川滇地区主要活动断裂运动特征及地震危险性分析

利用1980~2019年跨断层形变资料,基于断层三维运动模型和改进的灰色关联度方法研究川滇地区主要活动断裂的运动特征及地震危险性。结果表明：1）鲜水河断裂带总体呈左旋拉张运动,并具有明显的分段差异性运动特征;则木河断裂带具有正-逆断阶段性变化特征;滇南和滇西北主要表现为拉张运动。2）断层三维累积活动量与改进的灰色关联度综合指标对断裂附近6级以上地震均具有明显的震前异常及震后趋势转折变化,可能与断裂附近强震孕育-发生、同震及震后调整等影响有关。3）通过分析跨断层综合指标可知,川滇地区需重点关注鲜水河断裂带南东段、则木河断裂带及滇南地区。     

从中国大陆重力潮汐观测看印尼 Ms8.7地震的重力效应

对2004年12月26日印尼 Ms8.7地震前后中国重力台站的观测资料进行了分析,根据M2波潮汐因子的月变化曲线及加卸载响应比讨论了该次地震可能引起的重力趋势性变化.分析结果表明,印尼 Ms8.7地震引起的M2波潮汐因子趋势性变化是明显的,但在不同地区趋势并不相同.     

川滇地区2010～2013年重力变化及重力网的地震监测能力

研究了当前川滇地区重力网的分形特征,发现其分形维数为1.43~1.62,对应格网距为30~60km,具备了监测Ms5.0级以上地震的能力。选择20′(约37km)的格网间距,对研究区域内2010~2013年的重力变化数据进行格网化,并分析重力变化与地震的关系。虽然经历了芦山Ms7.0级地震的能量释放,但是龙门山断裂带西南段与鲜水河断裂带东南段交叉地带仍然存在较强重力变化,对该区域的震情需继续加强监测。     

印尼地震对我国川滇地区地壳水平活动的影响

2005年1~2月用GPS技术对中国川滇地区及中国南部进行了精密流动与连续监测,综合利用1999年、2001年和2004年的数据及GPS处理技术获取了2004年12月26日印尼苏门答腊地震(Ms8.7)对监测区所产生的同震水平位移场。由水平位移图可知,此次地震对川滇地区及其以东及中国南部地区的影响是显著的,其特征为对四川地区的影响相对较小,数值为数毫米,优势位移方向为西;对云南地区的影响较大,数值一般为10~20mm,变化趋势为“北小南大”,优势位移方向为西南。应变分析表明,此次地震对该区造成的区域应变非常突出,并且占主导地位,南北方向表现为整体拉伸,东西方向为“北张南压”,面应变除南缘为收缩外几乎整个区域为面膨胀,并呈现“北大南小”的变化特征,最大剪应变则恰好相反。由此反映的相对位移在该区南北端的差别接近20mm,与背景应变场的结果相比有很大的差异。另由拉萨、昆明和广州等连续监测站的结果可知,西藏地区没有受到显著的影响,西沙群岛和海南地区向西南位移了大约20mm,云南地区向西南位移了大约12mm,泸州及福建沿海地区没有明显的变化。     

川滇菱形地块的运动特征及其与地震关系的探讨

本文利用楚雄地震台1983—1986年FSQ型水管倾斜仪及SSY—Ⅱ型石英伸缩仪所观测到的形变资料,作了如下两方面的工作: 1、探讨近年来川滇菱形块体的运动特征; 2、讨论1985年以来一系列中强震与块体运动的关系。 结论是:楚雄台的倾斜、应变长期变化反映了川滇地区菱形地块的构造运动形迹;而一系列中强地震的发生,基本上集中在1984年块体加速运动之后。     

漾濞6.4级地震孕震背景分析和跨断层定量化异常指标提取

基于云南省内11处跨断层场地资料,结合跨断层数据分析方法,系统提取云南地区地震综合预测指标,并对其在漾濞6.4级地震前的映震能力进行分析。结果表明,跨断层资料在漾濞地震发生前存在显著的中期异常,且漾濞地震的发生可能与川滇菱形块体西边界的活动增强有关。跨断层中期指标对漾濞地震作出较好的预测,短期指标虽然也通过了效能评估,但预报效能稍差。在后续的跨断层资料分析中,应更加注重中期异常及中期预测指标的提取和应用,总结得到的综合指标可应用于云南地区的震情跟踪工作。     

