筒桩基础的地震反应分析

本文基于Biot动力固结方程，在BDWF模型的基础上，通过等价线性迭代不断修正土体模量以逼近土体的非线性动态响应，对建筑筒桩基础的地震反应进行了动力分析。为了分析筒桩基础的地震反应，考虑桩-土-结构的动力相互作用，将桩-土-结构地震反应分析的空间体系简化为二维问题计算。结果表明，筒桩基础桩基相对桩基于桩基有较好的抗震性能，筒桩基础的柔性改善了结构的基本周期。     

框剪结构土-结构相互作用地震反应分析

本文在全面考虑上部结构、基础及下部土体实际情况和受力特性的基础上,开发了一种平面框剪土-结构相互作用的简化分析模型。在这个模型中,利用矩阵位移法的概念,同时考虑框架和剪力墙(筒体)的协同工作原理,将上部结构简化成平面的框架-剪力墙(筒体)结构,这一模型可以很好地模拟常用高层建筑体系的弯曲特性和弯剪特性。地基土采用一块在计算平面内高度为H,宽度为B,而在出平面方向厚度为t的土体作为分析模型,并对MSC.Marc进行了二次开发,将多层土E-B本构关系模型作为子程序嵌入其中,使用E-B本构关系模型来考虑它的非线性特性,利用粘-弹性人工边界作为地基土的边界条件。用接触迭代算法考虑了桩、箱-土之间的相互作用。最后,采用本文的方法对某高层框剪建筑进行了分析,并与不考虑土-结构相互作用的地震反应分析结果进行了对比。通过算例,本文初步探讨了在土-结构相互作用模型中,考虑和不考虑桩-土间相互作用对结构地震反应的影响,并得到了一些结论,证明了本文方法的适用性。     

考虑水-桩-土相互作用的单桩式海上风机结构系统自振频率解析解

海上风机结构系统频率是海上风机结构和基础设计考虑的关键因素之一,桩-土相互作用对海上风机结构系统频率影响显著。基于欧拉-伯努利梁理论和传递矩阵方法,考虑水-桩-土相互作用及塔筒变截面特性,建立单桩式海上风机结构系统横向振动自振频率特征方程;将桩-水相互作用等效为附加质量、桩-土相互作用等效为线性弹簧,变截面塔筒等效为多段均匀梁,利用MATLAB中fsolve函数求解固有频率。通过与有限元分析结果进行对比,验证本文方法精度与有效性,并将本文方法应用于实际工程中,研究桩基础埋深、上部质量、转动惯量和桩-水相互作用对单桩式海上风机结构系统自振频率的影响。     

桩-土-结构动力相互作用的线弹性地震反应分析

采用集中质量法(简化模型)，用ANSYS软件作为桩—土—结构动力相互作用分析的工具，建立了小震下钢筋混凝土剪切型结构考虑桩—土—结构动力相互作用效应的计算模型，进行了桩—土—结构相互作用线性体系的模态分析，研究了考虑桩—土—结构相互作用体系的自振特性；进行了小展下桩—土—结构相互作用体系弹性地震反应时程分析，研究了土—结构动力相互作用效应对结构地震反应的影响；得出如下结论；考虑桩—土—结构相互作用效应后，结构体系的自振特性及结构的地震反应将有所改变。     

瑞利波作用下桩筏基础的动力响应

对瑞利波作用下桩筏基础的动力响应进行了数值分析。采用薄层元素法和有限单元法建立了土-桩筏基础动力相互作用的分析模型,并讨论了桩筏基础在瑞利波作用下的水平与摇摆动力响应。讨论了一些重要参数(如桩长、桩距、桩的刚度以及土的泊松比等)对桩筏基础的动力响应的影响。结果表明:不考虑筏板-土相互作用,基础的动力响应在高频区域会产生较大的差别;在瑞利波作用下,桩筏基础会产生显著的摇摆响应,且桩距、桩长和土的泊松比对其影响较大,而桩土刚度比对其影响较小。     

