基于PSO-DSRVM的边坡变形预测

为了建立高精度的边坡位移预测模型,文章采用基于粒子群优化(PSO)的双稀疏相关向量机(DSRVM)建立边坡稳定性和影响因素之间的非线性关系。双稀疏相关向量机是在变分和相关向量机(RVM)框架下提出的一种多核组合优化的方法,相比于RVM和其他多核学习方法,DSRVM不仅有更少的训练时间,并且能够得到更高的预测精度。由于DSRVM的核参数对预测效果的影响较大,文章采用粒子群算法实现多个核参数的优化选取并应用于边坡位移预测。最后将本文提出的基于粒子群优化的双稀疏相关向量机(PSO-DSRVM)预测结果与极限学习机(ELM)和小波神经网络(WNN)预测结果进行对比,通过均方根误差(RMSE)、复相关系数(R²)和平均相对预测误差(ARPE)进行评价,验证了PSO-DSRVM模型在边坡变形预测上的可行性。     

基于优化的BP神经网络地层可钻性预测模型

提出了一种粒子群算法（PSO）优化的BP网络模型预测地层可钻性的新方法。利用粒子群算法优化BP网络模型的参数,避免了BP网络陷入局部极小值的缺点,提高了模型的预测速度和精度。结合钻探实例,利用测井资料和地层可钻性级别的关系建立了可钻性级别实时预测模型,并将该模型与传统的BP网络进行对比,结果表明,该模型优于BP网络,具有较高的精度和较快的收敛速度,有一定的适用性。     

基于测井参数优选的煤层含气量预测模型

随着煤层气勘探的不断深入,对煤层含气量预测精度提出了更高的要求。基于煤层含气量测井响应特征,分析测井参数与含气量的相关性,提出MIV（Mean Impact Value）技术与LSSVM（Least Squares Support Vector Machine）结合的测井参数优选策略,优选最优测井参数作为网络建模的输入自变量组合,通过粒子群算法优化LSSVM网络核心参数,最后构建一套适用于煤层含气量预测的MIV-PSO-LSSVM模型。在此基础上,分别对比分析LSSVM、PSO-LSSVM、MIV-LSSVM和MIV-PSO-LSSVM模型对煤层含气量的预测性能,并与传统多元回归方法进行了对比,利用拟合优度和均方根误差对此5类模型进行评价。结果表明:PSO优化下的LSSVM模型预测精度得到有效提升,结合MIV方法优选测井参数可大幅度改善神经网络建模性能,MIV-PSO-LSSVM模型可实现煤层含气量高精度预测,为煤层气勘探及其储层评价提供新的技术支撑,且本研究的建模策略及思想可广泛应用于其他机器学习建模研究领域。      

根据煤矿地质因素应用多元回归分析预测矿井设计年产量

为了作出各勘探阶段的矿床工业评价和确定勘探投资的经济效益,有必要对未来矿井的设计年产能力进行预测。进行这种预测时在方法上必须满足两项基本要求,这就是各勘探阶段储量计算数字的相对一致性和资料成果精度的相应可靠性。据国内外文献报道,目前尚无某种公认的符合上述要求的确定矿井设计年产能力的方法。本文试图根据煤矿地质因素应用多元回归分析方法来预测矿井的设计年产量。      

鄂东气田煤层含气量测井预测

煤层含气量计算的准确与否直接关系到煤层气开发方案的有效制定。在简要介绍了现有煤层含气量评价方法的基础上,利用测井资料和煤岩心含气量分析化验资料,采用统计回归方法优选了煤层含气量的敏感性测井参数,并基于优选的测井参数,运用多元回归和神经网络两种数学方法构建了鄂东气田的煤层含气量测井预测模型。利用所构建的模型对研究区内的煤层含气量进行了预测,预测结果与煤岩心含气量室内分析数据对比表明,多元回归法和神经网络法均能较好地对煤层含气量进行预测,但神经网络法的预测精度更高。     

矿区岩层运动非线性动力学特征及预测研究的基本框架

本文把声发射作为序参量描述了岩层运动过程中的自组织性,通过Lyapunov指数的计算对岩层运动过程中的混沌性进行了分析;提出了确定系统独立变量数目的准则和利用自组织映射神经网络确定独立变量类型的方法,最终建立了岩层运动的非线性动力学反演预测方法,从而构成了岩层运动非线性动力学预测研究的基本框架,这对地震、煤矿冲击地压等地质灾害的预测具有重要参考价值。     

NV-1+KP共聚物钻井液在扎村金矿区不稳固岩层中的应用研究

(一)矿区岩层特征根据矿区岩石的性质以及钻进过程中的反应,矿区岩层大致可分两种类型: 1、破碎性岩石 (1)松散破碎岩层,即第四系残坡积层。主要岩石为砂质土、石英岩碎块,厚0—30米。结构松散,胶结性差,孔隙发育。钻进过程中遇水坍塌、超径、漏失严重。可钻性2—4级。 (2)硬、脆、碎岩层,即含矿层。多处在孔深150—300米间。主要岩石为石英砂岩、硅化石英砂岩,可钻性7—9级;间夹少量石英砂岩、细砂岩,可钻性5—6级。该层节理     

矿产资源预测的精度评价

针对目前矿产资源预测理论及技术方法多种多样,却没有明确的对其预测精度进行评价的现状,从预测精度的影响因素方面考虑,提出了一种定量评价预测精度的方法.并应用此法对陕西省潼关县Q8金矿脉西段隐伏矿三维预测进行精度评价,与矿床开采实践的结论一致,证明了该方法的有效性.对矿产资源预测精度进行评价,能够使预测结果科学有效地指导探...     

矿产资源预测的精度评价

针对目前矿产资源预测理论及技术方法多种多样,却没有明确的对其预测精度进行评价的现状,从预测精度的影响因素方面考虑,提出了一种定量评价预测精度的方法。并应用此法对陕西省潼关县Q8金矿脉西段隐伏矿三维预测进行精度评价,与矿床开采实践的结论一致,证明了该方法的有效性。对矿产资源预测精度进行评价,能够使预测结果科学有效地指导探矿工程,降低找矿成本,提高经济效益。     

一种利用测井资料预测岩石可钻性的计算机方法

介绍了一种利用测井资料快速求得岩石可钻性级值的计算机方法。该方法能够比较准确地预测岩石可钻性，快速做出连续的地层可钻性剖面图。室内微钻头可钻性试验和江汉油田现场应用验证表明：该系统具有比较高的可靠性，是可以投入油田现场应用的。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861     

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

正20141768 An Shaopeng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechannics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China);Wei Lide Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Xigeda Formation Siltstone and Structure Interface(Journal of Engineering Geology,ISSN1004-9665,CN11-3249/P,21(5),2013,p.702-708,9illus.,1 table,16 refs.)