计算机机房安全问题探讨

机房安全涉及的范围是很广泛的，本从计算机机房的场地环境、计算机设备及场地的防雷、防火和机房用电安全技术的要求等问题进行了探讨。     

静电对计算机的危害及其防护

计算机的防静电技术,属于机房安全与防护的一部分.静电不仅会造成计算机运行中出现随机故障,而且还会导致某些元器件(如CMOS、MOS电路,双级性电路等)被击穿.计算机在气象、航空、铁路、邮电、微波、证券、金融、人造卫星、导弹发射等方面的应用日益普及,而这些领域都与国民经济息息相关,一旦计算机系统在运行中发生故障,特别是较大的故障,会给国民经济带来巨大的损失.     

静电对计算机的危害及其防护

计算机的防静电技术，属于机房安全与防护的一部分。静电不仅会造成计算机运行中出现随机故障，而且还会导致某些元器件(如CMOS、MOS电路，双级性电路等)被击穿。计算机在气象、航空、铁路、邮电、微波、证券、金融、人造卫星、导弹发射等方面的应用日益普及，而这些领域都与国民经济息息相关，一旦计算机系统在运行中发生故障，特别是较大的故障，会给国民经济带来巨大的损失。     

浅谈县级台站计算机安全问题

从计算机机房防雷、防计算机病毒、计算机机房防火、机房人员管理等方面对计算机系统的安全问题进行浅析。     

静电对计算机系统的影响及消除

1静电对计算机系统的影响计算机系统的设备，基本上都是由半导体元器件所构成的。而半导体元器件对静电特别敏感，其中又以MOS器件、运算放大器、场效应管等最为敏感包括这些敏感器件构成的混合集成电路和印刷电路板。计算机内，几乎所有设备中的关键电路，如CPU、ROM、RAM及大规模集成电路都是MOS工艺的。由静电直接或间接造成计算机设备的损坏率达50％左右，如果不对静电采取一些保护性措施，会给设备造成不应有的损坏。静电对计算机设备的影响主要有下述三个方面：1．l瞬时流经机框的电流弓I起信号线和电源线的感应噪声。1．2静电…     

机房环境监控报警器的设计与实现

为保障各种设备的正常运行,及时发现和处理影响设备正常运行的故障和问题,应用单片机技术研制开发了机房环境监控报警器。实现了对设备机房中的电源、温度、烟雾和门窗等环境参量进行实时监控,当出现问题时可通过手机短信和声光等方式及时报警,从而有效地提高工作效率和机房的安全性。     

电子机房的雷电防护

1引言现代社会．精密的电子设备及计算机系统在各行各业都担负着非常重要的任务,关系着国民经济建设的发展。通常,这些精密的电子设备与计算机系统都集中在机房内,是耐电压水平较低．防干扰要求较高的弱电系统设备。近年机房受雷击的事故频频发生,强大的雷电流不仅破坏电气设备．造成数据的永远丢失．更严重的是使整个计算机系统中断、工作停顿．这样导致的间接损失无法估量。因此,计算机机房的雷电防护问题已经越来越引起人们的重视。     

地级9210工程设备维护经验谈

1 环境维护 运行环境是9210设备正常运行的大前提，9210设备所处的环境主要有：供电、用电、接地、温度和卫生等。 供电:9210主机房应配置三相专线电源。避免其它大型用电设备对9210系统的影响，降低交流扰压，以便达到机房电源插座的中性线N与安全保护地E之间的交流扰压不大于2V。9210工程配置的UPS属逆变供电方式，对电源有极性要求，故从总配电盘接线时要十分细致，再三测量。1999年9月29日，由于局大院移动配电盘，电源极性接反导致串线，造成UPS损坏。更换新的UPS，仍然烧保险，不能使用。后请专家处理,原因是配电问题，零对地电压高达220V，造成损坏，将UPS输入端零线与输出端零线分离才得以解决。     

计算机电子信息系统雷击风险评估与电磁脉冲的防护

从肇庆市利达公司办公楼信息系统计算机机房位置的选择与设备摆放的位置、计算机机房的布线要求、屏蔽措施、电位连接、机房防雷接接地要求、SPD的选择与安装六个方面对计算机系统雷电电磁脉冲的防护进行分析探讨.     

计算机机房空调系统的探讨

计算机机房空调系统的探讨魏建华（省气象局通信台兰州７３００２０）１兰州区域气象中心计算机机房空气调节的计算和技术分析计算机机房的空气调节系统，只有按严格的技术要求装置，才能保证计算机系统的正常运转，充分发挥现代化设备的效益。机房空调送出的凉风使室内物...     

加强业务管理提高测报质量

我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格.     

Quantifying the uncertainty of the annular mode time scale and the role of the stratosphere

The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features.     

由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑

2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡.     

On the forecast of the onset and end of the convective season in the Amazon

Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature (SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds. Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early) onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases. The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region. The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed. Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002     

Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale

2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness.     

准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响

NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式（SOCRATES）移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡（QBO）对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。     

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Low-level Jets in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River during the Mei-yu Season

Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230...     

流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用

本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用.