千年大上海

襟江负海的上海,是全国最大的港口城市,它既得益于江河,航运深人长江腹地;又依托海洋,航线遍达四海五洲。如今,依江海而兴的上海港,已成为我国吞吐量逾1．5亿吨的第一大港,并带动着1000多万人口的陆域上海的发展。海上生沪在大约四五千年前,今天上海地区的西部已经是陆地。在这里曾经发现过多处新石器遗址。上海的先民早就在此从事渔业和农业。据说,今天上海市的西部地区,曾是战国时春申君的领地的一部分,因而上海过去曾称为“申”。说到上海的历史,不得不先谈谈青龙镇。要说青龙镇,又必须先说吴淞江。今天的上海,位于太湖流…     

依托东营港，再圆“黄河梦”——论东营港城的建设和黄河流域经济带的振兴

依托东营港再圆“黄河梦”——论东营港城的建设和黄河流域经济带的振兴·陈强谨以此文献给人民治黄５０周年（１９４６～１９９６）改革开放以来，我国经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就，形成了一些区域性的发展中心。广州、深圳经济的急剧增和长，形成了经济贸易中...     

基于DEA模型的上海港港口与城市经济效率研究

为促进上海港港口建设以及港城一体化发展，文章采用DEA模型，分析2000—2018年上海港港口经济效率以及港口对城市经济贡献效率，并提出建议。研究结果表明:上海港港口经济综合效率大致呈上升趋势，其中2000—2006年主要受规模效率的影响，2006年后主要受纯技术效率的影响；上海港港口对城市经济贡献综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率均处于较高水平，其中综合效率的主要影响因素为纯技术效率；为此，上海港应进一步整合现有港口资源和优化港区发展格局。     

日落前的匆匆一瞥——洞里萨湖·水上浮村

<正>绝大多数游客来到柬埔寨,暹粒是最直接的目的地,在这里可以参观拜访各座巧压天工的寺庙古迹,而烟波浩渺的洞里萨湖往往会被游客错过,其实它壮观的湖景和独特的人文景致也值得你将它列入行程。在高棉文里,洞里萨湖(onle Sa)的意思为"大湖",和其他江河湖泊一样,它同样也有一个美丽的传说:传说在湖底住着一尊NAGA(七头蛇神),有一天蛇神的女儿要嫁给印度王子,但女儿仍没有体面的嫁妆,心急如焚,NAGA灵机一动,张开大嘴把洞里萨湖的湖水给吸干了,转眼间,被吸干的河床变成一大块肥沃的土地,成为女儿丰足的嫁妆。从此,NAGA一直驻守此湖,平时任凭湖水高涨,每年11月至次年4月,他便张开大嘴,用力吸尽湖水。     

团结奋进 再创辉煌——中国海洋卫星事业发展20年回顾

我国是管理海域辽阔,海岸线漫长,资源丰富的海洋大国。大力发展海洋事业,事关国家的长治久安和经济社会的可持续发展。加强对海洋的观测和了解,准确预报海洋灾害,合理开发利用海洋资源,努力保护海洋生态环境,有效维护国家海洋主权与权益,是广大海洋工作者和海洋管理部门的神圣使命和战略任务。国家海洋局从建局以来,就一直积极发展海洋科学技术,着力强化海洋观测系统建设,不断提高对海洋的持久观测能力,为海洋事业实现跨越式发展提供了强有力的支撑。     

地中海的优雅新娘——亚历山大

2300多年前,希腊的马其顿国王亚历山大四处征战,东打到波斯,南打到北非,每征服一个地方,就在那里建一座以他的名字命名的城市。至今仍能为世人所知的,是公元前332年他在埃及建立的亚历山大城,在今后的100年中,它成为了埃及的首都。如今亚历山大是埃及和非洲第二大城市,埃及最大的港口,世界第一     

