中国南天山晚石炭世—早二叠世花岗质侵入岩的岩石成因与地壳增生

晚石炭世—早二叠世在中亚南天山造山带形成了大量的花岗质侵入岩.中国境内这些岩体以晚石炭世Ⅰ型花岗岩、早二叠世Ⅰ型和S型花岗岩以及最晚期的A型花岗岩为代表.不同类型的岩石在源区特征和岩浆形成的温压条件上存在一定的差异,而这些差异性反映了该时期内构造环境的演化过程.本文选取铁列克岩体、盲起苏岩体、英买来岩体、川乌鲁杂岩体、...     

闽西南龙岩地区印支期天宫山花岗岩体成因

天宫山花岗岩体成因的研究对闽西南地区岩浆演化及动力学过程有重要意义.天宫山岩体岩性主要为正长花岗岩.前人于天宫山岩体中利用K-Ar法测得年龄值为146~149 Ma,天宫山正长花岗岩中测得锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为233±2.0 Ma、230±2.8 Ma,为晚三叠世,属印支期.该岩体富硅,富碱,σ=1.21~2.55,A/CNK=0.97~1.73,属钙碱性系列,准铝质到过铝质范畴.岩石ΣREE较高,LREE相对富集,贫Al₂O₃和Sr,富Y和Yb,发育有明显的显微文象结构,具有较强的铕负异常,中等铈负异常到弱正异常;亏损大离子亲石元素,富集高场强元素.Ga/Al值高,具有A型花岗岩特征.w（P₂O₅）平均值为0.02%,低于高分异S型花岗岩;w（Na₂O）平均值为2.93%,高于高分异S型花岗岩;全铁含量w（TFeO）平均值为1.15%,高于高分异I型花岗岩.锆石饱和温度平均值为729.8℃.ε_Hf（t）全部为负值（-5.29~-10.69）,表明其物质起源可能主要为古元古代下地壳物质.参与成岩作用的岩浆来源于地壳物质的部分熔融,为同碰撞环境下形成的壳源型铝质A型花岗岩.在印支期碰撞-挤压为主的造山运动背景下,岩体在高温环境中经历了古元古代下地壳物质的初步熔融,经印支期运动伸展,部分地幔物质参与了经底侵作用.      

Geochemistry and zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopes of the 780 Ma I-type granites in the western Yangtze Block: petrogenesis and crustal evolution

ABSTRACT

Neoproterozoic I-type granites could provide vital insights into the crust–mantle interaction and the crustal evolution along the western Yangtze Block, South China. This paper presents new zircon U–Pb ages, bulk-rock geochemistry, and in situ zircon Lu–Hf isotope on the Dalu I-type granites from the southwestern Yangtze Block. Zircon U–Pb dating show the crystallization ages of 781.1 ± 2.8 Ma for granodiorites and 779.8 ± 2.0 Ma for granites, respectively. The Dalu granodiorites are Na-rich, calc-alkaline, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous (A/CNK = 0.94–1.08). Zircons from granodiorite have positive εHf(t) values (+2.16 to +7.39) with crustal model ages of 1.21–1.54 Ga, indicating juvenile mafic lower crust source. The Dalu granites are high-K calc-alkaline, peraluminous rocks. They have variable zircon εHf(t) values (?4.65 to +5.80) with crustal model ages of 1.31–1.97 Ga, suggesting that they were derived from the mature metasediment-derived melts by the mixing of newly formed mafic lower crust-derived melts. The geochemical variations in Dalu pluton is dominated not only by the different source rocks but also by the different melting temperatures. Combining with the geochemistry and isotopic compositions of I-type granitoids and tectonic setting in the western Yangtze Block, we propose that the Dalu I-type granodiorites–granites associations are the magmatic response from different crustal levels, which were induced by the heat anomaly due to the asthenosphere upwelling in the subduction-related setting.     

