云南太平掌铜多金属矿床硫,铅,氢,氧同位素地球化学

对云南大平掌铜多金属火山岩型声状硫化物矿床的矿石矿物和火山岩围岩的Ｓ、Ｐｂ同位素及脉石矿物、硅化岩、硅质岩等的Ｈ、Ｏ同位素地球化学特征进行了研究,认为矿床中大多数硫来源于热液对火山岩的淋滤,或直接来源于火山喷气作用;矿石铅与火山岩铅属同一来源,且以富放射性成因铅为特征;成矿流体可能主要来源于深循环的海水与岩浆水的混合流体,而大气降水参与的可能性很小。     

陕西省大茅坪铜矿床火山岩与成矿关系研究

陕西省大茅坪铜矿床产于碧口群火山岩地层中，矿床的成因与成矿物质的来源均与火山岩相关。通过矿石和围岩微量元素，稀土元素、Sr和Pb同位素的示踪，认为矿床是喷流沉积的产物，成矿年龄与碧口群火山岩形成年龄相近，在1200Ma左右。矿石铅同位素特征显示大茅坪铜矿床有后期热液改靠成矿作用的参与这与地质认识相吻合，从而得出矿床成矿物主要来源于赋矿火山岩，在喷流沉积成矿的基础上，有后期变质流体的叠加改造，早先形成的矿质在一定范围内发生迁移和局部富集作用。     

新疆伊宁县塔北铅锌矿床地质特征和S、Pb、C、O同位素组成

塔北铅锌矿床是西天山吐拉苏盆地中新近勘查成功的一个重要热液型铅锌矿床。矿体赋存于晚泥盆世-早石炭世大哈拉军山组第五岩性段酸性凝灰岩中,受断裂构造控制。矿石硫化物的δ³⁴S值介于0.5‰~7.3‰,估算获得成矿流体的总硫同位素值δ³⁴S_∑S约2.7‰,具岩浆硫的特征。晚期石膏的δ³⁴S值为4.7‰~5.3‰,表明石膏可能是火山热液中的SO₂发生歧化反应或火山喷发带出的H₂S挥发分在近地表的氧化环境中反应生成的。矿石铅同位素组成十分稳定,并与大哈拉军山组火山岩的铅同位素组成相似,指示成矿物质来源于赋矿火山岩。碳、氧同位素组成指示成矿流体中碳主要来源于深部岩浆。塔北铅锌矿床可能属于矿化较深的浅成低温热液型矿床。     

广东圆珠顶斑岩型铜钼矿床成矿物质、成矿流体来源和成矿机理研究

圆珠顶斑岩型铜钼矿床位于钦杭成矿带西南端,是该成矿带近年来发现的又一大型铜钼矿床。文中通过对圆珠顶矿床地质特征的详细剖析并结合H、O、S、Pb等同位素地球化学的研究,对圆珠顶斑岩型铜钼矿床的成矿流体和成矿物质来源进行了初步的讨论。研究结果表明：矿石金属硫化物δ34S 值分布于-4.3‰~3.9‰,硫主要来源于岩浆岩;矿石铅同位素组成稳定,为正常普通铅;不同成矿阶段H、O同位素组成变化及流体包裹体研究指示大气降水与含矿岩浆热液混合是金属矿物从成矿流体中沉淀的重要因素。结合成矿动力学背景研究,认为圆珠顶矿床成矿作用与岩浆活动密切相关,矿床成因是由于板块俯冲作用引起的地壳与地幔物质混合。     

西藏邦铺铅锌矿床S、Pb、C、O同位素组成及成矿物质来源研究

邦铺铅锌矿床系邦铺钼铜矿区斑岩矿化体外围形成的矽卡岩型铅锌矿床;矿石品位较富,成矿元素以铅锌为主,基本不含铜。文章以矿床中主要金属硫化物为研究对象,采用S、Pb同位素研究方法对矿床成矿物质来源进行探讨。结果表明,矿石金属硫化物δ34S值分布范围较宽,但主要集中于-3.7‰～-0.7‰之间,具塔式分布特征,硫主要来源于岩浆;矿石铅同位素组成稳定,为正常普通铅,矿石铅的高μ值(大于9.58)及构造环境演化图解中样品点的分布特征指示矿石铅主要来源于上地壳物质。与驱龙外围知不拉、甲玛矽卡岩矿体对比研究发现,3个矿床硫均为岩浆来源;而金属物质来源空间上则显示出一定的规律,驱龙—甲玛—邦铺矿集区由南向北壳源物质的混染作用不断增加;大理岩及方解石碳-氧同位素组成特征显示矿床成矿流体中碳源主要来自于岩浆,碳酸盐岩地层提供了部分成矿物质。     

