青藏高原祁漫塔格地区早古生代火山岩岩石构造组合和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄

祁漫塔格地区早古生代海相火山岩发育,初步确定该地区早古生代海相火山岩的形成时代为中晚奥陶世,可划分出4个火山岩带,分别为公路沟-乱石沟带、宽沟-小狼牙山带、巴音郭勒-苏海图带和那陵格勒河带。公路沟-乱石沟带火山岩为富铌玄武岩组合,具有相对高的Nb（7.4×10-6～10.1×10-6）、TiO2（1.56%～2.24%）和P2O5（0.24%～0.34%）含量。宽沟-小狼牙山带火山岩岩石类型复杂,SiO2质量分数集中分布于2个端元,可进一步分为玄武岩＋玄武安山岩组合和英安岩＋流纹岩组合,玄武岩中获得了440.2Ma±2.4Ma的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄值,流纹岩中获得了450.3Ma±1.2Ma的年龄值。巴音郭勒-苏海图带为拉斑玄武岩组合,具低钛（1.1%）、富钠（2.17%,）、低钾（0.14%）的特点。那陵格勒河带火山岩也为拉斑玄武岩组合,特征与巴音郭勒-苏海图带相似,但具有更高的Ti含量（1.64%）。这3类岩石组合均代表了弧后裂陷环境中形成的火成岩岩石构造组合。     

西准噶尔谢米斯台地区双峰式火山岩的发现及其地质意义

西准噶尔谢米斯台地区是研究准噶尔洋盆构造演化的关键地区,新发现的双峰式火山岩为开展研究提供了直接的载体,对其物质组成特征、岩石地球化学特征和锆石U Pb年代学等进行研究,判别成因机制和大地构造环境,对恢复造山带大地构造格局有着重要的意义。本次研究获得如下认识：该套双峰式火山岩为碱性玄武岩-钙碱性流纹岩组合,流纹岩LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年龄(4318±23) Ma;玄武岩来源于俯冲流体交代的地幔部分熔融,流纹岩来源于地壳物质的部分熔融;双峰式火山岩形成于早志留世弧后盆地初始演化阶段;结合前人的研究成果,认为西准噶尔谢米斯台地区在早古生代存在完整的沟-弧-盆体系。     

新疆西天山巴音布鲁克组火山岩地质特征及构造意义

巴音布鲁克组主要分布于新疆西天山那拉提一带,构造上位于伊犁盆地南缘活动带,岩性主要为一套糜棱岩化、碎裂岩化中基性火山岩、正常沉积碎屑岩夹灰岩.火山岩岩石组合以碱性玄武岩-粗安岩-碱性流纹岩为主.岩石化学、地球化学特征表明,该组火山岩属碱性玄武岩系列大西洋型(钠质类型),具洋岛特征.说明当时的古南天山洋已拉张到相当规模.     

蒙古国东南部额尔登查干地区晚古生代火山岩地球化学特征及成因

在蒙古国苏赫巴托省东南部额尔登查干地区古生代地层中新发现一套火山岩,其Rb-Sr同位素年龄为(370±21)Ma,与前人划分的地层年代(志留纪—泥盆纪)比较吻合。岩石学和地球化学综合研究表明:该套火山岩基本同期同源演化,但岩性变化较大,以安山岩类为主,还有少量玄武岩类和流纹岩—英安岩类。熔融地幔源区受到了来自俯冲板片的改造,原始岩浆起源于俯冲带流体交代的地幔,并在上侵过程中发生地壳物质混染。岩浆的不均匀性和分异演化是产生多类型火山岩组合(安山岩、玄武岩、流纹岩—英安岩)的主要原因。推测该套火山岩形成于古亚洲洋闭合过程中的岛弧环境,表明火山岩形成时(晚古生代)中朝板块和西伯利亚板块还没有碰撞。     

白松—奔都地区晚三叠世义敦岛弧带火山岩岩石地球化学特征及成因

白松—奔都地区义敦岛弧带火山岩,系三叠系上统曲嘎寺组和图姆沟组一套基—酸性火山岩。其中曲嘎寺组火山岩为玄武岩、玄武安山岩组合;图姆沟组火山岩为玄武安山岩、流纹岩组合。流纹岩中可见黄铁矿化和铜、铅、锌等矿化。曲嘎寺组玄武岩属大洋拉斑玄武岩(OT),图姆沟组玄武岩属大陆拉斑玄武岩(CT)。     

西北天山吐拉苏盆地火山岩SHRIMP年代学和微量元素地球化学研究

吐拉苏盆地位于西北天山西段,盆地中大面积出露晚古生代火山—沉积岩地层,该地层的火山—沉积岩是区内阿希、京希—伊尔曼德金矿的主要赋矿围岩,由凝灰岩、流纹岩、安山岩和少量玄武岩组成。对火山岩剖面下部流纹岩中锆石开展的SHRIMP年代学研究表明,火山喷发开始的时间早于386Ma(中泥盆世晚期)。因此,下石炭统地层单位“大哈拉军山组”不再适合代表吐拉苏盆地中广泛出露的这套火山—沉积岩地层,本文建议创建中-上泥盆统“伊尔曼德组”。京希—伊尔曼德金矿区及其外围火山熔岩富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf等高场强元素,具有典型大陆岛弧火山岩的地球化学特征。因此,吐拉苏盆地晚古生代火山岩代表北天山洋洋壳向伊犁板块俯冲过程中形成的火山岛弧,该岛弧的演化至少持续到晚泥盆世晚期(~363Ma)。受俯冲带流体交代的地幔楔是吐拉苏岛弧火山岩(玄武岩和安山岩)的岩浆源区,大量流纹岩应该是大陆地壳物质熔融的产物。     

我国大陆火山岩组合的特点及其构造意义

我国各时代的火山岩广泛发育,海相火山岩多出现于三叠纪以前,主要分布于西部;陆相火山岩则多出现于三叠纪以后,主要分布于东部。火山岩的岩类众多,从基性到酸性、碱性均有,以中、酸性岩类分布最广(太古代主要为深变质火山岩,本文暂不论述)。元古代(吕梁期、晋宁期和震旦期)的火山岩分布较广,如西北、中原和东南等地。在元古代的活动带主要为变玄武岩、变安山岩、变流纹岩(或细碧岩、角斑岩)组合和变安山岩、变流纹岩(或细碧岩、角斑岩)组合和变安山岩、变流纹岩(或角斑岩、石英角斑岩)组合,属于钙碱性系列。元古代的稳定区,如西北、华北一些地区则出露碱性系列的玄武岩,也有一些地区见有拉斑玄武岩。在川滇、秦巴等地,还有富钠质双峰式火山岩出现,这些都是在太古代陆核基础上的拉张环境的产物。早古生代(加里东期)多为海相和海陆交互相的造山带火山岩,以寒武纪和奥陶纪较为发     

新疆巴里坤县老爷庙、额仁山一带晚古生代火山岩

老爷庙-额仁山一带发育3套性质不同的火山岩，通过对其岩石组合、岩相、古火山机构特征的详细观察及岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学的研究，晚泥盆世老爷庙组火山岩为玄武岩-安山岩组合，发育盾状和层状火山，属海相环境，为板块消减带岛弧型高铝玄武岩；晚石炭世-早二叠世哈尔加乌组火山岩为陆相火山岩，岩石组合为安山岩．英安岩-流纹岩，以爆发相为主，常形成破火山及锥状火山机构，为陆-陆碰撞造山期火山岩；早二叠世中晚期卡拉岗组火山岩为一套以酸性为主的陆相火山岩，喷溢相发育，常形成穹状古火山机构，岩石组合为英安岩-流纹岩，为造山期弛张期火山岩，3套火山岩为板块不同阶段的火山岩，从老爷庙组火山岩→哈尔加乌组火山岩→拉岗组火山岩，岩石向酸性演化，地壳成熟度愈来愈高，南混合壳转化为陆壳．     

扬子地台西缘海相火山岩建造及其控矿特征

扬子地台西缘海相火山岩主要分布在海域裂陷构造,碰撞诱发的裂谷盆地－撞击槽及晋宁－澄江期增生的各类地体中,并以中元古代、二叠－三叠纪最为发育。划分了均一玄武岩组合、玄武岩－安山岩－英安岩－流纹岩组合、玄武岩－流纹岩双峰组合、玄武岩－曲安岩－流纹岩－粗面岩组合、细碧角斑岩组合等５种火山岩构造－岩石类型。     

满洲里达石莫盆地流纹岩、花岗斑岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

满洲里达石莫盆地火山岩系由下部的铁镁质火山岩组合、中部的高钾钙碱性流纹岩-碱性粗面岩组合和上部的铁镁质火山岩组合所构成,并有花岗斑岩侵入。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄表明,流纹岩和花岗斑岩锆石的206Pb/238 U年龄分别为143.3±1.3Ma和143.0±1.8Ma,两者在误差范围内一致,同为早白垩世早期岩浆活动的产物。通过区域地层对比,结合已有的高精度锆石U-Pb年龄数据,可将达石莫盆地及大兴安岭北部原塔木兰沟组、原上库力组、原梅勒图组火山岩中的铁镁质火山岩组合(年龄大于145Ma的部分)归入塔木兰沟组,高钾钙碱性流纹岩-碱性粗面岩组合(年龄为145~130Ma的部分)归入上库力组,年龄小于127Ma的部分铁镁质火山岩组合归入梅勒图组。依照中国东部、俄罗斯东部和蒙古东部与火山岩有关的热液型铀矿主要赋存在早白垩世早期火山岩与次火山岩接触带附近的事实,推测达石莫盆地流纹岩与花岗斑岩的接触带是铀矿勘查值得关注的部位。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)