综述. 从已开展研究的区域和站点、 主要采用的样品采集与分析方法、 主要的研究内容(同位素组成、 大气降水线、 氘盈余)和水汽来源、 影响因素以及区内的空间差异等几方面进行总结, 并对今后西南地区降水氢氧同位素的研究进行展望, 为研究区域降水氢氧同位素的进一步研究提供科学指导.     

江苏南部区域航磁异常特征及其地质意义

以江苏南部1∶50万航磁资料为基础,通过对区内岩矿石磁性特征的归纳与分析,对区内航磁异常形成的地质因素作了讨论,并对区内航磁异常进行了分类、分区及地质解释。通过进一步对区内航磁资料的数据处理,对区内深变质磁性基底面的埋深、形态特征及其地质意义作了讨论,对区内构造岩基带平面分布及垂向分布特征,特别是对长江断裂带也一并作了推断解释。     

Distribution characteristics of tritium in the soil in Beishan area of Gansu Province

Beishan region in Gansu was the preselected area for China’s high-level radioactive waste (HLW) repository. In selecting and evaluating a new dump site, the tritium study is of great significance. The Xinchang-Xiangyangshan preselected area in the Beishan area was taken as an example. This paper selects typical unit and tries to use the distribution characteristics of tritium in the soil to study the atmospheric precipitation infiltration recharge in this area. The results show: In this region, the spatial variability of the tritium content in surface soil is large; it is feasible to use bound tritium tracer method to study the theory of atmospheric precipitation infiltration recharge; the atmospheric precipitation infiltration has close relationship with the soil particle composition, salt content, mineral composition, water content and organic matter content. These results can provide important basis for developing the atmospheric precipitation infiltration recharge, groundwater numerical simulation, nuclide migration study and so on.     

Climate change risks for severe storms in developing countries in the context of poverty and inequality in Cambodia

Least developed countries are generally regarded as particularly sensitive to climate change due to among other vulnerable locations and low adaptation capabilities. In the present study, we address climate change hazards in least developed countries by presenting a methodological framework, which is suitable for the estimation damage costs as a function of risk aversion, equality, income distribution and climate scenario using state-of-the-art climate model projections. As a case study, the methodology is applied to study severe storms in Cambodia based on two future climate scenarios and data on historical damages from storm events, which are used as a proxy in performing a sensitivity analysis on all input parameters. For the assumptions and parameter ranges used here, the study shows a high sensitivity to the income distribution (reflected by discount rates) and risk aversion and smaller effects from equality measures and extreme wind climate scenario. We emphasize that the assumptions on risk aversion reflecting consumption smoothing possibilities of low-income households clearly depicts that climate risks can be particularly high as a consequence of poverty and therefore recommend that context-specific vulnerabilities and equity concerns in climate risk studies should be included when making assessments for least developed countries.     

Revealing information and equipment redundancies in air pollution monitoring networks in Turkey

Air pollution monitoring networks are the primary tools for measuring, managing and assessing air quality. However, these networks need considerable financial resources due to expensive devices and analyses, as well as such issues as the likely redundancy in the number of samples. The primary objective of this study was to identify possible information and equipment redundancies in Turkish monitoring networks. Thus, it is expected that the results of this study may help reduce air pollution monitoring expenses and increase monitoring efficiency. For this purpose, the Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm and time series analyses were used. This study has two novelties. First, this is the first study to be conducted for this purpose in Turkey. Further, Dickey–Fuller test statistics and model parameters have not been used as clustering variables before. Thus, it is expected that both stochastic behavior and concentration levels of PM₁₀ time series will be reflected simultaneously, and similarities among monitoring stations will be better identified.     

江苏省无机材料专业测试服务中心研究方向探讨

介绍了江苏省无机材料专业测试服务中心建设的背景、作用、功能和研究方向,从测试新技术在材料领域的应用研究、新材料分析测试标准方法和标准物质的研究、非金属材料物化性能研究、生态环境测试技术研究、应对国际贸易技术壁垒等方面入手,详细叙述了中心正在或将要开展的研究领域和方向,旨在更好为地方经济建设提供技术支持和技术服务功能。     

黄河流域分布式水文模型初步研究与进展

结合国家重点基础研究规划项目"黄河流域水资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理"的研究,综述了黄河流域分布式水文模型研究的主要进展,包括分布式水文模型的特点和基本结构、分布式水文模型中的数字高程模型(DEM)和水文学基础、地理信息系统(GIS)和遥感(RS)在分布式水文模拟中的应用等方面的内容,对未来分布式水文模型的研究提出几点认识。     

土壤中重金属形态分析方法研究

介绍了一种重金属形态分析连续多级提取新方法,用国家一级标样进行试验研究,并用国际标样做对比研究,表明该方法具有分组合理、更接近自然状态、操作简便易行、数据稳定可靠的特点,可为土壤环境中的重金属形态的研究及其环境危险评价提供更精确的元素信息。     

三维建模技术在湖南花垣铅锌找矿中的应用

湖南花垣铅锌矿床位于上扬子地块东南缘,鄂湘黔深大断裂北西侧,其地质特征和规模类似于美国的MVT型铅锌矿床.区内控矿要素主要为地层、岩相和构造,主要赋矿地层为寒武系下统清虚洞组中段的藻礁灰岩地层,控矿岩相为台地边缘浅滩亚相,主要控矿构造为花垣—张家界大断裂.通过建立矿区和区域2个尺度的三维模型,综合分析了研究区的地质特点及成矿规律,为进一步探测隐伏矿床提供了基础.     