云南都龙锡锌多金属矿床铅同位素组成:成矿金属来源制约

都龙锡锌多金属矿床位于云南省马关县境内,是中国已探明的第三大锡矿床。本文在野外系统观测基础上,对该矿床金属矿化分带特征进行了初步总结。矿化分带在水平和垂直方向都有体现,具典型夕卡岩矿床分带特征。选取了该矿床矿石矿物、花岗斑岩长石、大理岩、片岩和基底片麻岩,进行铅同位素示踪研究,结果显示矿石矿物铅同位素组成分布集中,具有均一的较浅源区,与老君山花岗岩长石铅同位素组成一致,而与基底片麻岩长石铅同位素组成有一定差异,表明该矿床的Pb主要来源于老君山花岗岩,基底片麻岩对Pb贡献很小;片岩和大理岩分布分散,明显偏离矿石矿物铅同位素组成,基本对该矿床的铅来源没有贡献。结合前人对该矿床所做成岩-成矿年龄和近期本项目组所做S-C-O同位素分析结果,认为该矿床与老君山花岗岩关系密切,属于典型的夕卡岩矿床。     

粤东嵩溪银矿形成的区域地质背景、成矿特征及成因

嵩溪银矿位于粤东晚古生代梅县-惠阳坳陷带的北段,晚侏罗世陆相火山岩盆地的边缘。区域成矿地质背景研究表明,晚侏罗世是粤东构造岩浆活动最强烈时期,火山岩的原始成岩物质来源于下地壳。地质勘探表明矿体在空间上呈脉状分布于早、中侏罗世的地层中,受断裂构造控制,矿石的结构构造和蚀变的分带性说明矿床具典型的热液矿床特征。矿石的铅同位素组成具壳幔混合铅特征,成矿物质来源于深部岩浆;矿石硫同位素组成和与成矿有关的石英脉的氢氧同位素、方解石脉的碳同位素组成特征,说明成矿热液以岩浆热液为主。根据矿床的矿化蚀变特征和成矿物质、成矿热液来源,结合区域成矿地质背景、矿区周边岩浆岩分布特征和岩浆岩成份及其来源的综合分析,认为嵩溪大型银矿床的形成与晚侏罗世陆相火山作用有关,矿床成因类型为陆相火山岩浆期后热液脉状矿床。     

南京栖霞山铅锌矿床地质特征与成因

栖霞山铅锌矿位于长江中下游成矿带东部,是我国东部最大的铅锌矿床。通过矿区接替资源勘查,在深部取得重大突破,主矿体控制深度由-650 m延深至-1 079 m,且在深部发现了绿帘石、透闪石、透辉石等矽卡岩蚀变矿物。结合最新成果,从控矿地质因素、矿体地质、成矿元素的空间分带特征等入手,全面总结了矿床地质特征。通过分析黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿中S同位素组成,发现黄铁矿中的硫来源于沉积岩和岩浆,而闪锌矿、方铅矿和黄铜矿中的硫来源于岩浆;硫化物中Pb同位素的分布特征指示矿石铅主要来源于上地壳与地幔混合;碳酸盐矿物C、O同位素组成反映成矿流体与岩浆热液的亲缘关系;H、O同位素特征反映成矿流体主要为深部岩浆期后热液,并有大气水的加入。综合地质与同位素地球化学研究成果,对栖霞山铅锌矿床的成因进行了探讨。     

兰坪金满铜矿床地质地球化学特征

金满铜矿床受含矿层(J_2h)和构造控制,热液成矿标志明显.依据围岩及矿石的微量元素特征,氧、氢、碳、硫、铅同位素组成及矿物流体包裹体等研究认为,成矿物质来源于含矿地层;成矿流体具热卤水性质;矿床在成因上属改造型.     

