黑龙江省岔路口斑岩钼矿床流体包裹体和稳定同位素特征

岔路口超大型斑岩钼矿床位于大兴安岭北部,是目前中国东北地区最大的钼矿床,矿体赋存于中酸性杂岩体及侏罗系火山-沉积岩内,其中花岗斑岩、石英斑岩、细粒花岗岩与钼矿化关系密切.流体包裹体研究表明,岔路口矿床主要发育富液两相包裹体、富气两相包裹体和含子矿物多相包裹体.花岗斑岩石英斑晶中流体包裹体的形成温度集中在230 ～ 440℃和470～510℃两个温度区间,盐度分别介于0.7％ ～ 53.7％ NaCl eqv和6.2％～61.3％ NaCl eqv两个区间;成矿早阶段钾长石-石英-磁铁矿脉中流体包裹体的形成温度集中在320～440℃、盐度介于4.2％ ～ 52.3％NaCl eqv;成矿中阶段石英-辉钼矿脉和角砾岩中流体包裹体的形成温度集中在260～410℃、盐度介于0.4％～52.3％ NaCleqv;成矿晚阶段石英-萤石-方铅矿-闪锌矿脉中流体包裹体的形成温度集中在170～320℃、盐度介于0.5％ ～ 11.1％ NaCleqv.成矿流体具高温、高盐度及高氧逸度的特征,总体上属于富F的H2O-NaCl±CO2体系.成矿流体的δ 18Ow值为-4.5‰～3.2‰,δDw值为-138‰～-122‰,表明成矿流体为岩浆水与雨水的混合流体.金属硫化物的δ34S值介于-1.9‰～+3.6‰,均值为+1.6‰,表明成矿物质主要来自深源岩浆.多期次的流体沸腾作用是该矿床的主要成矿机制.     

藏南沙拉岗锑矿流体包裹体红外显微测温研究

沙拉岗锑矿是藏南金锑成矿带内最具有代表性的锑矿床。为了更直接地了解该矿床的流体物理化学特征,本文利用红外显微镜对辉锑矿及紧密共生石英中的流体包裹体进行了显微测温研究。红外显微测温分析结果表明,辉锑矿中包裹体均一温度在134.9～221.9℃,峰值在160～190℃之间,盐度在1.7%～7.3%NaCleqv,峰值在5.0%～6.0%NaCleqv之间,密度在0.879～0.958g/cm3之间,平均值为0.934g/cm3;共生石英中包裹体均一温度在142.5～205.6℃,峰值在160～190℃之间,盐度在2.3%～7.0%NaCleqv,峰值在4.0%～6.0%NaCleqv之间,密度在0.910～0.947g/cm3之间,平均值为0.929g/cm3。通过对比研究认为沙拉岗辉锑矿及共生石英形成于同一物理化学条件,捕获同一成矿流体。结合石英中单个流体包裹体激光拉曼成分分析认为成矿流体为含微量CO2、N2、CH4气体的低温、低盐度和低密度的NaCl-H2O热液体系。成矿流体的沸腾作用是辉锑矿大量沉淀主要原因。     

内蒙古车户沟钼铜矿成矿年代学及成矿流体特征研究

内蒙古车户沟斑岩钼铜矿床位于西拉木伦钼矿带内.含矿花岗斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为251.6±3.2Ma,9件辉钼矿样品Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为250.2±7.2Ma,表明成矿作用发生在早三叠世.车户沟钼铜矿床成矿流体演化可分为矿前阶段、早阶段、中阶段和晚阶段.矿前阶段以斑晶石英+磁铁矿为标志,流体以高温、低盐度、富CO2为特征;早阶段是辉钼矿沉淀的主要阶段,流体包裹体均一温度分布范围为210 ～ 423℃,盐度范围为5.3％ ～45.8％ NaCleqv,部分不同类型不同盐度的包裹体密切共生,但均一温度接近,指示沸腾作用发生;中阶段为黄铜矿沉淀的主要阶段,未见含CO2包裹体,流体包裹体均一温度为210 ～ 391℃,盐度范围为1.7％ ～43.8％ NaCleqv;晚阶段为石英-碳酸盐±黄铁矿脉,只发育富液相水溶液包裹体,均一温度低于260℃,盐度为2.4％～11.4％ NaCleqv.因此,车户沟矿床成矿流体由初始的高温、富CO2,经沸腾作用和CO2逃逸,演化为低温、贫CO2.车户沟氢氧同位素特征早阶段流体(δ18OH2o=5.1‰～5.7‰,δDH2o=-91‰ ～-88‰)属于岩浆热液,中、晚阶段(δ18OH2O=-5.1‰～4.2‰,δDH2O=-105‰～-84‰)介于岩浆水和大气降水之间,指示成矿过程中有大气降水加入.     