内蒙古达来庙地区晚石炭世花岗岩成因及其对兴蒙造山带北部构造体制转变的指示

达来庙岩体出露于内蒙古苏左旗北部中蒙边境一带,是二连-东乌旗晚古生代岛弧岩浆岩带的重要组成部分,对其开展研究可有效丰富对兴蒙造山带北缘构造演化的认识.野外观察、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及同位素地球化学研究结果表明,岩体由中部的中细粒黑云二长花岗岩和边部的中粒黑云二长花岗岩组成,岩石侵位年龄为301.2±2.1 Ma（MSWD=1.2,2σ）.岩体总体上具有富硅、贫铁、弱过铝质的特征,但中细粒花岗岩相对富钠,中粒花岗岩钾含量则明显升高.两类花岗岩均富Rb、Th、U、Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、P以及Nb、Ta等高场强元素,不过中粒花岗岩重稀土更加富集,Eu负异常也更显著.岩体具有亏损的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,（87Sr/86Sr）_i=0.703 6~0.707 5,ε_Nd（t）=0.08~2.77,ε_Hf（t）=4.70~11.50.岩石学及地球化学分析显示,达来庙岩体为幔源物质底侵形成的新生地壳部分熔融的产物,岩石成因类型为I型,但具有向A型花岗岩过渡的特征,岩体产出于造山晚期挤压隆升向陆内拉张的过渡阶段,其侵位指示了晚石炭世兴蒙造山带北缘构造应力场从挤压向拉张转变的具体时限.      

Late Neoproterozoic alkaline magmatism in the Arabian–Nubian Shield: the postcollisional A-type granite of Sahara–Umm Adawi pluton, Sinai, Egypt

The Sahara–Umm Adawi pluton is a Late Neoproterozoic postcollisional A-type granitoid pluton in Sinai segment of the Arabian–Nubian Shield that was emplaced within voluminous calc-alkaline I-type granite host rocks during the waning stages of the Pan-African orogeny and termination of a tectonomagmatic compressive cycle. The western part of the pluton is downthrown by clysmic faults and buried beneath the Suez rift valley sedimentary fill, while the exposed part is dissected by later Tertiary basaltic dykes and crosscut along with its host rocks by a series of NNE-trending faults. This A-type granite pluton is made up wholly of hypersolvus alkali feldspar granite and is composed of perthite, quartz, alkali amphibole, plagioclase, Fe-rich red biotite, accessory zircon, apatite, and allanite. The pluton rocks are highly evolved ferroan, alkaline, and peralkaline to mildly peraluminous A-type granites, displaying the typical geochemical characteristics of A-type granites with high SiO₂, Na₂O + K₂O, FeO*/MgO, Ga/Al, Zr, Nb, Ga, Y, Ce, and rare earth elements (REE) and low CaO, MgO, Ba, and Sr. Their trace and REE characteristics along with the use of various discrimination schemes revealed their correspondence to magmas derived from crustal sources that has gone through a continent–continent collision (postorogenic or postcollisional), with minor contribution from mantle source similar to ocean island basalt. The assumption of crustal source derivation and postcollisional setting is substantiated by highly evolved nature of this pluton and the absence of any syenitic or more primitive coeval mafic rocks in association with it. The slight mantle signature in the source material of these A-type granites is owed to the juvenile Pan-African Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) crust (I-type calc-alkaline) which was acted as a source by partial melting of its rocks and which itself of presumably large mantle source. The extremely high Rb/Sr ratios combined with the obvious Sr, Ba, P, Ti, and Eu depletions clearly indicate that these A-type granites were highly evolved and require advanced fractional crystallization in upper crustal conditions. Crystallization temperature values inferred average around 929°C which is in consistency with the presumably high temperatures of A-type magmas, whereas the estimated depth of emplacement ranges between 20 and 30 km (upper-middle crustal levels within the 40 km relatively thick ANS crust). The geochronologically preceding Pan-African calc-alkaline I-type continental arc granitoids (the Egyptian old and younger granites) associated with these rocks are thought to be the crustal source of f this A-type granite pluton and others in the Arabian–Nubian Shield by partial melting caused by crustal thickening due to continental collision at termination of the compressive orogeny in the Arabian–Nubian Shield.     