四川西部呷村银多金融矿床硫铅同位素地球化学

本文研究目的是揭示呷村银多金融矿床成矿物质来源，矿石与容矿围岩的关系，通过对矿石、矿石矿物及容矿围岩的S、Pb同位素地球化学研究，资产提出矿石铅为一个二元混合铅，主要由火山岩提供，部分来自火山岩的下部地层；矿床中的大多数硫由火山热液提供的，部分来自海水。     

内蒙古阿右旗卡休他他夕卡岩型铁金矿床地质特征及控矿因素探讨

内蒙古阿右旗卡休他他铁金矿床属于夕卡岩-热液叠加型矿床。特定岩性、岩浆岩、构造是形成该种类型矿床的基本条件：辉长岩和石英闪长岩与围岩的接触带控制矿床的产出部位,岩体接触带的夕卡岩控制着铁、金矿体的分布范围,层间破碎带和构造裂隙带则控制着铁、金矿体的形态。铁矿化产于中基性岩体和围岩接触的夕卡岩带中,金矿体产在富铁矿体及其附近的夕卡岩中,金矿和铁矿是同一地质作用过程中不同阶段的产物,矿床可能形成于海西中期。     

新疆和田县雪凤岭锂矿床、雪盆锂矿床和双牙锂矿床地质特征及伟晶岩脉群分带初步研究

作为战略性关键金属矿产,锂矿勘查与研究已成为当今矿产勘查和地学研究的热点。项目组2017年以来通过多次野外勘查、系统取样与室内化验分析,确认在新疆和田县白龙山锂多金属矿床东部的雪凤岭一带发现了雪凤岭、雪盆和双牙3处花岗伟晶岩型锂多金属矿床。雪凤岭锂矿床由3个含矿伟晶岩脉群共计47条锂多金属矿体组成,矿体长32~360 m,厚0.9~8 m,走向110°~120°,倾角49°~78°。对雪凤岭矿区伟晶岩脉群研究,发现含矿伟晶岩脉群‒含白云母伟晶岩脉群‒块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群‒含黑色电气石伟晶岩脉群‒块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群‒含白云母伟晶岩脉群‒含矿伟晶岩脉群具对称分带特征,进而在距雪凤岭1550 m南部的双牙山和雪盆沟发现较好的锂矿体,其中双牙锂矿床主矿体长850 m,厚12 m,出露最宽处近100 m;雪盆锂矿床3条锂矿体,长800~1200 m,厚4~8 m,向西合成一个矿体,厚12~20 m。各矿体Li2O品位0.6%~4.02%。伴生BeO品位0.04%~0.15%,Rb2O品位0.10%~0.23%,Nb2O5品位0.007%~0.047%,Ta2O5品位0.003%~0.046%。预测雪凤岭、雪盆、双牙3个矿床334资源量共计Li2O为7.1886×105 t,BeO为2.648×103 t,Rb2O为1.433×103 t,Nb2O5为3.387×103 t,Ta2O5为1.727×103 t,雪凤岭一带有望成为一个超大型锂多金属稀有金属矿产基地。     

云南白牛厂银多金属矿床成因

对云南白牛厂超大型银多金属矿床的地质、地球化学特征及矿床形成的长期性及多阶段性的研究认为:白牛厂银多金属矿床是热水沉积—叠生成因矿床,早期呈现寒武纪的热水同生沉积成矿作用,晚期为燕山期花岗岩浆热液成矿作用。该矿床是热水沉积成矿作用与岩浆热液成矿作用叠加成矿的产物。     

加拿大萨斯喀彻温省索西(Southey)钾盐矿床特征及成因

加拿大萨斯喀彻温省索西(Southey)钾盐矿床,主要赋存于中泥盆统的Elk Point(埃尔克波因特)群上部Prairie Evaporite(草原蒸发岩)组。钾盐矿层稳定,似水平状展布,埋深约1250~1550 m;钾盐矿物主要有钾石盐(KCl)和光卤石(KCl·Mg Cl2·6H2O),矿石品位高,w(K2O)可达11.17%~21.85%,是世界少有的高品质钾盐矿床。文章分别从构造位置、古地理条件、物源补给、沉积韵律和成矿过程等多个方面综合分析了索西钾盐矿床的成因。     