湖北竹山县银洞沟矿床成矿流体特征及矿床成因

银洞沟大型银多金属矿床位于南秦岭造山带,矿体主要受东西向的银洞岩背斜控制,呈脉状产于武当山群变火山岩.热液成矿作用包含4个阶段:(Ⅰ)细粒石英-闪锌矿-方铅矿阶段;(Ⅱ)细粒石英-银金矿化阶段;(Ⅲ)粗粒石英阶段,含少量方铅矿-闪锌矿-黄铜矿;(Ⅳ)块状铁白云石-石英阶段.银洞沟矿床流体包裹体可分为3类:NaCl-H2O型(W型)、CO2-H2O-NaCl型(C型)和CO2-CH4型(PC型).Ⅰ阶段石英中的流体包裹体以W和C型为主,含少量PC型,相比Ⅰ阶段,Ⅱ阶段的C型包裹体更多,而Ⅲ阶段仅发育W型包裹体.显微测温表明,Ⅰ阶段流体包裹体均一温度为308 ～ 436℃,盐度为5.1％～10.2％ NaCleqv;Ⅱ阶段均一温度为220～375℃,盐度为2.0％～ 10.7％ NaCleqv;Ⅲ阶段均一温度为122 ～272℃,盐度为0.4％～7.2％ NaCleqv.根据C型包裹体估算前两个阶段压力分别为330 ～463MPa和180～363MPa,相应成矿深度分别为12.5～17.5km和6.8 ～13.8km.从Ⅰ到Ⅲ阶段,δ18OW、δD平均值分别由8.4‰和-72‰,变化至0.9‰和-67‰,指示初始成矿流体来自变质热液,晚阶段混入了大气降水.流体包裹体与氢氧同位素数据表明,银洞沟矿床成矿流体为中温、低盐度、富CO2的变质热液,属于造山型矿床,流体的混合可能是金属沉淀的主要机制.     

小秦岭文峪金矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因

文峪金矿位于小秦岭矿田南部,其产出受脆-韧性剪切带控制,赋矿围岩为太华群变质杂岩.根据脉体穿切关系和矿物交代关系,可以将文峪金矿流体成矿过程分为早、中、晚三个阶段,其热液石英中发育CO2-H2O型、纯CO2型和H2O溶液型三种类型流体包裹体.平阶段石英中原生包裹体主要是CO2-H2O型和纯CO2型,其成分为CO2+H2O±N2±CH4,均一温度集中在290～330℃,盐度为1.02％～9.59％ NaCleqv;中阶段为主成矿阶段,该阶段石英中包含了所有3种类型的包裹体,其中以CO2-H2O型包裹体为主,获得CO2-H2O和水溶液包裹体均一温度集中在250～290℃,盐度为0.02％～12.81％NaCleqv;晚阶段石英仅发育水溶液型包裹体,具有较低的均一温度(114～239℃)和盐度(4.18％～8.95％ NaCleqv).根据CO2-H2O型包裹体计算早、中阶段压力分别为130 ～ 178MPa和85 ～ 150MPa,对应的成矿深度分别为4.7～6.5km和3.1～5.5km.总体而言,文峪金矿的初始流体具有中高温、富CO2、低盐度的变质流体特征,晚成矿阶段流体演化为低温、低盐度水溶液流体,流体的不混溶导致了主成矿期矿质的大量沉淀,文峪金矿为中浅成的造山型矿床.     