扬子板块西缘新元古代典型中酸性岩浆事件及其深部动力学机制:研究进展与展望

华南板块发育有巨量新元古代岩浆岩,因而是研究罗迪尼亚（Rodinia）超大陆演化期间华南板块地幔属性、地壳演化和壳幔相互作用最理想的场所。虽然在扬子西缘新元古代镁铁质和酸性岩浆作用方面已有大量的研究,但是在系统研究中酸性花岗岩类所代表的不同深部动力学意义的方面还较为薄弱。文章基于团队近期对于扬子板块西缘新元古代典型花岗岩类的研究成果,系统揭示不同深度层次的岩浆作用。最新研究支持扬子西缘新元古代受控于俯冲构造背景,除发生俯冲流体和板片熔体交代地幔作用外,最新识别的ca.850~835 Ma高Mg#闪长岩指示俯冲沉积物熔体也参与了地幔交代作用。Ca.840~835 Ma过铝质花岗岩的发现说明扬子西缘新元古代时期不仅存在新生镁铁质下地壳的熔融,也发生了俯冲背景下成熟大陆地壳物质的重熔。Ca.780 Ma Ⅰ型花岗闪长岩-花岗岩组合揭示了俯冲阶段后期板片回撤断离后软流圈地幔瞬时上涌引发的不同地壳层次的岩浆响应。从ca.800 Ma的增厚下地壳来源的埃达克质花岗岩到ca.750 Ma的酸性地壳来源的A型花岗岩的出现,表明扬子西缘新元古代时期经历了俯冲有关的地壳增厚到俯冲后期弧后扩张背景下的区域性地壳减薄。      

长江中下游成矿带的幔根构造与深部找矿

长江中下游铁铜金多金属成矿带,正处于华北板块与扬子板块碰撞造山带的断裂构造部位.由于岩石圈大尺度不连续和地壳减薄无山根的成矿背景,促使燕山期热事件成为断裂-盆地-岩浆-成矿带的响应.区内Ⅰ型花岗岩是地幔基性岩浆底侵与壳幔相互作用的结果,包体研究和透明地震反射区资料证明它们具有软流圈上涌与下地壳拆沉作用的印记,也是幔根构造的源地.正因为透岩浆流体作用,形成大量金属矿床,因而这些矿床的成矿时代具有突发性和规律性,同时成矿物质来源具有多源性和不均匀性;成矿流体具有同一性和矿床类型的多样性;成矿期次具有叠加改造性.从S、Pb、Sr、H、O、C、Si、Cu等同位素组成取得的信息,也可作为幔根构造壳幔同熔成矿的佐证.按照幔根构造成矿机理分析,预测本区仍有第二成矿空间(-500～-2 000 m),建议以"类埃达克岩(体)"为中心的地区,可作为新一轮找矿的首选区.运用综合方法(遥感、磁、电、重、地震及深穿透地球化学等),以探明深部与下古生界碳酸盐岩的接触带为主攻目标,建立四维成矿模型,确定找矿靶区,尽快进行钻探验证.     

新疆东准噶尔老鸦泉岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学组成

老鸦泉岩体是贝勒库都克锡矿带内最大的花岗岩体,它主要由黑云母钾长花岗岩组成。通过对2件样品的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素年龄测定,获得其206Pb/238U年龄值分别为301±2 Ma和300±5 Ma,指示该岩体侵位时代为晚石炭世。岩石地球化学组成表明,老鸦泉碱长花岗岩具有富硅、富碱,相对富集Rb、K、Th、U、Nd、Hf等元素,而贫Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素,具强负Eu异常,总体显示A型花岗岩的地球化学特征。锆石U-Pb年龄及岩石地球化学特征都表明老鸦泉岩体的形成与晚石炭世北疆强烈的后碰撞岩浆活动有着密切关系。     

陕南铁船山岩体的地球化学特征、成因及其形成的构造环境

扬子克拉通北缘的铁船山岩体形成于新元古代，其岩石类型为霓石－钠铁门石花岗岩，岩石富碱质、Ｓｔ、Ｆｅ、ＲＥＥ和高场强元素，而贫Ａｌ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ等组分，δＥｕ＝０．２０，Ａ／ＫＮＣ＝０．８５，Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＝１．０９，Ａ·Ｒ＝９．２８，岩石属典型的Ａ型花岗岩，Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ和Ｏ同位素示踪反映其成岩物质来自于壳幔混合源区。根据区域地质背景的综合分析，岩体形成于活动陆缘的张裂构造环境，属活动板块边缘拉张型花岗岩。     

