分米波毫秒级太阳射电爆发的几个形态

介绍使用１０ｍ天线上２１ｃｍ波段ｍｓ级连续快速记录系统,观测到分米波太阳射电快速活动的几种形态、特征、尖峰辐射及其共生现象。     

21cm波段ms级太阳射电爆发形态分析

本文利用10米天线上21cmms级连续无间隙快速记录系统,在第22周太阳峰年期间观测到大量的分米波段的太阳射电尖峰辐射的快速活动资料,对这些资料进行分析、比对发现尖峰辐射的快速活动至少包括：毛刺型、缓变型、缓变脉冲型、脉冲型、开关型．同时也对太阳射电尖峰辐射与其它共生现象进行分析,并对尖峰辐射的形态进行了简单的讨论．     

2.6～3.8GHz长寿命微波Ⅲ型爆发统计特性

通过对2．6～3．8GHz射电频谱仪观测数据的检索。挑选出73个孤立的特征寿命为20s的Ⅲ型爆发进行统计分析。得到了太阳射电Ⅲ型爆发在2600—3800MHz间的辐射寿命的统计分布；并用相应的数据检验了在米波和分米波辐射存在的经验关系，结果显示在2．6-3．8GHz的射电波段上，Ⅲ型爆发的寿命和频率之间仍然成反比的关系，但是系数不同于米波和分米波对应的系数。     

太阳射电精细结构高时间高频率分辨率观测研究

本文对太阳射电精细结构这一领域进行了较为详尽深入的调研，发现由于观测仪器技术指标（时间、频率、频率覆盖、偏振、灵敏度等）相对不高，有很多的精细结构，在时间上、在频率上并没有被完全分解开来，或是没有被检测到。对FFS的研究，还处于发现－认识－逐步深化的阶段。观测资料还很单薄。在微波高端（厘米波段），精细结构的观测资料更是很少。另外，对FFS也只是有一个侧重频谱形态的分类。本文利用我国的“太阳射电宽带快速频谱仪”的观测资料，几年来，对微波频段的射电快速精细结构进行了较为深入的研究。主要研究结果有：发现了弱偏振微波尖峰辐射中两个偏振分量之间的时间延迟和偏振反转现象；首次发现了微波（短分米波段）高偏振U型爆发并给出解释；首次发现了厘米波N型和M型爆发并给出解释；首次发现了高偏振微波斑点并给出解释；首次利用甚高频率分辨率频谱仪，通过对大样本的分米波尖峰辐射的统计，给出了更为可靠的、更小的相对带宽的下限；结合高空间分辨率的观测资料，对运动Ⅳ型爆发及其伴生的精细结构作了探讨；对双向电子束的起源及其加速位置进行了研究。     

分米波毫秒级太阳射电爆发的几个形态

介绍使用１０ｍ天线上２１ｃｍ波段ｍｓ级连续快速记录系统,观测到分米波太阳射电快速活动的几种形态,特征,尖峰辐射及其共生现象。     

太阳射电分米波毫秒级尖峰辐射的寿命

太阳射电毫秒级尖峰辐射的寿命随频率增高而减小,长期以来这一直是个令人困惑的问题。本文从与Ⅲ型爆发相关的空心束分布的电子流所激发的回旋同步脉泽角度出发,详细讨论了尖峰辐射的寿命与特征频率比(ξ=ω_P/ω_B)以及波增长率的关系,最后得出:在分米波的不同波段,尖峰辐射是X模的不同次谐波,且寿命随频率增高发生相关的减小。     

太阳短分米波连续辐射中的Ⅰ型噪爆

利用中国科学院国家天文台太阳射电动态频谱仪(1．0-2．0GHz和2．6-3．8GHz)在1998年9月23日观测到伴生Ⅲ型爆发群和I型噪爆的分米波Ⅳ型爆发，着重讨论在Ⅳ型爆发衰减相产生的I型噪爆，这个噪爆由许多I型爆发组成，每个I型爆的寿命约为：100～300ms，总持续时间大于11min，噪爆辐射的圆偏振度大于Ⅳ型连续辐射爆发，平均偏振度约为64％。这个I型噪爆可能类似于高偏振的Ⅲ型噪爆，其辐射机制可能归因于基波等离子体辐射。     

超宽带超高分辨率太阳射电频谱仪的研发

为完成对太阳射电爆发15 MHz～15 GHz频谱的监测,云南天文台研发4套太阳射电频谱仪,频率覆盖范围依次为15～80 MHz, 100～750 MHz, 600～4 200 MHz和4～15 GHz,分别称为十米波、米波、分米波和厘米波太阳射电频谱仪。十米波段太阳射电频谱仪的谱分辨率和时间分辨率分别为7.6 kHz和1 ms;米波段和分米波段太阳射电频谱仪的谱分辨率和时间分辨率分别为9.5 kHz和10 ms;厘米波段太阳射电频谱仪的谱分辨率和时间分辨率分别为76 kHz和10 ms。每套设备包括天线系统、接收机和数字频谱仪。为实现超高谱分辨率,需要的快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform, FFT)点数最高达到262 144,在现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA)上,通过一个FFT IP核(Intellectual Property Core)不能实现如此高点数的快速傅里叶变换运算。对于大点数的快速傅里叶变换,需要对数据行列分解后做并行处理,从而将其转化为两个小点数的快速傅里叶变换。通过对并行算法的研究,...     

