用TM影像和DEM获取黑河流域地表反射率和反照率

传统的大气校正方法原理比较复杂,而且有些参数特别是实时的大气剖面资料难以获取。本文利用DEM对TM 影像进行地形校正后,用简便而又实用的方法对TM影像进行了大气校正,较精确地反演出黑河流域河西走廊中段对应于Landsat TM 1~5 和7波段的地表反射率。在此基础上,通过不同波段地表反射率的组合,获得了地表反照率。通过与实地观测数据对比分析,表明对于植被覆盖区用TM 2,4,7波段组合结果较好,而在非植被覆盖区用TM 1~5,7这6 个波段组合结果更佳。     

我国西北地区地表反照率的遥感研究

由于地表反照率受地球表面覆盖类型等地表特征的影响，因而利用遥感资料计算大面积区域地表反照率日益受到重视。通过对研究区下垫面类型进行分类（共分雪地，裸土，植被，沙漠和水体等五类），然后针对不同下垫面类型分别建立相应的地表反照率计算方法，对我国西北地区地表反照率的计算，验证了该方法具有较高的计算精度，适于大面积区域地表表反照率的计算，最后对我国西北地区地表反照率的分布特征进行了分析。     

放牧对退化草地近地面辐射的影响

随着环境变化,草原地表状态也会改变,尤其是近地面能量收支过程变化更明显。为深入理解半干旱草原地表辐射能量平衡过程对放牧的响应特征,利用内蒙古正镶白旗典型退化草原2020年生长季（6—10月）的辐射通量观测资料,对比分析了禁牧、放牧草地太阳总辐射、地表反射辐射、大气长波辐射、地表长波辐射、净辐射以及地表反照率的日变化和生长季变化规律的差异。结果表明：在生长季,太阳总辐射随着时间推进逐月递减;禁牧区的地表反射辐射总体小于放牧区;各月大气长波辐射日变化幅度很小,处于130—370 W·m^-2;禁牧、放牧条件下地表长波辐射存在明显的季节变化规律,但是二者之间的差异甚微。内蒙古典型退化草原生长季近地面辐射通量有显著单峰型日变化特征。禁牧、放牧草地地表反照率都呈现“U”型日变化规律。生长季放牧草地的反照率明显高于禁牧草地。在禁牧区,辐射分量（地表反射辐射、大气长波辐射）和植被指数（归一化差异植被指数）对净辐射的影响是正向极显著的;而地表反照率和另一辐射分量（地表长波辐射）对净辐射有显著的负向作用。在放牧区,地表反射辐射和大气长波辐射对净辐射有极显著的正向作用;而地表反照率和地表长波辐射对净辐射的作用则是负向显著的。植被状况是影响内蒙古典型退化草原近地表辐射能量收支过程的首要因子。     

城市地表热通量遥感反演及与下垫面关系分析

选择日本埼玉县熊谷市为研究区,应用ASTER热红外遥感图像,采用PCACA模型以及理论定位算法,对城市地表热通量的相关参数进行反演,进而分析城市下垫面不同土地覆盖类型对地表热通量以及能量平衡的影响.结果表明,PCACA模型应用于城市区域地表通量估算是可行的.这种算法可以大大减少在下垫面结构复杂的城市区域进行地表热通量估算时所需的参数,并有效降低研究结果的不确定性.研究发现,城乡不同下垫面地表覆盖类型对地表热通量的影响差异显著.不同地表下垫面类型的波文比由大到小顺序依次为:工业用地＞住宅用地＞交通用地＞公共设施用地＞旱田＞公共绿地＞水域.在相同的外部气象条件下,与城市周边的植被覆盖区相比,城市人工建筑用地具有较高的显热通量,较低的潜热通量,以及较高的波文比.由于城市地表显热通量和波文比明显高于周边植被覆盖地表,导致城市地表向低层大气供热的增加,这是城市热岛效应形成的重要机制之一.     

基于高光谱与多光谱植被指数的洪河沼泽植被叶面积指数估算模型对比研究

以洪河国家级自然保护区为研究区,2009年8月中旬,在研究区野外实测沼泽植物冠层的光谱反射率和叶面积指数(LAI),将地面实测的植物高光谱反射率以Landsat-5 TM波段范围为基准进行波谱重采样,以重采样后的光谱反射率计算多光谱植被指数,用几种常见的高光谱和多光谱植被指数建立估算沼泽植被叶面积指数的统计回归模型,对比这些模型的精度,选出最优模型.研究结果表明,用各植被指数建立的估算沼泽植被叶面积指数的回归模型分别为二次函数、对数函数或指数函数;各模型对沼泽植被叶面积指数的反演精度差别较大;在全波段高光谱植被指数中,用全波段归一化植被指数H-FNDVI(R930,R515)构建的估算沼泽植被叶面积指数的模型最佳;在常规高光谱植被指数中,用修正简单比率H-MSR构建的估算沼泽植被叶面积指数的模型最佳;在多光谱植被指数中,用多光谱归一化植被指数M-NDVI构建的估算沼泽植被叶面积指数的模型最佳.对比发现,由多光谱数据提取的植被指数构建的模型对研究区LAI的估算效果不太理想,而从实测高光谱数据提取的窄波段特有植被指数构建的估算沼泽植被叶面积指数模型表现出较明显的优势,表明窄波段植被指数更适合用来监测沼泽植被叶面积指数.     

