焦作矿区底板突水预报模型

选取对突水有影响的地质因素，如构造、矿压、构造裂隙、断层断距、断层至突水点距离、隔水层厚度、水压等为自变量，以突水点及未突水点的这些资料为基础，用数量化理论（Ⅰ、Ⅱ）的方法，将定性变量数量化，并参与计算，建立了焦作矿区底板突水的定量预报模型。经检验表明，所建模型可靠，可用于实际预测     

新驿煤矿下组煤矿井涌水量预测研究

在系统收集水文地质资料的基础上,运用"大井法"和水文地质比拟法对开采16煤的涌水量进行了预测,利用突水系数法,对八采区16煤底板奥灰突水危险性进行了评价,得出了突水系数分区图。经综合分析对比,采用大井法的预测结果:即开采16煤正常涌水量为482m3/h,最大涌水量为540m3/h;奥灰突水量初期为1 083～10 640m3/h,一般为660～4470m3/h;如对奥灰采取疏排降压方案,疏降排水量预计为770m3/h。此结果可作为矿井回采阶段防治水设计的参考。     

矿井突水危险性评价模型

用数量化理论 (Ⅱ) 〔1〕研究了矿井突水危险性评价问题, 建立了一个实用的矿井突水危险性评价模型, 为煤矿安全评价开辟了一条新途径。     

基于地下水流场数值模型的矿井突水量预算

矿井发生特大突水后,第一时间掌握突水水源,并预测突水量的大小,可以为制定水害治理方案提供有力支持。利用前期通过放水试验获取的水文地质参数及建立的井田奥陶系灰岩含水层数值模型,对峰峰矿区九龙煤矿的突水水源及突水量进行了分析计算。结果发现：突水初期与突水点相距2 350m的奥灰观测孔的水位下降趋势与前期奥灰放水试验的基本一致,因此,判断突水水源为煤系地层基底奥陶系灰岩含水层水。实测瞬时突水量为2 778m3/h;利用比拟法得到的Q-S方程预算突水量为2 879m3/h;通过数值模型预算的突水稳定涌水量为2 280m3/h,三者相差不大,以此说明数值模拟在矿井突水量预算中具有一定的实用价值。     

数量化理论Ⅰ的稳健性处理及其在矿产定量预测中的应用

多元回归有两个缺陷:(1)自变量的限制条件过为苛刻;(2)稳健性差。这两个缺陷对矿产定量预测有极为不利的影响。为此,笔者应用现代统计学新成果——稳健性统计理论和数量化理论I进行了较系统地研究:选用残差余弦值和及残差绝对值和分别作为目标函数,首次提出了最小化残差余弦值和的数量化理论I和最小化残差绝对值和的稳健性数量化理论I,并给出相应的解法;通过对实际资料的处理、计算与结果的分析、对比,得出定量预测方法——最小化残差绝对值和数量化理论I稳键性好,预测效果最佳的结论。     

数量化理论在工程地质领域中的应用综述

工程地质问题的影响因素多而复杂,兼有定性和定量指标,要精确地进行量化极其困难。数量化理论提供了将定性数据和定量数据进行量化进而建立预测评价模型的方法,为工程地质问题分析提供了便利。本文论述了数量化理论原理及其发展概况,综述了数量化理论在工程地质领域的应用现状,数量化理论在该领域的应用主要集中在影响因素的识别和提取、建立工程地质预测评价模型、地质因素的判别分析、相关性分析等方面。文章根据实际应用中遇到的问题分析了数量化理论的局限性:区域间的迁移性、评价的后验性以及指标选取的科学性,并针对性的提出两种处理方法:(1)对大量样本进行部分细致的工程评价,建立与评价对象符合的模型,利用模型进行快速评价; (2)根据大量不同类别样本建立的不同模型,实际应用时根据实际样本情况,选取针对性的计算模型对地质模型进行评价。最后,本文结合工程地质发展趋势,以及各种方法手段的引入介绍,论述了数量化理论在工程地质领域的应用前景。     

最优化稳健性数量化理论Ⅰ的原理和方法

矿产资源定量预测方法──稳健性数量化理论互进一步完善。首先指出了在变量增加条件下，残差绝对值和下确界减小的结论。在此基础上，证明了最优子集法可用于稳健性数量化理论Ⅰ的方程优化，解决了该方法的优选变量问题，并且给出了相应的算法。     

多维标度法在矿产预测中的应用

在矿产预测中常涉及一些定性变量,对这些变量的分析和应用,必须将定性描述的地质特征转化为用数值表示的变量,这就需要处理此问题的方法——多维标度法。笔者介绍了计量性的Ｔｏｒｇｅｒｓｏｎ法、准计量性的林知已夫数量化理论和非计量性多维标度法,并列举了其在矿产预测中的应用实例。     

数量化理论Ⅲ在瓦斯突出预测敏感地质指标筛选中的应用

论述了数量化理论及数量化理论Ⅲ的基本原理,提出了反应标度的概念和计算方法,扩展了原来反应取值的适用范围和科学性。以中马村矿区为研究实例,研究了影响煤与瓦斯突出的地质因素,并采用统计单元划分结合数量化理论Ⅲ的方法,从11个地质因素中筛选出8个瓦斯突出预测敏感地质指标,并据此对中马村矿已采区进行了瓦斯地质区划。实践表明:将数量化理论Ⅲ应用于瓦斯地质学是可行的,为瓦斯突出预测敏感地质指标的筛选提供了新的思路。     

多标标度法在矿产预测中的应用

在矿产预测中常涉及一些定性变量,泽这些变量的分析和应用,必须将定性描述的地质特性转化为用数值表示的变量,这就需要处理此问题的方法－－多维标度法。笔者介绍了计量性的Ｔｏｒｇｅｒｓｏｎ法、准计量性的林知已夫数量化理论和非计量性多维标度法,并列举了其在矿产预测中的应用实例。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of