都庞岭环斑花岗岩的形成时代、成因及其地质意义

以往将位于湘南、桂东北的都庞岭花岗岩基分为西体、中体和东体三部分。野外观察和岩相学研究表明,都庞岭中体和东体主要由黑云母正长花岗岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和二云母二长花岗岩组成,岩石具斑状结构,部分钾长石斑晶呈椭球状至球状,具斜长石环边,构成环斑结构。采用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb法获得都庞岭中体和东体中环斑花岗岩的侵位年龄分别为226.6±6.9 Ma和209.7±3.1 Ma,均属于晚三叠世,相当于印支晚期。都庞岭环斑花岗岩富硅、碱,贫钛、磷、镁和钙,其Rb、Cs、Th、U、REE、Pb、Y含量和Rb/Sr、Rb/Ba比值较高,而Sr、Ba含量和Zr/Hf比值(8.16~25.01)较低,具强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.02~0.13),10000×Ga/Al比值(2.64~4.38,平均3.15)高,显示A型花岗岩的地球化学特征。与华南印支早期S型花岗岩相比,都庞岭环斑花岗岩的εNd(t)值(-8.0~-8.3)明显偏高(前者低于-10),而tDM2值(1624~1645 Ma)则明显偏低(前者1800 Ma),表明它们可能直接源于地壳物质的部分熔融,但成岩过程中有地幔物质的参与。都庞岭环斑花岗岩的发现及其时代的确定,揭示了晚三叠世华南东部处于大陆裂解或造山后伸展的构造环境。结合华南东部沉积/岩石大地构造分析,认为华南早中生代构造体制的转换发生在中、晚三叠世,而非前人所认为的发生在中、晚侏罗世;同时,环斑花岗岩的出现,指示了华南中生代大规模成矿作用的来临,晚三叠世是华南中生代大规模成矿的第一个高峰期。     

Co-development of Jurassic I-type and A-type granites in southern Hunan,South China: Dual control by plate subduction and intraplate mantle upwelling

Two types of spatially and temporally associated Jurassic granitic rocks, I-type and A-type, occur as pluton pairs in several locations in southern Hunan Province, South China. This paper aims to investigate the genetic relationships and tectonic mechanisms of the co-development of distinct granitic rocks through petrological, geochemical and geochronological studies. Zircon LA-ICPMS dating results yielded concordant U–Pb ages ranging from 180 to 148 Ma for the Baoshan and Tongshanling I-type granodiorites, and from 180 to 158 Ma for the counterpart Huangshaping and Tuling A-type granites. Petrologically, the I-type granodiorites consist of mafic minerals such as hornblende whereas the A-type granites are dominated by felsic minerals (e.g., quartz, K-feldspar and plagioclase). Major and trace element analyses indicate that the I-type granodiorites have relatively low SiO₂ (64.5–71.0%) and relatively high TiO₂ (0.28–0.51%), Al₂O₃ (13.8–15.5%), total FeO (2.3–4.7%), MgO (1.3–2.6%) and P₂O₅ (0.10–0.23%) contents, and the A-type granites are characterized by high concentrations of Rb (212–1499?ppm), Th (18.3–52.6?ppm), U (11.8–33.6?ppm), Ga (20.0–36.6?ppm), Y (27.1–134.0?ppm) and HREE (20.3–70.0?ppm), with pronounced negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*?=?0.01–0.15). Moreover, the I-type granodiorites are classified as collision-related granites emplaced under a compressional environment, whereas the A-type granites are within-plate granites generated in an extensional setting. Zircon Hf isotopic compositions vary substantially for these granitic rocks. The I-type granodiorites are characterized by relatively young Hf model ages (T_DM1?=?1065–1302 Ma, T_DM^C =1589–2061 Ma) and moderately negative εHf(t) values (–5.9 to –11.5), whereas the A-type granites have very old model ages (T_DM1?=?1454–2215 Ma, T_DM^C?=?2211–2974 Ma) and pronounced negative εHf(t) values (–15.8 to –28.3). These petrochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that the I-type granodiorites may have been derived from a deep source involving mantle-derived juvenile (basaltic) and crustal (pelitic) components, whereas the A-type granites may have been sourced from melting of meta-greywacke in the crust. This study proposes that the pressure and temperature differences in the source regions caused by combined effects of intra-plate mantle upwelling and plate subduction are the major controlling factors of the co-development of the two different types of magmas. Crustal anatexis related to lithospheric delamination and upwelling of hot asthenosphere under a high pressure and temperature environment led to the formation of the I-type magmas. On the other hand, the A-type magmas were formed from melting of the shallower part of the crust, where extensional stress was dominant and mantle-crust interaction was relatively weak. Rifts and faults caused by mantle upwelling developed from surface to depth and successively became channels for the ascending I- and A-type magmas, resulting in the emplacement of magmas in adjacent areas from sources at different depths.     