太阳射电研究四十年

本文概述了太阳射电天文学的历史,从早期的失败到1942年Hey对太阳射电波的偶然发现为止.文中讨论了太阳射电研究在米波-十米波、千米-百米波和厘米波所取得的主要进展。同时讨论了与射电爆发共生的耀斑的观测以及用等离子体辐射和回旋同步加速辐射对这些观测所作的解释。从空间对与Ⅲ型爆发有关的等离子振荡和一维电子速度分布的测量,业已证实了用等离子体辐射对观测所作的解释。Ⅲ型爆发的米波-十米波射电日像仪测量和千米-百米波的飞船测量表明,Ⅲ型电子束流是沿着浓密的日冕流和沿着阿基米德螺旋轨道运动的。在厘米波段利用角秒分辨率的大天线阵对活动区和射电爆发所作的高空间分辨率观测,表明了它在观测日冕磁场、了解冕环的物理性质、测量耀斑附近磁场结构,从而在研究太阳耀斑起源方面有着巨大的威力.     

2个二次触发型太阳耀斑的射电时间轮廓及其日冕磁结构

利用国家天文台(北京和昆明)的射电频谱仪(频段为0.65~7.6 GHz)和相关的NoRH/17GHz射电以及TRACE/171 EUV和Yohkoh/SXT的观测资料,分析了2001/04/10和10/19的2个共生精细时间结构的稀有事件,这2个事件的射电爆发时间轮廓和观测特征相似,通过这2个事件的微波(17GHz)偏振观测资料的比较,发现这2个射电爆发均由包含多重(4极)磁结构的复杂活动区引起,特别指出这2个耀斑最后都导致了耀斑后相的分米波射电爆发(第二次触发耀斑),这可能是后环引起的射电爆发。它们都分别对应于双极磁位形,表明这两次触发耀斑是由相似的耀斑模型产生。2个分米波爆发可能是相似(homologous)耀斑的射电表现,可以推测这两次耀斑的驱动器可能皆是磁流浮现或对消(因为源区有新的单或双极出现或消失),而它们的触发器皆是由双极反向Y型位形(具有一个双极拱的单磁流系统)的磁重联,耀斑后环的演化是导致耀斑后相分米波射电爆发的必要条件。我们认为,这双带耀斑对应的宽带射电爆发辐射机制是回旋同步加速辐射过程,而耀斑后相的窄带分米波爆发的辐射机制是等离子体辐射过程。     

脉冲星辐射区结构研究

为了研究脉冲星本质与磁层动力学过程,如何从观测限定脉冲星辐射区域的部位和几何结构是其中一个基本且关键的问题.介绍了目前各种脉冲星辐射区几何限定方法的主要思想和结果,并对其异同和各自的优势作了比较和评述;根据已有的限定结果总结了其对辐射束结构、加速区模型和射电辐射机制等理论问题研究的帮助和启示;从各种方法的发展过程来看,完善能够限定脉冲星多波段辐射区域三维结构的方法,并与辐射区和加速区等理论问题的研究更紧密地结合是该领域的重要发展方向.     

LINERs多波段特性的研究

总结了近期对LINERs的一些研究结果，通过对LINERs在各波段上表现出的一些特性讨论了LINERs的几种模型，重点讨论了LINERs是典型的AGN的可能性。结论为具有如下至少一个特征的LINERs可能是典型的AGN：（1）有宽的发射线成分；（2）有双峰宽Hα线发射；（3）有硬的X射线的连续谱；（4）有点状紫外源；（5）有致密封电核和喷流。     

Spatial Structure and Spectra of X-Ray Sources During the 0.8 – 4.5 GHz Reverse Drift Bursts Observations

In the years 2002 – 2005, 38 groups of the reverse drift bursts (RDBs) were observed in the 0.8 – 4.5 GHz frequency range by the Ondřejov radiospectrograph. In 21 cases, which were observed at the times of the RHESSI observations, spatial structure, positional changes, and spectra of X-ray sources during RDB observations are studied in detail. First, based on the frequency drift and the spatial structure of the associated X-ray source, the events are classified as: (a) fast drifting RDBs with a compact X-ray source, (b) fast drifting RDBs with a multiple X-ray source (FM), and slowly drifting RDBs. Then, the spectra of X-ray sources at the times of RDBs are analyzed. It is found that most fast drifting RDBs (16 of 17 cases) are associated with the spectra having a distinct power-law (non-thermal) component. In contrast, the X-ray spectra associated with the slowly drifting RDBs are predominantly purely thermal (in three out of four cases; in the 26 July 2004, case the X-ray spectrum is thermal and high temperature, with non-thermal component). Two special cases of RDBs observed during the 28 October 2003, and 23 July 2004, flares are added for comparison. The most frequent events are those with fast drifting RDBs, a compact short-lasting X-ray sources, and a power-law X-ray spectrum. The individual reverse drift bursts (∼1 s duration) do not show a clear temporal association with individual peaks of hard X-ray bursts. During slowly drifting RDBs the shape of the associated X-ray source changed or expanded. Among them the most interesting one was observed in 26 July 2004, when the very slowly drifting RDBs (+40 MHz s⁻¹) were associated with an X-ray loop-like source continuously elongating in the southwest direction. In the most cases the model of RDBs with electron beams is compatible with the observations, but in flares on 26 July 2004, and 28 October 2003, the RDBs are probably generated by some other type of an agent; we propose here a thermal conduction front.     