武汉市地表亮温与植被覆盖关系定量分析

利用2002年7月9日的ETM影像,提取武汉市的下垫面类型、地表亮温和植被覆盖度,探讨不同下垫面类型对地表亮温的影响;并采用分形维度计算方法, 研究代表样带的地表亮温和植被覆盖的分维值之间的相关性。结果表明:植被覆盖度越高,地表亮温越低。除水域外的下垫面类型中植被覆盖度与地表亮温存在显著的负相关,这种相关性高于地表亮温与NDVI之间的相关关系。对于样带的地表亮温和植被的分维值研究表明,亮温和植被覆盖度的分维值之间的相关系数高于亮温和NDVI的分维值之间的相关系数。     

基于FTIR和MODIS数据估算新疆沙漠宽波段地表比辐射率

基于FTIR和MODIS数据,建立了新疆沙漠宽波段（8～13.5 μm）地表比辐射率的最优估算模型。首先,利用傅立叶变换热红外光谱仪观测的塔克拉玛干沙漠地表比辐射率光谱数据,结合同期MODIS温度/比辐射率产品MOD11A1的29、31和32波段比辐射率值和MOD09A1的第7波段反射率值,建立宽波段地表比辐射率估算模型,并分别采用观测数据和光谱库数据验证了模型的精度,估算结果的均方根误差分别为0.0041和0.0081。其次,选择最优估算模型,利用MODIS数据,估算了新疆4个沙漠的宽波段地表比辐射率,得到了沙漠地表比辐射率的空间分布特征。结果表明：塔克拉玛干沙漠和库鲁克库姆沙漠气候干燥稳定,地表比辐射率分布较为均匀,范围为0.850～0.915;古尔班通古特沙漠受到植被和地表水分的影响,比辐射率空间分布不均匀,范围为0.890～0.915;库木塔格沙漠的地表比辐射率分布与其羽状地表类似,范围为0.860～0.910。     

基于机载极化雷达技术的农作物覆盖区土壤水分估算

从研究区辅助数据中获得植被覆盖区域农作物含水量，并对“水云模型”的参数进行了修改。从总的极化雷达后向散射中去除了植被影响；再应用简化的裸露地表模型和多极化数据特征消除了地表粗糙度的影响，从而能够通过多极化雷达数据得到地表土壤水分。经过文测数据验证表明农作物覆盖地表土壤水分变化的估算算法还需要更进一步发展和改进以提高反演精度，并探讨了应用极化雷达技术估算植被覆盖区土壤水分的方法。     

青藏高原腹地多年冻土区地表反照率的季节变化及主要影响因子

准确获取青藏高原地表反照率的季节变化特征对高原地表能水循环研究具有重要意义。本文利用青藏高原多年冻土区西大滩和唐古拉2007年的气象及辐射数据,运用相关分析方法研究了太阳高度角、积雪及活动层冻融过程对地表反照率变化的影响。结果显示:冷暖季降雪过程中地表反照率的变化差异较明显;地表无积雪覆盖期间,地表反照率与气温和表层土壤含水量呈反相关关系。利用多元回归分析法构建了以积雪日数和气温为影响因子的月均地表反照率计算回归方程,经检验与观测值对比平均相对误差为7.1%,可用于青藏高原北部地表反照率的估算。     

内蒙古半干旱草原下垫面地表辐射特征

中纬度半干旱草原是全球陆地生态系统的重要类型之一,也是我国北方主要的地表类型,为深入了解我国半干旱草原区陆面对大气的辐射强迫,选取锡林浩特国家气候观象台2010年的辐射观测资料,分析了内蒙古半干旱草原下垫面地表辐射平衡各分量、地表吸收辐射和有效辐射以及地表反照率的日变化和季节变化规律,并与西北典型干旱区作了对比分析。结果表明：半干旱草原区太阳总辐射季节变化特征非常明显,季节平均日积分值由大到小依次为夏季、春季、秋季、冬季,年总量为6 036.64 MJ/m²,与黑河地区绿洲接近,明显小于戈壁和沙漠下垫面的值;半干旱草原地表反射辐射年变化趋势较为复杂,在4～10月由于下垫面植被和土壤类型、湿度等的差异,半干旱草原地表反射辐射月平均值低于黑河地区草地和荒漠的值,但高于农田的值;地表吸收辐射季节变化规律与总辐射保持一致;大气长波辐射年总量为8 155.23 MJ/m²,低于黑河地区草地、荒漠和农田下垫面的值,主要是由于半干旱草原区地理纬度较高,全年平均气温较低造成的;在植被覆盖较好的6～9月,半干旱草原区地表长波辐射月总量为4 532.14 MJ/m²,低于黑河流域的荒漠区,而高于草地和农田的值;半干旱草原区地表有效辐射年总量为2 398.75 MJ/m²,小于黑河地区沙漠和戈壁下垫面而大于绿洲;半干旱草原区地表反照率年均值为0.35,均大于西北干旱区不同下垫面,主要由于半干旱草原区冬春季地表积雪覆盖时间明显长于干旱区,可见,地表积雪对反照率的影响非常大。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Journal of Resources and Ecology Total Contents of Volume 5, 2014

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BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)