论凤山铜矿床的再生成因

凤山铜矿床产于中元古界昆阳群绿汗江组凤山段，其下伏为中元古代晚期的滇中裂陷槽中的狮山铜矿床。凤山铜矿床矿体呈脉状、巢状、囊状，切割围岩，形态产状受断裂构造及狮山段紫色层“刺穿体”的控制，是典型的后生矿床。矿石物质成分（以黄铜矿、斑铜矿为主）、黄铁矿的Co含量（0．6％）及Co/Ni比值（75．71）和硫化物的δ^34S值均继承了狮山铜矿床的特点；矿石具碎斑状、角砾状，细脉状和网脉状等后生矿石构造，凤山铜矿床黄铜矿、斑铜矿对各种波长入射光的反射率均高于狮山铜矿床黄铜矿、黄铜矿的Cu、Au、Ag含量高于狮山铜矿的黄铜矿，而S、As、Zn含量低于狮山矿的黄铜矿。基于上述特征，提出了凤山铜矿床的再生成矿模式。凤山铜矿床的成矿物质来自下伏的狮山铜矿床及狮山段紫色层细碧质火山角砾岩，经后期非含矿热液溶解而沿构造上升，而后在上覆地层的构造中沉淀、富集而形成再生矿床。     

Silver-Bearing and Associated Minerals in El Zancudo Deposit, Antioquia, Colombia

The occurrence and the chemical compositions of ore minerals (especially the silver‐bearing minerals) and fluid inclusions of the El Zancudo mine in Colombia were investigated in order to analyze the genetic processes of the ore minerals and to examine the genesis of the deposit. The El Zancudo mine is a silver–gold deposit located in the western flank of the Central Cordillera in Antioquia Department. It consists mainly of banded ore veins hosted in greenschist and lesser disseminated ore in porphyritic rocks. The ore deposit is associated with extensive hydrothermally altered zones. The ores from the banded veins contain sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena, Ag‐bearing sulfosalts, Pb‐Sb sulfosalts, and minor chalcopyrite, electrum, and native silver. Electrum is included within sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite, and is also partially surrounded by pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and tetrahedrite. Native silver is present in minor amounts as small grains in contact with Ag‐rich sulfosalts. Silver‐bearing sulfosalts are argentian tetrahedrite–freibergite solid solution, andorite, miargyrite, diaphorite, and owyheeite. Pb‐Sb sulfosalts are bournonite, jamesonite, and boulangerite. Two main crystallization stages are recognized, based on textural relations and mineral assemblages. The first‐stage assemblage includes sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena and electrum. The second stage is divided into two sub‐stages. The first sub‐stage commenced with the deposition and growth of sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite. These minerals are characterized by compositional growth banding, and seem to have crystallized continuously until the end of the second sub‐stage. Tetrahedrite, Pb‐Cu sulfosalts, Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, and Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalts crystallized from the final part of the first sub‐stage and during the whole second sub‐stage. However, one Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, diaphorite, was formed by a retrograde reaction between galena and miargyrite. The minimum and maximum genetic temperatures estimated from the FeS content of sphalerite coexisting with pyrite and the silver content of electrum are 300°C and 420°C, respectively. These estimated genetic temperatures are similar to, but slightly higher than the homogenization temperatures (235–350°C) of primary fluid inclusions in quartz. The presence of muscovite in the altered host rocks and gangue suggest that the pH of the hydrothermal solutions was close to neutral. Most of the sulfosalts in this deposit have previously been attributed as the products of epithermal mineralization. However, El Zancudo can be classified as a xenothermal deposit, in view of the low pressure and high temperature genetic conditions identified in the present study, based on the mineralogy of sulfosalts and the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions.     