液化场地桥梁足尺桩抗震简化分析方法

采用国际VELACS项目中离心机试验标定的内华达砂的动力计算参数,建立液化场地足尺桩-土动力相互作用分析的三维有限元模型;获得不同幅值的正弦波作用下桩-土动力相互作用的p-y曲线,修正并发展一种可用于液化场地桩-土动力相互作用分析的宏单元模型,并基于非线性文克尔地基梁模型建立桥梁足尺桩抗震分析的数值模型与简化方法,通过有限元分析结果验证该简化方法的正确性。     

大直径扩底灌注桩的抗震性能研究

深入分析土-大直径扩底灌注桩体系动力相互作用机理是地震工程的重要研究内容。本文采用快速拉格朗日FLAC~(3D)有限差分程序建立地震荷载作用下扩底桩-土和等直径桩-土动力相互作用体的三维数值模型,分析大直径扩底桩与普通等直径桩地震反应的差异。桩周土采用Mohr-Coulomb弹性模型以考虑土体的非线性,桩体采用线弹性模型,桩与桩周土之间采用"切割模型"法设置桩土间接触面。输入5·12汶川地震波,对两种桩基的地震反应进行了数值计算与分析。结果表明:扩底桩的抗震性能优于等直径桩;与具有显著差异的加速度时程曲线相比,扩底桩对位移动力响应并不敏感。     

桩土相互作用分析中的动力Winkler模型研究评述

Winkler地基梁集中参数模型在桩一土动力相互作用分析中得到了普遍应用,在现有研究成果的基础上,对桩一土相互作用分析中的动力Winkler模型进行了较全面的综述,指出了各种模型的优缺点,并对有待于深入探讨的问题及发展动向进行了简要评述,为今后深入研究提供了基础。     

桩-土-结构相互作用对结构弹塑性变形特性的影响

在桩-土-结构弹塑性动力相互作用模型研究的基础上,设计了考虑场地类别、输入地震动等因素的基于相互作用模型的多层和高层钢筋混凝土框架结构算例,分析了桩-土-结构相互作用对结构弹塑性变形特性的影响,并与不考虑相互作用的结构底部固端模型的计算结果进行了对比。分析表明:相互作用对结构的弹塑性变形的影响不容忽视,考虑相互作用后梁柱塑性铰出现的程度降低;结构底部位移增加而顶部位移减小;薄弱层的层间位移可能增加而其余层的层间位移则减小。现行的结构弹塑性变形验算方法未考虑土-结构相互作用的做法的合理性值得进一步评判。     

考虑土-结构相互作用的上海中心大厦地震反应

采用ANSYS有限元软件建立土-桩-上海中心大厦相互作用简化模型.其中,桩土区采用等效模型,近域土体定为塑性区,用DP模型模拟;外围的土域定为弹性区,用超单元来模拟.对考虑土,桩-结构相互作用的整体结构和以刚性地基为假定的上部结构分别进行地震反应分析,并完成了比较.最后,在整体结构中提取上部结构与下部结构处的加速度反应与原地震波叠加,形成修正地震波,为输入修正地震波能考虑相互作用因素来分析相同结构的精细模型地震反应提供了条件.     

多筒型基础平台结构基础单体刚度分析方法

本文针对多筒型基础平台结构复杂的基础地基边界条件，提出了一种筒型基础边界条件简化方法——筒型基础单体刚度分析法。以位于渤海湾锦州地区的JZ9—3筒型基础系缆平台为对象，引进筒型基础单体刚度，对平台整体结构进行了的动力响应分析。将分析结果与实测结果进行对比，得知该分析方法是可行的。     

Seismic analysis of dam-foundation-reservoir system including the effects of foundation mass and radiation damping