我国古环境中炭屑的研究现状与展望

炭屑是恢复古火灾的一个重要手段,同时也为认识古气候、古植被和古地理提供了重要途径.从炭屑研究方法和应用两个方面总结了国内近年来炭屑研究的进展,提出了炭屑研究中尚需解决的问题,展望未来研究的前景.炭屑的分析方法和现代过程研究可能是今后研究中急需解决的问题,这两个问题的解决可以使炭屑在古环境和人类活动研究中充分发挥其作用....     

重稠油非烃馏分含氮硫氧化合物的综合色谱分离方法

原油及油源岩非烃馏分的研究是有机地球化学的薄弱环节，至于有关重要稠油非烃馏分的地球化学研究报道更是寥寥无几。本研究结果表明重稠油非烃馏分含氮硫氧化合物的色谱分离分析方法主要与重稠油非烃馏分含氮化合物的种类，分子量和化学性质有关，因此分离方案常常是多步色谱分离方法的有机组合。本采用多步分离，梯度洗脱的综合色谱分离方案，目的在于将主要杂原子化合物与组成原油总体的烃类和含硫芳香化合物分开，减少非烃杂原子与吸附剂的持续时间，该方案能很好的兼顾重调油中化合物种类多、分子量跨度大、极性变化范围大等特性，并且有效地分离出重现性好可用于地球化学研究的含NSO类化合物。这种方案将会给重稠油非烃组分化学研究带来一次飞跃。     

音频大地电磁法在贵州遵义隐伏锰矿找矿勘查中的应用

贵州遵义锰矿是我国二叠纪重要的锰矿床类型之一。近年来,遵义锰矿浅部资源日趋枯竭,找矿工作从浅部转向了深部,对隐伏锰矿的找矿迫在眉睫。在找寻隐伏锰矿中,原有的找矿勘查方法遇到了瓶颈,本文在结合大量地质研究的基础上,基于深部地层、构造、含矿岩系的电性差异,在研究区首次应用音频大地电磁法对隐伏锰矿体开展探索研究。研究发现,通过精细化的数据反演,该方法能够较好地反映研究区深部地层、构造及含矿岩系的展布特征,并部署钻探验证,所揭露的岩矿层位、构造特征和音频大地电磁法解译吻合程度较高。该方法可推广到研究区及其同类型区域的锰矿找矿勘查中,是锰矿找矿预测的有效方法之一。     

Grinding of quartz in amine solutions

This study, initiated to investigate the effect of additions of surface active reagents on the wet-grinding of ores, has shown that improved grinding can be obtained at certain levels of amine concentration and pH. At some other levels, amine addition can also produce deleterious effects. The observed effects are discussed with the help of data obtained for flocculation and zeta potential of corresponding quartz/amine systems and those normally obtained for flotation. In addition, results of a photographic study of the milling process has been helpful in the study of the above effects. Most importantly, microscopic examination of the ground product (treated with dispersant and sieved) has clearly shown the possibilities for the existence of major experimental artifacts in the past works. Examination of the product under microscope is necessary to guarantee dispersion, especially if the system has been contacted with a surfactant or polymer.     

山东省青州市表层土壤硒元素地球化学特征

为研究山东省青州市表层土壤硒元素地球化学特征,在青州市按照平均5.2件/km²的密度采集了8 132件表层土壤样品,分析了硒、有机质、pH等指标。结果表明:青州市表层土壤硒含量范围在0.02~2.77 mg/kg,背景值为0.21 mg/kg(n=7 462)。研究区富硒土壤面积为140.56 km²,占研究区总面积的9.00%;足硒土壤面积为1 248.39 km²,占研究区总面积的79.93%;潜在硒不足土壤面积为148.45 km²,占研究区总面积的9.50%;硒缺乏土壤面积为24.52 km²,占研究区总面积的1.57%。不同的成土母质、土壤类型、地貌类型、土地利用类型区的表层土壤硒含量特征不同,寒武纪—奥陶纪地层成土母质区、钙质粗骨土分布区、溶蚀—切割中山地貌类型区、草地和林地土地利用类型区的表层土壤中硒相对富集。相关分析表明,研究区表层土壤中pH和硒含量无相关性,而有机质与硒含量呈显著正相关关系。