面向对象的无人机遥感影像烟草种植面提取和监测

无人机遥感影像技术用于农业种植面积、长势、轮作的监测和管理,取得了非常喜人的效果。文章应用无人机遥感影像和遥感图像处理软件eCognition,以面向对象的遥感影像分析方法提取临沂市沂水万亩示范园区2012年烟草种植面积及其分布信息。分类结果表明,利用面向对象的分类方法解译无人机获取的高分辨率遥感影像可以获得精确的烟草种植信息,为大区域烟草种植面积的自动监测提供了广阔的前景。     

模糊超像素分割算法的无人机影像烟株精细提取

实现烟草单株自动化提取对加快烟草农业信息化有着重要意义,但目前烟株精细的提取还存在较大困难。因此,提出了一种基于模糊超像素分割(fuzzy-superpixels,FS)算法的无人机烟株提取方法。首先通过绿地提取方法得到无人机影像中的植被覆盖区域;然后利用FS算法对影像进行超像素分割,并统计超像素的均值、亮度、形状指数、长宽比、自定义植被指数等特征;最后通过计算超像素的特征阈值,对烟株数目进行精细提取和统计。选取3景无人机影像作为实验数据,实验结果表明,该方法提取烟株的总体精度分别为84.28%,89.05%和82.97%。该方法可实现对烟株的自动化提取,为后期计算烟草产量提供有效参考。     

基于DSM的城市建筑变化监测技术

基于城市地区人工建筑物的变化主要反映在高度上的变化这一特点,根据两个不同时期的无人机航拍影像生成的不同时相的DSM,监测城市人工建筑物的变化区域。利用不同时期的无人机影像进行了实验,从实验结果分析认为,所提出的方法是可靠的,同时该方法具有简单、直观且易于操作的优点。     

多时相Radarsat数据在广东肇庆地区稻田分类中的应用

将1996年获取的4个时相的Radarsat图像用于广东肇庆地区的稻田分类试验,结果表明,多时相Radarsat数据对水稻类型的识别精度较高,而且稻田的轮作规律容易推测出来。本文系统地介绍了这一试验研究的最新进展,探讨了神经网络分类方法在SAR图像处理中的应用潜力和Radarsat数据在中国南方水稻监测中的最佳时相选择和有效分辨率问题。     

SBAS-InSAR技术与无人机影像融合的滑坡变形监测北大核心CSCD

山体滑坡对人类安全造成严重影响,准确识别滑坡变形对预防滑坡灾害具有重要意义。利用SBAS-InSAR技术可以进行空间连续地表变形监测,但无法精确获取滑坡边界的变化。为了综合监测滑坡,本文首先采用SBAS-InSAR技术与无人机影像结合的滑坡变形监测方法,利用2018年1月1日—2020年12月24日,共计80幅升轨Sentinel-1A SAR影像,进行了VV极化和VH极化数据处理;然后通过SBAS-InSAR技术获取滑坡区地表雷达视线(LOS)方向变形速率,选取了若干变形点进行滑坡体变形时序分析;最后采用无人机获取滑坡影像并提取滑坡边界,分析了滑坡边界的变形。试验结果表明,利用SBAS-InSAR技术获取的滑坡变形和无人机获取的滑坡变形趋势基本吻合,通过该方法可以获取滑坡的综合变形情况,对滑坡活动性的判断具有重要意义。     

汶川地震灾区无人机遥感影像获取与可视化管理系统研究

介绍无人机遥感影像获取、纠正、配准及可视化管理的关键技术与系统研发.论文设计无人机影像获取及三维可视化管理系统的框架结构,包括航迹规划、无人机影像获取、影像预处理及三维可视化4个子系统;讨论了基于高分辨率遥感影像的无人机影像配准、无人机影像的空间索引管理、基于四叉树的影像金字塔及细节层次模型等关键技术.基于自主研发的虚拟地理环境数字地球平台(VGE-3DGJobeEanh),构建了汶川地震应急三维可视化遥感影像管理系统,在"5·12"汶川地震的救援与次生灾害应急中进行了实践应用.同时该系统可继续服务于汶川地震灾后重建的信息共享管理、发布以及空间决策支持.     

低空无人机遥感系统在海岛潮间带监测中的应用

目前我国传统海岛潮间带监测基本上采用载人机航空摄影测量与卫星遥感的这两种方法。本文研究利用无人机遥感系统,通过相机标定与POS后差分等技术手段,获取海岛高、低潮位两期遥感影像,并对两期影像进行对比实验,得到海岛潮间带监测数据,验证了低空无人机遥感系统能够在海岛潮间带监测中的成功应用。本文方法丰富了海岛动态监测手段,能为行政主管部门提供准确及时的海岛及其潮间带空间地理信息。     

三维激光点云和无人机倾斜模型的融合应用

在对建筑物进行三维实景数据采集时,地面三维激光扫描和无人机倾斜摄影测量是常用的技术手段,通过两种手段获取的数据类型不同,对空间的展示效果及精度也存在差异,特别是在获取建筑物顶部和近地部分的数据各有优劣势,将无人机获取的建筑物顶部数据和地面三维激光扫描获取的近地部分数据进行处理,通过空间多个同名公共点进行转换、匹配,将点云和模型两种数据融合。本文以一个古城门为例进行数据采集,介绍了外业测量和内业处理的方法,并对融合精度进行了分析、探讨。     

基于UAV和GIS技术的地灾监测方法

以无人机低空遥感为平台,对无人机在复杂地形条件下地质灾害监测中数据获取和数据处理,并采用GIS空间分析进行灾害规模和损失评价的方法进行了研究,最后以武隆鸡尾山山体垮塌和城口庙坝堰塞湖灾害监测为例进行了验证。结果表明,采用无人机低空遥感技术手段进行地质灾害监测能为救灾决策提供准确的基础数据和强大的技术支撑,具有重大的战略实用价值。     

基于GIS的烟草精准施肥配方系统研究

提出了基于GIS的烟草精准施肥配方系统框架与实现方法,分析阐述了各个功能模块。建立了平顶山烟区生态环境空间数据库、精准施肥配方模型,并通过实验和专家经验建立了模型参数以及参数修正的专家模型。详细阐述了气象与土壤样点数据的处理和施肥模型中参数确定两个关键技术。系统在平顶山烟区指导烟草生产中取得了良好的效果。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。