A search for double-peaked narrow emission line galaxies and AGNs in the LAMOST DR1

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST) has released more than two million spectra,which provide the opportunity to search for double-peaked narrow emission line(NEL) galaxies and active galactic nuclei(AGNs).The double-peaked narrow-line profiles can be well modeled by two velocity components,respectively blueshifted and redshifted with respect to the systemic recession velocity.This paper presents 20 double-peaked NEL galaxies and AGNs found from LAMOST DR1 using a search method based on a multi-Gaussian fit of the narrow emission lines.Among them,ten have already been published by other authors,either listed as genuine double-peaked NEL objects or as asymmetric NEL objects,and the remaining ten are original discoveries.We discuss some possible origins for the double-peaked narrow-line features,such as interaction between jet and narrow line regions,interaction with companion galaxies,and black hole binaries.Spatially resolved optical imaging and/or follow-up observations in other spectral bands are needed to further discuss the physical mechanisms at work.     

恒星形成区CMaOB1/R1复合体的红外发射

使用IRAS的红外观测资料,对恒星形成区CMaOB1/R1复合体的红外发射特性进行了详细的研究,并与光学观测,射电连续观测及CO观测进行了比较,结果表明,这个复合体的发射是由一个弥散发射背景和若干分离源所组成。红外弥散发射可由两个O星的加热来解释,但扩展的HII区可能是由一个老的HII区的遗迹与仍处于主序阶段的两个O型星共同作用的结果,分离源大多与已知的发射或反射星云相对应,但存在几个没有已知光学对应体的源,它们可能是刚进入主序的早型星激发的。     

晚型双星UX Ari的多频射电观测研究

用美国甚大阵（ＶＬＡ）对色球活动性双星系统ＵＸＡｒｉ进行了从１．４ＧＨｚ到１５ＧＨｚ范围内五个频段的观测，观测期间ＵＸＡｒｉ处于活动性比较低的阶段，射电光度为（６．６－１２．６）×１０１６ｅｒｇｓ－１Ｈｚ－１．射电频谱低频部分比较平坦，高频呈幂律形式，低频的圆偏振度很低，趋于零，高频辐射有中等圆偏振度（１５％）．射电发射机制可能是回旋同步加速机制，由此我们估计出发射区的磁场强度为几至几十高斯，相对论电子密度为～１０４－１０２ｃｍ－３量级，热电子数密度～１０８ｃｍ－３。     

Particle acceleration and nonthermal radiation in space plasmas

Acceleration processes for fast particles in astrophysical and space plasmas are reviewed with emphasis on stochastic acceleration by MHD turbulence and on acceleration by shock waves. Radiation processes in astrophysical and space plasmas are reviewed with emphasis on plasma emission from the solar corona and electron cyclotron maser emission from planets and stars.     

The effects of solar and ionospheric parameters on seasonal variation of 6300 Å line emission at Calcutta

The purpose of this paper is to find correlation between OI 6300 Å line intensity with solar and ionospheric parameters. A critical study have been made and the following important results are obtained:

A Study of the Solar Proton Flux Model

The solar proton event (SPE) may become a serious threat to the cosmonautical activities of human beings, so the prediction of the flux of solar protons within a certain period has important guiding significance for the projection of the anti-radiation solidification of space vehicles. On the basis of a statistical analysis of the data of SPEs in the 20th to 23rd cycles of solar activity, a new model of solar proton fluxes with E > 10 MeV and E > 30 MeV is established. In comparison with the JPL model, which is frequently adopted in the present aerospace engineering, the influence factor of solar activity on the occurrence of proton events is introduced, and it can be used to estimate the proton fluxes under various levels of solar activity. The results can better match the characteristics of the distribution of proton events.     

Observations of active galactic nuclei with the GT-48 CrAO gamma-ray telescope in 2004

Observations of several active galactic nuclei were performed with the GT-48 gamma-ray telescope at CrAO in 2004: 3C 66A, Mk 421, Mk 501, 1H 1426, 1ES 1959, and BL Lac. Very-high-energy (E ≥ 10¹² eV) gamma-ray fluxes were recorded from 3C 66A, Mk 421, Mk 501, and 1H 1426 at a confidence level of more than 4σ. Upper limits for the flux of very-high-energy gamma rays are presented for 1ES 1959 and BL Lac. The 2004 observational data for 3C 66A (z = 0.44) confirm the results obtained previously at CrAO.