Magma Mixing for the Origin of the Granites. Geochemistry, Sr-Nd Isotopic, Zircon U-Pb Dating and Hf Isotopic Evidences from the Triassic Mishuling Monzonitic Granite and Its Enclaves, Qinling Orogen (Central China)

Major and trace element, whole rock Sr-Nd isotope, mineral chemistry, zircon U-Pb and Hf isotope compositions are reported for a suite of I-type monzogranite and its marie microgranular enclaves from the Triassic (210±2 Ma) Mishuling pluton, Qinling orogen, central China, with the aim of investigating the sources and petrogenesis of I-type granites.     

郯庐断裂带南段两侧花岗岩地球化学特征:对大别造山带中-下地壳流动的限定

大别造山带形成于印支期华南、华北板块陆-陆碰撞过程中。大别造山带造山后发生了山根减薄,其可能的动力学机制为岩石圈拆沉或中-下地壳的塑性流动。为了检验大别造山带是否在造山后发生过中-下地壳流动,本次工作从对比郯庐断裂带南段两侧大别造山带及洪镇、月山地区花岗岩地球化学特征入手,对同样位于郯庐断裂带南段东侧的徐桥岩体开展地球化学研究,为大别造山带造山后是否经历过中-下地壳流动提供证据。本次工作对徐桥岩体的研究表明,该岩体侵位时间为127Ma左右;具有较高的Si O_2和全碱含量;明显富集Rb、Th、U、Pb等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE);稀土元素配分图解中表现为轻稀土富集和重稀土亏损的右倾配分模式,具有较弱的Eu负异常。徐桥岩体的地球化学特征与造山带东侧的月山岩体类似,且与下扬子地区沿江地区侵入岩基本一致。但同样位于造山带东侧的洪镇岩体,其地球化学特征与月山、徐桥岩体明显不同,而与大别造山带一致的地球化学特征,说明两者可能具有相似的源区。基于以上分析,笔者推断洪镇花岗岩的物质来源可能为大别造山带加厚的地壳。而大别造山带东侧出现造山带地壳物质的现象表明造山带在造山后发生过地壳的塑形流动。由于大别造山带中-下地壳物质穿过郯庐断裂带南段,表明郯庐断裂带造山后大规模左行平移事件应发生于大别造山带地壳流动变形之前。     

福建北东沿海高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩的成因:锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学和Nd-Hf同位素制约

