华南造山带下寒武统和中奥陶统发现放射虫

在华南造山带江西萍乡下寒武统牛角河组泥质板岩和湖南永州中奥陶统烟溪组硅质岩中首次发现放射虫。放射虫的发现表明萍乡—永州一带寒武纪—中奥陶世存在相当规模的处于低纬度的海盆。     

华南晚古生代硅质岩时空分布及再扩张残留海槽演化

根据硅质岩系的岩石组合和放射虫化石群的垂向变化,将华南泥盆系至中二叠统划分为５个构造层序,除早泥盆地的第１构造层序和晚石炭世的第４构造层序之外,其余每个构造层序对应出现一个放射虫生物群演替旋回,底部从无放射虫硅质泥岩带开始,向上变化为种属单调的中深海放射虫化石带,然后出现深海放射虫化石组合带,上部又出现了中深海放射虫化石组合带,这种演替旋回常常与海底火山喷发过程同步,代表残留海槽的一次再伸展扩张过     

塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系烃源岩发育模式及分布规律

塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系烃源岩主要分布于3套层系中,即中—下寒武统的碳酸盐岩烃源岩和泥质岩烃源岩,上寒武统—中、下奥陶统的泥质岩烃源岩和上奥陶统的台缘灰泥丘烃源岩。这些烃源岩在纵向演化上受海平面升降控制,即层序体系域属性不同,烃源岩发育不同;在平面分布上与古水深、沉积相密切相关。泥质类烃源岩主要形成于广海陆棚—深海盆地,深海相泥质类烃源岩的形成是由于表层水体中大量生物的死亡堆积到深水环境中,由于深水缺氧,有利于有机质保存,加上远离陆地,沉积速率低,使得有机质富集;广海陆棚相泥质类烃源岩的形成与上升洋流的作用有关。碳酸盐岩烃源岩的形成是受层序体系域和沉积相控制,分布于下斜坡的高位体系域或与膏盐岩伴生。     

湘赣中、上奥陶统烟溪组、对耳石组硅质岩成因

华南地区中-上奥陶统浅海半深海环境中广泛发育了一套高硅岩石,主要分布于湖南烟溪组和江西对耳石组。该套硅质岩呈东西条带状发育于扬子板块与华夏板块之间,地层厚度从东南到西北逐渐减薄,岩层多呈薄层状,含放射虫Protoentactinia sp.,部分岩样放射虫含量超过50%。分析结果表明,生物Si和陆源Si为本区硅质岩Si的重要来源,生物化学成因特征明显。硅质岩Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值＞0.45,K2O/Na2O比值范围为1.55~42.11,由微量元素Ni、V、B、Cr与Al2O3关系图来看,二者关系表现为部分线性、部分离散,U/Th比值为0.72。湘赣中部地区硅质岩中稀土元素含量偏高,东南部Ce元素略呈负异常,研究区∑LREE≈∑HREE,表明衡阳到赣州一带受一定火山、热水活动的影响。     

海南岛万宁发现奥陶纪地层

通过1：5万区域地质调查,在海南岛万宁发现一些寒武－－奥陶纪的微古植物化石,结合上覆、下伏地层分别为志留系、寒武系的总的层序特点,在该区识别出一套奥陶纪地导以,基本查明其岩性、岩石组合、层序、沉积特征和沉积环境,为一套经历了浅变质作用的陆原碎屑岩沉积建造,含多层变凝灰质砂岩,自下而上显示由浅海至半深海的海侵沉积序列。     

南郑梁山奥陶系与志留系界线附近的沉积特征及沉积环境

陕西南郑梁山地区上奥陶统内海相窄盐度生物化石丰富，以游泳生物为主，底栖生物较少，含笔石化石Ｄｉｐｌｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓｂｏｈｅｍｉｃｕｓ，小型薄壳腕足类和善于游泳的Ｄａｌｍａｎｉｔｉｎａ；粉细砂岩中可见丘状交错层理；沉积环境为深水陆棚。下志留统含大量单调的浮游笔石化石，产笔石Ｇｌｙｐ－ｔｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓｌｕｎｇｍａｅｎｓｉｓ；未见底栖生物化石，底部夹放射虫硅质岩；岩层横向上稳定；沉积环境为深水陆棚与大陆坡过渡带。     

柯坪断隆寒武—奥陶系硅质岩特征及储层分析

塔里木盆地柯坪断隆寒武—奥陶系硅质岩发育广泛,据野外硅质岩产状特征,将该区硅质岩大致可分为两类,即下寒武统玉尔吐斯组中与黑色泥页岩共生的薄层状硅质岩和下奥陶统蓬莱坝组碳酸盐岩中的硅质条带和结核.通过大量野外露头和镜下薄片观察,玉尔吐斯组中薄层状硅质岩含泥铁质,具纹层状构造,岩性为纹层状含泥铁质硅质岩,生长于低Eh的静水中,属Wilson模式的深水或克拉通深水盆地.蓬莱坝组的碳酸盐岩沉积相为潮下带台内滩相,部分碳酸盐矿物被硅质交代,在裂缝发育地区和旋回界面附近形成残余结构硅质岩,主要有残余砂屑硅质岩、残余藻纹层硅质岩.     

广东长坑金银矿床硅质岩中的放射虫化石及生物化石残迹

在广东长坑金银矿床的主要含金岩石碳质硅质岩巾两次找到放射虫化石,其时代可能属于早石炭世。在这些碳质硅质岩中还发现一些生物化石残迹．如石英环、石英圈、石英单晶球、石英多晶球、生物残体和似生物结构。由此认为碳质硅质岩原来含有一定量的微体生物化石．形成于海盆环境,应属沉积成因,这是证明碳质硅质岩属于热水沉积成因而不属于热液蚀变交代成因的有力证据;也表明热水沉积过程有生物物质的加入,热水沉积和生物沉积可以混合发生,说明长坑金银矿床形成手张性、不补偿、水较深的盆地之中。对长坑盒银矿床的矿区含矿地层应泼归属的岩石地层单位提出了疑问。     

新疆北山马蹄山一带寒武纪地层厘定及找矿意义

通过1:5万区域地质调查,对新疆北山马蹄山一带寒武系进行了古生物学、岩石学、含矿性和区域对比等方面研究.在该套地层中新发现寒武纪微古植物化石和层控型钒矿点,岩石组合以片理化岩屑砂岩、硅质岩和微晶大理岩为主.区域上钒矿多产于早寒武世早期,地层中岩石组合及含矿性不仅可与库鲁克塔格地区寒武系对比,且可与国内许多地区下寒武统钒矿层位进行对比,进一步证实该区存在下寒武统双鹰山组,对新疆北山地区寻找磷锰钒矿和铂钯矿有一定指导意义.     

关于“竹叶状灰岩”的命名、分类、分布和形成机理的探讨

在我国华北和东北南部上寒武统和下奥陶统地层中,广泛分布着多层含有大量扁圆形砾石的碳酸盐岩,因其中的砾石侧切面形似“竹叶”而被称为“竹叶状灰岩”。这种岩石在下、中寒武统地层中也有零星分布。由于这种岩石的岩性特殊,层位稳定,特征显著,代表了一定的古气候和古地理环     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with