One of the main concerns in using commercial software for finite element analyses of dam-foundation-reservoir systems is that the simplifying assumptions of the massless foundation are unreliable. In this study, an appropriate direct finite element method is introduced for simulating the mass, radiation damping and wave propagation effect in foundations of damfoundation-reservoir systems using commercial software ABAQUS. The free-field boundary condition is used for modeling the semi-infinite foundation and radiation damping, which is not a built-in boundary condition in most of the available commercial software for finite element analysis of structures such as ANSYS or ABAQUS and thus needs to be implemented differently. The different mechanism for modeling of the foundation, earthquake input and far-field boundary condition is described. Implementation of the free-field boundary condition in finite element software is verified by comparing it with analytical results. To investigation the feasibility of the proposed method in dam-foundation-reservoir system analysis, a series of analyses is accomplished in a variety of cases and the obtained results are compared with the substructure method by using the EAGD-84 program. Finally, the massed and massless foundation results are compared and it is concluded that the massless foundation approach leads to the overestimation of the displacements and stresses within the dam body.     

频率波数域内层状地基动力柔度的精细求解

精细积分法既可得到在计算机精度意义下的精确解,又能够保持哈密顿体系的辛结构。其是求解一阶线性常微分方程组的精确数值方法,既可以用于时间域的初值问题,又可以应用于空间域的两点边值问题。运用精细积分法求解微层区段矩阵,并对微层区段矩阵合并得到整个层状地基的区段矩阵,最终得到层状地基的动力柔度值。运用数值算例验证了本文方法的计算精度。     

Vertical vibration of an embedded rigid foundation in a poroelastic soil

This paper considers time-harmonic vertical vibration of an axisymmetric rigid foundation embedded in a homogeneous poroelastic soil. The soil domain is represented by a homogeneous poroelastic half space that is governed by Biot's theory of poroelastodynamics. The foundation is subjected to a time-harmonic vertical load and is perfectly bonded to the surrounding half space. The contact surface can be either fully permeable or impermeable. The dynamic interaction problem is solved by employing an indirect boundary integral equation method. The kernel functions of the integral equation are the influence functions corresponding to vertical and radial ring loads, and a ring fluid source applied in the interior of a homogeneous poroelastic half space. Analytical techniques are used to derive the solution for influence functions. The indirect boundary integral equation is solved by using numerical quadrature. Selected numerical results for vertical impedance of rigid foundations are presented to demonstrate the influence of poroelastic effect, foundation geometry, hydraulic boundary condition along the contact surface and frequency of excitation.     

Stresses produced by a normal load moving over a transversely isotropic layer of ice lying on a rigid foundation

Summary In this paper, the problem of a normal load moving over the surface of a layer of ice, lying on a rigid foundation, has been considered. FollowingHearmon, the ice is taken to be transversely isotropic. Two cases have been considered-in the first case, the rigid foundation is taken to be smooth, and in the second case, it is taken to be in welded contact with the layer of ice. Expressions have been obtained in both cases for the stresses at any point of the layer. From detailed numerical calculations, it has been found that the value of the normal stress at a point directly below the moving load falls of approximately as that of 1/z with increase in the depthz below the surface. On calculating the normal stress at the boundary between the layer of ice and the foundation, it is found that the normal stress falls off rapidly as we move away along the boundary from the point directly below the load.     

级配砂石地基条件下核安全级廊道结构地震响应分析

级配砂石处理核安全级廊道结构的软弱地基有良好的发展前景,发展级配砂石地基条件下的廊道地震响应分析模型是评价其抗震安全性的关键问题。以某核电厂废液输送机排放廊道为研究对象,通过引入等价线性法描述近场级配砂石地基的非线性特征,在分析模型底部施加黏性边界模拟半无限空间,在截断边界的两侧施加黏性边界考虑波动的逸散效果,通过无厚度Goodman单元模拟廊道结构与周围地基的摩擦效应,并利用基于有限元法的自由场响应分析实现地震动输入,从而建立了级配砂石地基条件核安全级廊道结构地震响应分析计算模型。最后,通过开展级配砂石与回填素混凝土两种地基处理条件的廊道地震响应对比分析,该模型表现出良好的规律性及工程应用效果。研究成果可为在建项目、后续核电项目此类问题的地基处理提供借鉴与参考。     