以福建北东沿海的南镇、大层山、三沙和大京四个岩体为对象,系统研究了它们的年代学和地球化学特征,并据此探讨了岩体的成因。锆石LA—ICP—MSU—Pb定年结果表明,南镇、大层山、三沙和大京岩体的成岩年龄分别为96．1±2．7Ma、93．1±2．4Ma、91．5±1．5Ma和93．8±1．8Ma,指示它们均为晚白垩世岩浆活动的产物。这些岩体的组成矿物主要为石英和条纹长石,并含有一定量斜长石（〈15％）,铁镁矿物主要为少量黑云母,未出现碱性铁镁矿物,副矿物组合中普遍出现榍石而未见铝过饱和矿物。化学组成上表现为高硅、富碱、准铝,贫钙、镁、铁,Rb／Sr比值高,K／Rb比值低,富Cs、Rb、Th、u、Pb,贫Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Eu。岩石的FeO^＊／MgO比值较低（=3．44—5．04）,10^4×Ga／Al比值和Zr＋Nb＋Ce＋Y含量均低于A型花岗岩的下限值,其锆石饱和温度也较低（730—779℃）,综合地质地球化学特征指示这些岩体应属高分异的Ⅰ型花岗岩。四个岩体的Nd同位素组成较均-（εNd（t）=-4．2～-5．5）,而锆石Hf同位素则具较大的变化范围（εHf（t）=-11．6～4．5）,εHf（t）值散布于正值与负值之间,变化幅度可达10个εHf单位以上,指示岩体的形成存在不同来源物质的贡献。岩石的形成极可能经历了壳幔物质在源区混合形成原始岩浆,随后这一壳幔混源岩浆又经高程度分异演化的二阶段成岩过程,而并非起源于幔源岩浆底侵形成的初生地壳与古老基底地壳混合的地壳原岩的部分熔融。     

浙江洪公铝质A型花岗岩类的岩石地球化学及其构造环境

初步研究表明,以往被认为是典型的I型花岗岩质岩石的浙江洪公岩体应为铝质A型花岗岩质岩石。该岩体以高钾为特征,K2O 达5％以上,K2O/ Na2O＞1.2,准铝-过铝质（A/NKC=0.80 ～1.14）;FeO*/MgO比值大（平均14.20）,高于M型、S型和I型花岗岩;富含稀土元素（ΣREE=313.09×10-6～523.73×10-6）,具有较高的Ga/Al（′104）值（2.92～4.29）和（Zr+Nb+Ce+Y）元素组合值（551.5′10－6～987.4′10－6）,而亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等;Nd同位素模式年龄为1.3—1.6Ga,反映洪公岩体主要起源于地壳物质的部分熔融。区域背景、构造被动定位特点和地球化学综合分析表明,洪公岩体形成于拉张的构造环境。     

A型花岗岩的微量元素地球化学

本文总结和评述了A型花岗岩典型的微量元素特征,如富集Ga、稀土元素（除Eu外）和高场强元素,亏损Ba、Sr和明显的Eu负异常。分别讨论了影响微量元素特征的多种制约因素,主要包括源区性质、岩浆的物理化学条件、岩浆作用过程和络合作用。通过对比世界范围内几个地区相伴生的碱性A型花岗岩和铝质A型花岗岩的微量元素地球化学特征,发现前者Ga、F含量更高,而轻重稀土比值小,Eu、Ba、Sr等元素含量更低,显示了前者的岩浆分异作用更强,同时说明了碱性A型花岗岩可以由与之伴生的铝质A型花岗岩分异而来。     

A型花岗岩的研究进展及意义

A型花岗岩主要形成于伸展的构造背景中,是构造环境识别的重要岩石学标志之一。由于形成于特殊的构造背景和重要的地球动力学意义,A型花岗岩的研究一直得到广泛的关注,但是仍旧有许多问题(如命名、分类和成因等)在争论之中。本文从下面几个方面对A型花岗岩的研究现状进行了较系统的总结:(1)A型花岗岩的概念及特征;(2)A型花岗岩与高分异I、S型花岗岩的区别;(3)A型花岗岩的物质来源及成因模式;(4)A型花岗岩的实验岩石学成果;(5)A型花岗岩的分类;(6)A型花岗岩的构造背景及动力学意义。A型花岗岩在形成过程中斜长石、斜方辉石可能为主要的残留或分离结晶矿物相。除了传统的A1(非造山)、A2(后碰撞)分类外,"还原型"和"氧化型"的分类方案最近也受到广泛关注。     

黄陵岩基A型花岗岩的厘定

黄陵岩基A型花岗岩为钾长-二长花岗岩,为准铝质、富SiO2、高碱、低CaO和MgO、高FeO*/MgO;明显亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Eu,富Nb、Th、Zr、Y等高场强元素,Ga/Al比值高。这些特征与该区I型花岗岩有明显的区别,是一种典型的A2型花岗岩。黄陵岩基A型花岗岩形成时代为800~770Ma,表明扬子地块北缘在新元古代处于拉张阶段,可能与Rodinia超大陆的裂解背景有关。     