川滇地区现今三维地壳运动特征

利用1999~2018年GPS观测资料和1974~2014年2期（1974~1984、2013~2014）精密水准资料研究川滇地区现今三维地壳运动特征。结果表明：1）水平运动以继承性运动为主,近年滇西南地区旋转明显减弱;汶川地震导致龙门山断裂带西侧及川滇菱形块体东边界构造应力重新调整,近年震后调整明显减弱,正在向震前状态恢复;2）垂直运动总体表现为差异性隆升运动,且川滇西北部的上升运动速率明显大于东南部;龙门山断裂带北部高原地区的隆升速率为3~4 mm/a,川西高原的隆升速率为1~3 mm/a,滇西北地区的隆升速率为1~2 mm/a,滇西南思茅-江西村地区的下降速率为2~3 mm/a,川滇其他地区的运动速率基本在-1~1 mm/a;3）主要活动断裂两侧基本均存在一定的垂直差异性运动,鲜水河和龙门山断裂带差异性运动明显,并且具有分段性;4）川滇地区水平运动和垂直运动在地质构造上具有较好的一致性,近期龙门山断裂带西侧高原的水平运动减缓,挤压变形减弱,可能预示该地区将逐渐进入新一轮的能量积累时期,需要持续关注。     

太原盆地地震潜势分析

将太原盆地划分为4个区段,利用近年来在各区段取得的古地震数据,通过实时概率模型,对每个区段分别进行强震潜势的定量评估。得出太原 文水区与太谷区未来50年内发生7级以上强震的概率分别为7.1%和15%, 100年内为13.9%与27.8%, 而介休 平遥区与汾阳区发生7级以上强震的可能性极小。     

GNSS监测的川滇地区地壳形变动态变化特征

利用1999~2015年陆态网和四川省CORS网GNSS数据，研究川滇地区地壳形变动态变化特征，按照1999~2004年、2004~2007年、2007~2009年、2009~2011年、2011~2013年、2013~2015年建立6期地壳速度场和应变率场，并进行对比分析。研究表明，川滇地区地壳水平运动整体以继承性运动为主，汶川地震等强震没有改变区域整体运动趋势与作用力方向，但速度场随时间变化更加复杂且量级有所增加，特别是在龙门山断裂西侧，汶川地震后运动速率明显增加。川滇地区应变率数值和形变状态随时间呈现较为明显的动态变化特征，变化较大区域主要位于龙门山断裂、鲜水河断裂、小江断裂等深大断裂周边，表明川滇地区断裂活动对地壳形变影响显著。     

现今中国东北地区地震活动特征与趋势探讨

分析现今中国东北地区地震活动特征,得到几点结论性认识：1）从中国东北地区地震活动期的时间韵律特征和第5活动期的持续时间、地震次数等指标来看,现今中国东北地区地震活动第5活动期已经结束,2018年、2019年吉林松原5.7级、5.1级地震,或标志着中国东北地区进入了第6活动期。2）2013~2019年中国东北地区地震活动主体地区位于松辽盆地和大兴安岭地区,2个地区具有以大兴安岭与松辽盆地的分界线为轴迁移对跳的活动特征。分析5组迁移对跳轨迹认为,未来的地震具有向大兴安岭地区迁移的可能。3）以松辽盆地南缘为界,形成中国东北地区成对地震与非成对地震活动的分界线。1900年以来中国东北地区的成对地震主要发生在松辽盆地和大兴安岭地区,成对地震时间间隔为0.1~37.0个月,距离间隔最远至309.0 km,震级差最大为0.7级。松辽盆地和大兴安岭地区共发生27次5.0级以上地震,其中24次地震具有成对活动性质,成对地震发生率约为89%。成对地震中,发生在松辽盆地的占71%,发生在大兴安岭地区的占29%。成对地震活动规律在松辽盆地和大兴安岭地区具有普适性特征,可作为该区域的预测指标。4）对比2013~2015年和2015~2018年中国东北地区的面应变率结果可见,变化最为显著的区域位于松辽盆地中部,这个区域也是整个中国东北地区变化最为明显的区域,未来仍需关注该区域的地震危险性。5）松辽盆地仍将是中国东北地区浅源地震活动的主体地区。     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied