GIS空间分析在成矿预测中的应用——以西天山为例

GIS作为一种先进技术,以其强大的制图和空间分析功能,在地学领域中得到了广泛应用.以成矿预测理论为基础,用GIS空间分析进行成矿预测并分为三步加以阐述:数据的采集与建库、GIS成矿预测空间模型的建立、预测靶区的圈定,重点介绍了建立成矿预测空间模型中的地质异常与找矿有利度分析.对西天山北部金、铜矿点进行了空间分析,探讨了在GIS平台上开展区域成矿规律及成矿预测研究的方法.     

基于证据权重法的江绍拼合带中西段成矿预测研究

江绍拼合带中西段地质工作程度高,但矿产地质研究薄弱,在找矿方面至今尚无重大突破。以地质理论为指导,运用GIS 技术,从该地区的地质、化探和遥感等信息中提取不同成矿标志信息,对多源数据进行综合分析,利用证据权重法对研究区进行成矿预测与评价,共选取18套变量作为证据图层,对预测结果进行分级,划定三级成矿远景区,提高研究区成矿预测的精确度与可靠性。     

镇康芦子园地区遥感和GIS成矿预测示范研究

利用遥感及GIS技术，对云南省重要原矿化集中域－镇康芒子园地区进行成矿预测示范的方法研究，取得重要成果。在GIS平台下，充分利用遥感图像多功能处理成果及遥感地质解译数据，综合地物化遥信息，建立遥感地质成矿模型并类比外推，在芦子园地区进行成矿预测。经对预测靶区进行野外查证，不仅发现已有多个民采点存在，且可望近期会有找矿突破，充分说明遥感和GIS成矿预测的方法技术有效可行。     

基于GIS的多元信息成矿预测研究在湖南锰矿预测中的应用

应用GIS技术并结合地质、地球物理、地球化学、遥感等资料进行综合信息成矿预测是目前找矿的一个重要趋势。以湖南省锰矿资源成矿预测研究为例,在总结区域成矿规律的基础上,以地质异常致矿理论为指导,利用GIS平台提取地质、地球物理、地球化学等多元地质找矿信息,采用证据权模型进行多元找矿信息的综合,对湖南省的有利成矿区进行锰矿预测     

基于透岩浆流体成矿理论的GIS矿产预测研究

本文以内生金属矿床透岩浆流体成矿理论为基础,以分级预测体制的思想为指导,认为在成矿理论指导下提出的各级预测体制对应的宏观地质标志是连接透岩浆流体成矿理论与GIS成矿信息的纽带,并从成矿地质背景、成矿作用触发机制和金属大规模堆积三方面,分别说明了各级预测体制及可能利用的宏观地质标志,最后通过研究目前广泛使用的GIS评价方法,初步建立起透岩浆流体成矿理论应用于宏观地质标志矿产预测的GIS预测系统框架。     

基于GIS矿产预测的思考

GIS(地理信息系统)在矿产预测中已得到广泛的应用.文章在简述GIS矿产预测现状的基础上,对矿产预测的空间数据库建设中应该注意的问题(包括地质数据的问题、地质专业人员的作用、预测单元划分、成矿模型与找矿模型等)进行了重点论述,以期提高成矿预测的效率和准确性.     

"3S"技术在木里地区金矿资源预测与定位中的应用

“3S”技术在地质找矿中的应用,极大地提高了成矿预测的精度和效益。在新理论、新思路的指导下,通过对已有地质、物探、化探、遥感资料进行二次开发及综合研究分析,应用以遥感技术(“RS”)为主,辅以“GIS”、“GPS”技术和野外现场验证等多源信息手段和方法,进行成矿预测,高效、快速地实现了找矿靶区的预测与定位。     

GIS在成矿预测中的应用

本文先从成矿预测的特点和GIS的优势，说明了GIS应用于成矿预测具有一定的必然性。然后以成矿预测理论为基础，将GIS成矿预测分为三步加以阐述，这三步包括：数据的采集与建库，GIS成矿预测空间模型的建立和成矿预测区的圈定。并重点介绍了建立成矿预测空间模型中的地质异常与找矿有利度分析。最后，对GIS应用于成矿预测的发展趋势作了简要介绍。     

基于GIS的人工神经网络矿产预测系统设计

将地理信息系统(GIS)和人工神经网络(ANN)相结合,提出基于GIS的人工神经网络矿产预测系统设计方案,实现了从地质变量优选到人工神经网络成矿预测结果图形显示的计算机自动化处理,并对其中的主要模块:地质变量优选模块、数据库管理模块和神经网络成矿预测模块进行了介绍,简要说明了各模块功能实现中所应用的主要技术.     

GIS在成矿预测中的应用

成矿预测的目的是预测未发现矿床的位置 ,初步认识这些矿床的基本类型、规模等。GIS虽然是一个通用的多学科工具 ,但因其高水平的数据管理 ,强大的空间分析及高质量、高效率的成图技术 ,也为成矿预测提供了最佳的工具和手段。GIS应用于成矿预测 ,主要是借助其功能对地质异常进行分析 ,圈出对应的“5P”地段 ,通过对地质异常与找矿有利度的分析 ,建立一个一般性的GIS成矿预测空间模型 ,最后利用模型圈定成矿预测区。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of