不列颠群岛的细致温柔(四) 夜

<正>英国人都习惯在晚上5点钟开始为一天的夜晚做准备,小店的老板开始准备打烊,上班族们开始收拾背包,家庭主妇或者主夫们起身走进厨房,要在短时间做出一桌丰盛的晚餐,刚刚下课的大学生匆忙地跑进路边一家餐厅,快速换上餐厅的工作服,拿着白色的台布和高脚杯,开始摆放餐桌。在诺城这样的地方,它远没有北京城华灯初上的绚烂与丰富,这里日夜更迭,复制的情节,人们似乎甘愿困在诺城安静的夜色里。     

寻常渔家宿,仙境景中游

<正>每年的初夏时节,海上升起的平流雾,像丝锦般将海岛环绕,倒影随着海浪涌动,仿若轻歌曼舞,给海中的长岛平添婀娜的一面。从蓬莱港码头乘上渡轮,航行约半个小时,只见前方云浮海上,山耸云间,恍惚间以为是海市蜃楼。此时此景,远来的游客瞩目远眺,刚刚在渡轮上的拥挤与嘈杂顷刻间散尽,而船上返家的岛民却低着头忙不迭的收拾着行李,见怪不怪地念叨着:"到家了,到家了。"是的,我此行的目的地长岛到了。     

一天到晚飞翔的鱼

飞鱼“不能说的秘密”在深蓝色的海面上,突然跃出了成群的“小飞机”,它们犹如群鸟掠过海空一般,高一阵、低一阵,翱翔竟飞,景象十分壮观.这是一种中小型鱼类,因为它会“飞”,所以人们都叫它飞鱼.随着科学的发展,高速摄影揭开了飞鱼“飞行”的秘密.其实,飞鱼并不会飞翔,每当它准备离开水面时,必须在水中高速游泳,胸鳍紧贴身体两侧,...     

当河流遇到海洋

第一次涨潮过后几小时,海洋的咸水像一个大舌头,先是缓慢地,然后奔腾地进入雷瑟河.尽管表面上平静,水下面海水和淡水的相互搅混,再加上涌动的海潮,河水与海水的相互运动像任何其他的海洋一样强烈,水流涡旋的混乱使很多泥沙处于悬浮状态,很多归巢的鳗鱼在这种混乱中迷失了方向,成为海狮轻易可得的食物.     

Trends in the variation of the sea level in the lagoons of the Southeastern Baltic

This paper analyses the global tendency of the sea level rise (SLR) and its long term influence on the sea level upstream drainage cascade based on the example of the level’s variation in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea compared to the other lagoons and coastal regions of the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea. A steady positive trend in the water level variations was revealed; its magnitude varies significantly depending on the time period. In general, during the 100–150 year period, the rate of the SLR in the lagoons and coastal areas of the Baltic Sea (1.7–1.8 mm per year) is close to the SLR rate in the World Ocean. In the second half of the 20th century, the increased rate of the SLR in the lagoons and marine areas became stronger (up to 3.6 mm per year in the Vistula Lagoon and in 1959–2006 in the sea and exceeded the rate of global ocean SLR). It dramatically increased at the end of the last century both in the lagoons and in the sea (up to 10.0–15.0 mm per year). This is the response not only to the global climate warming but it is likely that it is also a response to the changes of the climate driving forces that influence the regimes of the local wind and precipitation in the catchment.     

Distribution of Pacific-origin water in the region of the Chukchi Plateau in the Arctic Ocean in the summer of 2003

1Introduction Besidestheprecipitationandriverdischarges,the watersinthePacificOceanandtheAtlanticOceanare thesourcesoftheArcticOceanwater.TheAtlantic waterenterstheArcticOceanviatheFramStraitand theBarentsSea.Foritsdenserfeatureduetohigh salinity,mostofitsinkstothenorthofSvaldbardand circulatesinallthedeepbasinsintheArcticOcean, formingthedeepandbottomwatersoftheArcticO- cean(Aagaardetal.,1985;Rudelsetal.,1999).The BeringStraitistheonlychannelforthePacificwater toflowintotheArcticOce…     

鄂霍茨克海北部沉积盆地的含油气层系

1 古新-下渐新统含油气层系 古新-始新统母岩形成于滨海和湖泊沉积环境中,并在大量冲积源的参与之下,促进了含分散有机质混合类型砂-黏土质陆源岩层的堆积。在中国东北诸盆地中,含工业油气的白垩-早第三纪建造形成于开阔的浅水和深水湖泊环境中。与中国的盆地类似,在下第三系下部     

