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制图综合的方式制图综合的方式主要有:地图图形的概括,地图内容的选取,制图物体数量特征的概括,制图物体质量特征的概括,以集合图形代替单个地物符号。一、地图图形的概括 1.什么是地图图形地图图形是指制图物体(或现象)在地图上的形状。地形图上的地图图形有三类:①线状地物图形;②轮廓地物图形;③等高线图形。 2.概括地图图形的目的 相似文献
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公孙梦琦 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(6):68-71
新形势下,为满足地图保障服务的新需求和高要求,江苏省基础地理信息中心建设了基于制图表达知识规则的多尺度地图数据库,用于生成符合印刷要求的地图产品.在多尺度地图数据库建设过程中,要重点解决已有的完善数据成图时出现的制图符号冲突,即地图数据经过制图综合和可视化表达后,仍存在符号冲突.目前,符号冲突处理的自动化程度很低,为达到制图规范的要求,需要进行大量的人机交互工作.本文结合制图规则,利用协同移位算法,建立了符合实际需求的符号冲突处理方法模型,解决了地理数据库向地图数据库扩展过程中地图符号冲突问题,提升了多尺度地图数据库建设中符号冲突处理的质量和总体效率. 相似文献
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基于地图数据库进行自动化制图的研究和实现 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
结合实际应用,对基于地图数据库进行自动化制图工艺从技术优势、数据库建设内容、数据库制图系统功能、制图工艺等几个方面进行详细的介绍和分析. 相似文献
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计算机地图制图也可称为自动化地图制图,该技术带来的变革和对地图学产生的影响极其广泛和深刻,随着理论上的不断发展和创新,计算机地图制图已可基本代替传统的地图制图,实现了地图制图技术的历史性变革。ArcGIS 9.X是ESRI公司出品的一系列GIS软件,其技术体系对自动化地图制图技术提供了有力的支撑。本文从技术架构角度介绍.如何在ArcGIS 9.X体系中建设符合中国制图标准的自动化地图制图系统。 相似文献
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浅谈应用ArcGIS技术建设自动化地图制图系统 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
计算机地图制图也可称为自动化地图制图,该技术带来的变革和对地图学产生的影响极其广泛和深刻,随着理论上的不断发展和创新,计算机地图制图已可基本代替传统的地图制图,实现了地图制图技术的历史性变革。ArcGIS 9.X是ESRI公司出品的一系列GIS软件,其技术体系对自动化地图制图技术提供了有力的支撑。本文从技术架构角度介绍,如何在ArcGIS 9.X体系中建设符合中国制图标准的自动化地图制图系统。 相似文献
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本文介绍一种机助地图制图系统,它原为解析化B8S测图仪的图形输出模块,也可以处理地图数字化仪的采样数据,通过相应的数据接口还将能处理任何其他来源的制图数据,该系统采用圆弧条拟合地物曲线,设计了一套与地图图式高度一致的地物编码;设有关于点,线,面三类地图符号图形数据和几何参数的两种符号库,定义了14个图形命令和实现每地图符号图形的命令串库,并提供系统程序引导用户自定义点,线,面制图符号模式及命令串而 相似文献
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周雪丽 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(10):190-193
介绍了省级地图数据库应急保障体系的总体架构,以及体系的建设内容和示范应用子系统功能。进行省级地图数据库应急保障制图体系的探索与建设,可将基础地图信息数据和专题图数据集中管理,并具有全面的数据采集更新、数据编辑处理、数据入库管理、应急地图产品的快速定制及出版印刷等功能,为地图制图的信息化建设奠定基础,并推进应急保障制图快速化服务进程。 相似文献
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根据省级测绘地理信息部门地图生产与应用服务需求,研究技术路线实现地图素材数据、地图制图成果数据和地图出版成果数据的管理,设计地图数据更新与制作技术路线,以及专项信息系统功能,实现基于数据库制图、更新与管理,以达到快速制图的目的,提升对外服务能力。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
介绍“4D”(即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图)系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献
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自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析,导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础,同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。 相似文献