Geology, Geochemistry and Minerogenesis of the Shijuligou Zinc–Copper Deposit in Gansu, China

Abstract: The Shijuligou deposit was separated by an arcuate ductile shear zone cross the center of the deposit region, resulting in the difference between the southern and northern ore bodies. The lead (Pb) isotopic data of ores of the Shijuligou copper deposit have averages of 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb in 17.634, 15.444, and 37.312, respectively. It has been shown that ore-forming metals originated from intrusive and extrusive rocks in the upper part of ophiolites. The sulfur isotopic data of pyrite and chalcopyrite in the northern part change from +7.61‰ to +8.09‰ and +4.95‰ to +8.88‰ in the southern part. Isotopes of δ18O in the Shijuligou copper deposit are between +11.1‰ and +18.6‰, with the calculated δ18OH2O at +0.65‰. It is suggested that the mineralized fluid is a mixture of magma fluid, meteorological water, and seawater through circulating and leaching metals from the volcanic rocks. The zircon uranium-lead (U–Pb) dating of gabbro is 457.9±1.2 Ma, and the lower crossing age of the discordant and concordia curves of pyroxene spilite of zircon is 454±15 Ma. It is indicated that the Shijuligou deposit formed in a new ocean crust (ophiolite) of the back-arc basin in the late Ordovician. Mineralization should occur in the intermittence period after strong volcanic activity, and the age should be the late Ordovician. Moreover, the mineralization of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in the ancient orogenic belt of the late Ordovician in the northern Qilian Mountains was controlled by the primary fault/fracture, with the forming of a metallogenic hydrothermal system by a mixture of volcanic magma fluid and seawater, which circularly leached the metallogenic metals from the volcanic rocks, resulting in their accumulation. The ore bodies were transformed with morphology and metallogenic elements. Jasperoid is an important sign for prospecting such deposits. There were many island arcs in the continent of China. This study provides evidence for understanding and exploration of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in western China, especially in the area of northern Qilian Mountains.     

甘肃岷县寨上金钨矿床中钨矿特征及找矿标志

寨上矿床属于以金为主、伴生钨的多金属矿床。目前已发现15条钨矿化体,其中主要的6条钨矿体均与金矿体相重合。寨上矿区9处异常中有7处Au、W异常相重合。Au、W元素相伴生存在,局部地区形成金、钨矿化体共生的局面。钨矿物主要为白钨矿,极少量黑钨矿。白钨矿也是重要的载金矿物,金与钨关系密切。矿体主要产于碳质板岩、泥质板岩、钙质板岩等较软弱岩性地层。矿脉受控于层间或顺层断裂破碎带。矿区的主要蚀变类型有硅化、黄铁矿化,其次为碳酸盐化、绢云母化。低阻高极化异常能较准确的反映矿化带和矿脉的延伸位置。钨的水系沉积物异常和土壤异常均呈带状低值异常特征,与已知矿带吻合较好。研究成果及勘查实践证明,在该金矿化(带)体中寻找钨矿化体是最简捷的方法。     

新疆且末县卡特里西铜锌矿地质特征

卡特里西铜锌矿是近年在新疆南部昆仑山一带发现的、规模最大的有色金属矿床.矿床产于下石炭统托库孜达坂群火山岩地层中,矿体分布明显受地层控制.含矿岩性为双峰式火山岩建造上部的灰绿色基性凝灰岩,矿体多呈平行层状、似层状、透镜状分布于灰岩中及灰岩与含碳粉砂岩的接触处.该矿为海相火山岩型铜矿.主成矿元素为铜、锌,伴生元素为银、铅、硫,共有14个矿体,其中Ⅵ、Ⅷ号矿体为主矿体,矿石品位较富,目前估算铜、锌资源量均超过中型.通过进一步的地质、地球化学、地球物理工作表明,矿床主矿体向深部仍有较大延深,预测该矿床规模有望达到大型.     

201富铀矿床氢,氧,碳,硫,铅同位素研究

产于花岗岩中的２０１铀矿床是我国花岗岩型铀矿富矿之一。本文通过氢、氧、碳、硫、铅同位素组成的研究，探讨成矿溶液和成矿物质的来源，推测成矿环境。研究结果表明，该矿床成矿流体是以大气降水为主，主要成矿物质来自前燕山期花岗岩体，可能部分来自下部地壳，成矿作用是在较稳定的物化条件下进行。