庐枞盆地侵入岩的时空格架及其对成矿的制约

庐枞中生代火山盆地位于长江中下游断陷带内,地处扬子板块的北缘。庐枞盆地内火山岩和侵入岩分布广泛,包括龙门院、砖桥、双庙和浮山四组火山岩以及34个侵入岩体。本次工作在详细野外地质调查的基础上,结合作者已有的5个岩体(巴家滩岩体、城山岩体、花山岩体、黄梅尖岩体和枞阳岩体)年代学的研究工作,系统开展了盆地侵入岩体的年代学和时空分布特征研究。通过侵入岩锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年方法,本次研究确定庐枞盆地内15个主要侵入岩体的成岩时代分别为:黄屯岩体134.4±2.2Ma、岳山岩体132.7±1.5Ma、拔茅山岩体132.7±1.9Ma、尖山岩体132.0±1.3Ma、谢瓦泥岩体131.6±1.1Ma、龙桥岩体131.1±1.5Ma、焦冲岩体129.6±1.3Ma、土地山岩体127.4±2.8Ma、凤凰山岩体128.4±0.9Ma、罗岭岩体126.3±2.0Ma、龙王尖岩体126.5±1.5Ma、小岭岩体126.2±1.8Ma、大缸窑岩体125.9±1.3Ma、巴坛岩体125.1±1.1Ma、毛王庙岩体123.9±1.9Ma。从而得出庐枞盆地内侵入岩的成岩时代界于134～123Ma之间,属于早白垩世,并进一步将庐枞盆地内侵入岩划分成2期,其中早期侵入岩主要为二长岩和闪长岩类,主要分布在盆地北部,与龙门院旋回和砖桥旋回火山活动关系密切,岩体侵位受火山机构和北东向构造联合控制,成岩时代为134～130Ma;晚期侵入岩还可分为两类,第一类主要为正长岩类,分布在盆地南部,主要受盆地内火山机构和北北东向断裂控制,侵入活动与双庙旋回和浮山旋回火山岩浆活动相对应,成岩时代为129～123Ma;第二类主要为A型花岗岩,分布于盆地东南缘,成岩时代为126～123Ma,主要受区域北北东向大断裂控制,而与盆地火山机构无关。庐枞盆地内与岩浆岩有关的铁、铜、金、铅、锌、铀矿床可划分为3个成矿系列,其中砖桥旋回形成的二长岩类与罗河、泥河和龙桥等铁矿床、岳山铅锌矿床及井边和拔茅山铜矿床关系密切,双庙旋回形成的正长岩类与马口等铁矿床关系密切,而晚期的A型花岗岩与3440矿床等金、铀矿化关系密切。长江中下游地区燕山期存在145～136Ma、135～127Ma、126～123Ma等三期成岩(成矿)作用,庐枞盆地内侵入岩对应于该区域第二和第三期岩浆活动的产物,其形成时代明显晚于长江中下游成矿带断隆区内与斑岩型-矽卡岩型铜(铁)、金矿床有关的高钾钙碱性岩体(第一期)。庐枞盆地内侵入岩形成于区域岩石圈伸展的构造环境。     

秦岭造山带东江口花岗岩体群的地球化学研究及其构造环境

陕南秦岭造山带东江口花岗岩体群含磁铁矿极高,并含镁质黑云母,稀土元素负铕异常极不明显,氧同位素和锶初始比值都较低.因此,东江口岩体肛为一典型的Ⅰ型花岗岩.用数学地质和图解法与全球重要造山带花岗岩的地质地球化学特征类比后发现,本岩体群花岗岩为碰撞型花岗岩,是秦岭造山带碰撞造山的产物.据此分析了晚古生代秦岭造山带的演化.讨论了花岗岩成因类型与其构造环境的关系,认为碰撞型花岗岩既可是S型花岗岩,也可以是Ⅰ型花岗岩,这主要与花岗岩的源区岩石有关.而与构造环境没有必然的关系.