Insights on cutoff frequency for foundation on soil layer

In foundation dynamics a most important effect, often overlooked, is that for a soil layer on rock a cutoff frequency exists, below which there is no radiation damping. Valuable insights into the nature of the cutoff frequency may be obtained without solving differential equations. Physically motivated wave-propagation techniques enable modification of familiar unbounded cone models to represent layered soil. Echoes corresponding to the natural period of the layer appear to account for the cutoff frequency. The cone models have simple solutions in both the time and frequency domains. An investigation of the simplest system with a cutoff frequency, the shear bar on an elastic foundation, shows that, for radiation to take place, the radius of penetration of waves must extend to infinity. In order to reach infinity, the waves' displacement amplitude must die off in a special way, otherwise conservation of energy would be violated. These considerations reveal a general radiation criterion, namely, that the waves' amplitude must diminish in inverse proportion to the square root of the far-field boundary surface. Using the radiation criterion, it is possible to derive transmitting boundaries for shear waves which replace the far field.     

考虑地基辐射阻尼的结构静动综合响应计算

推导了便于工程应用的底边界同时入射三向地震波时地基底边界和四个侧边界相应于黏弹性边界的地震动输入公式;对目前静动力分析中边界条件不统一的解决方法进行了综述,分析了其合理性;由工程实例可以看出,由基本方法求得的结构最大主应力较直接用黏弹性动力边界求解静力问题的方法更加接近实际,而最大主应力往往控制着材料的损伤破坏,因此,虽然操作过程比较麻烦,但仍建议用基本方法求解结构的静动综合响应。     

Rocking vibrations of a rigid embedded foundation in a poroelastic soil layer

An approximate analytical method is presented for the dynamic response of a rigid cylindrical foundation embedded in a poroelastic soil layer under the excitation of a time-harmonic rocking moment. The soil underlying the foundation base is represented by a single-layered poroelastic soil based on rigid bedrock while the soil along the side of the foundation is modeled as an independent poroelastic stratum composed of a series of infinitesimally thin layers. The accuracy of the present solution is verified by comparisons with existing solutions obtained from other researchers. Numerical results for the rocking dynamic impedance and dynamic response factor are presented to demonstrate the influence of nondimensional frequency of excitation, poroelastic soil layer thickness, depth ratio of the foundation and internal friction of the poroelastic soil.     

Construction parameters of graded sand-gravel foundation on seismic response law of nuclear safety grade underground corridor

The treatment of soft soil foundation under nuclear safety grade corridors with graded sand and gravel materials has a good development prospect. It is of great engineering value to explore the influence of construction parameters of graded sand and gravel foundation on the seismic response of gallery structures. Taking the safety grade underground corridor of a nuclear power plant as the engineering background, the equivalent linear method is used to consider the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of graded sand and gravel. The energy transfer boundary is applied at the truncation boundary to simulate the dissipation effect of scattered wave fluctuation energy and the ground motion input. The thicknessless contact element is introduced to consider the contact effect between the corridor structure and the graded sand and gravel foundation, so as to establish the calculation model of the dynamic interaction between the graded sand and gravel foundation and the corridor structure. Furthermore, the influence of the relative compactness and the foundation treatment depth on the seismic response of the corridor structure is studied, and the calculation results of the acceleration response spectrum and relative displacement of the corridor structure are analyzed. The calculation results show that the two construction parameters have different degrees of influence on the seismic response of corridor structure. The research results can provide reference for the engineering design and construction of underground corridors, and provide technical support for the application of graded gravel materials in soft soil foundation treatment.