Causes of the bottom hypoxia in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland in the baltic sea

The data on the bottom concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland obtained in 1923–1939 and in 1962–1989 were analyzed. No statistically reliable differences were found between the two periods studied. It was found that, during the 20th century, the fluctuations in the oxygen concentration were caused by the interannual variability of the winter severity and water salinity. A strong oxygen deficit in the summer was recorded after cold winters, when early freezing suppressed the vertical mixing, and/or in the years of a significant inflow of salt waters from the Baltic Sea with low oxygen contents. It is likely that the long-term dynamics of the oxygen concentration near the bottom in the open parts of the bay is determined by the large-scale variability of the hydrometeorological parameters.     

Variations in the Kinematics of Deformation in the Vicinity of the Catastrophic Sumatra Earthquake

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The Great Andaman–Sumatra earthquake (GASE) on December 26, 2004, with magnitude Mw of 9.2, occurred in the Indian Ocean near the northwestern...     

Peculiarities in the distribution of hydrocarbons in the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea

Data on the contents and compositions of the hydrocarbons (HCs)—aliphatic (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic (PAHs)—are provided in comparison with the contents of the total organic carbon (C_org), the lipids in the particulates, and the C_org in bottom sediments. Particular attention has been paid to the distribution of the HCs in the water area of the Kravtsov oil field. It has been established that the concentrations of AHCs in the water are governed by the content of particulates, and the elevated AHC concentrations are confined to the coastal areas. In the water area of platform D-6, the sandy bottom sediments were notable for the great variability of the HC concentrations, both laterally and from year to year. In the summer of 2010, the content of AHCs averaged 40 μg/g (19% in the C_org), and that of PAHs, 23 ng/g. Natural seepage from the sediment mass is considered to be a source of HCs along with oil contamination.     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

Role of the small-size fraction of mesozooplankton in the pelagic community of the northeastern part of the Black Sea in the autumn

The role of the small-size (SF; 0.1–0.5 mm) and large-size (LF; 0.5–20.0 mm) fractions in the biomass and abundance of mesozooplankton (0.1–20.0 mm) was assessed using the database of samples obtained during the cruises of RV Akvanavt in the northeastern Black Sea in November 2000 and October 2006. The mesozooplankton was collected by means of Juday nets (37/50, filtering gauze 160 μm) and Niskin bottles in two areas: (1) the shelf and continental slope (30–1480 m depth) and (2) the deep sea (depths of more than 1500 m). The plankton net was considerably less effective in collecting the SF of the mesozooplankton (by a factor of 30–36) than the Niskin bottles. When comparing the SF and LF, we estimated the abundance and biomass of the SF in the samples obtained with the Niskin bottles. The abundance of the SF in the deep-sea area was 2.5 times lower compared to the shelf and continental slope, and the LF abundance was 5.0 times lower in the same way. The abundance of the SF constituted 88% of the total mesozooplankton on the shelf and continental slope, and 78% in the deep-sea area. The biomass of the SF was higher as well on the shelf and continental slope. Meroplankton played a significant role in the SF zooplankton abundance (0.5 × 10³ + 0.16 ind. m⁻³) in this area. The SF grazing impact was 10% of the total mesozooplankton grazing on the shelf and continental slope, and 17% in the deepsea area. Appendicularia and nauplii of copepods had the greatest contribution to the mesozooplankton grazing among the SF group.     

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the regulatory regime in the management of oil pollution in Kenya

This paper presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of the regulatory regime in the management of oil pollution on Kenya's marine and coastal environment. The prospect of chronic oil pollution along the Kenyan coastline and the port of Mombasa is discussed. A review of the vulnerable marine and coastal resources, commonly used indicators of effectiveness in oil pollution management and the legislation governing oil pollution is given. The author concludes by emphasising that despite having the right legislation in place, there is need for the establishment of criteria and indicators necessary for evaluation of policy effectiveness.