青海什多龙热液脉型钼铅锌矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因

什多龙热液脉型钼铅锌矿床受印支期成生的NNW向断裂构造控制,与该期构造运动导致的花岗岩类岩体的侵入活动紧密关联.热液成矿过程包括四个阶段,依次以石英-辉钼矿化(Ⅰ)、石英-黄铁矿-闪锌矿化(Ⅱ)、石英-多金属硫化物化(Ⅲ)及石英-碳酸盐化(Ⅳ)为特征.矿石石英中主要发育两类流体包裹体:富水的CO2-H2O两相包裹体与H2O溶液包裹体(包括富气相、富液相与纯液相三类).Ⅰ阶段包裹体均一温度为317～ 397℃,盐度为9.98％～12.28％ NaCleqv;Ⅱ阶段包裹体均一温度为226 ～ 342℃,盐度为4.34％ ～ 10.98％ NaCleqv;Ⅲ阶段包裹体均一温度为131 ～247℃,盐度为2.07％ ～5.41％NaCleqv.流体叠加作用强烈,早阶段矿石石英中常见沿微裂隙捕获的晚阶段包裹体.流体包裹体气液相组分的分阶段热爆研究表明,成矿流体主要属于K+-Na+-SO42-型,从Ⅰ阶段至Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段,阴阳离子总量急剧降低;气相组分除H2O与CO2外,还含有相对较多的N2、CH4等气体.Ⅰ阶段流体为混入了大气降水的岩浆水,Ⅱ阶段发生流体混合作用,大量大气降水与部分地层水混入流体系统中,Ⅲ阶段流体以大气降水及地层水为主.流体混合作用及伴随的温压条件的降低是导致铅锌等成矿元素沉淀与富集的重要机制.     

内蒙古浩尧尔忽洞金矿床流体包裹体特征

成矿流体来源与矿床成因的关系一直是矿床学研究的重点与难点。通过流体包裹体显微测温、原位激光拉曼光谱分析和包裹体化学成分分析,对浩尧尔忽洞金矿床成矿流体进行了较系统的研究。测试结果表明:该矿床石英中流体包裹体分为气液包裹体、气体包裹体、纯气体包裹体和纯液相包裹体四类。大部分流体包裹体均一为液相,少量气体包裹体均一为气相。伟晶岩脉石英流体包裹体均一温度峰值260～340℃,炭质板岩内含矿石英细脉内石英流体包裹体均一温度峰值260～380℃。石英流体包裹体气相成分为H2O、CO2、CH4、N2和C2H6,液相成分为Cl-、SO2-4、Na+、K+、Mg2+和Ca2+。炭质板岩中石英流体包裹体的氢氧同位素(δD H2O=-96.20‰～-82.80‰,δ18O H2O=3.97‰～7.93‰)靠近原生岩浆水。认为浩尧尔忽洞金矿床成矿与海西期岩浆活动有关,属中高温低压浅成热液矿床。     

甘肃小西弓金矿床成矿流体性质及演化:流体包裹体和稳定同位素证据

小西弓金矿床是北山造山带南带重要的中型金矿床,矿体产出受韧性剪切带控制。热液成矿过程由早到晚分为石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-多金属硫化物阶段和石英-碳酸岩阶段。石英-黄铁矿阶段石英中发育富液二相、富气二相和含CO2三相流体包裹体,均一温度范围为228℃~438℃,盐度为4.03%~17.50%NaCleqv,属中高温、中低盐度流体。石英-多金属硫化物阶段石英中发育富液二相、富气二相、含CO2三相和纯液相流体包裹体,均一温度范围为182℃~376℃,盐度为3.23%~12.21%NaCleqv。流体演化过程中发生了流体沸腾和混合作用,这可能是导致金沉淀富集的主要机制。流体沸腾温度区间约为268℃~347℃。成矿早阶段石英中流体包裹体的δ18 O和δD值分别为8.0‰~8.3‰和-84‰~-107‰。结合矿床地质特征和氢氧同位素研究认为,初始成矿流体来自变质热液,晚阶段有大气降水加入。     

湖北郧西地区锑矿床成矿机制研究：流体包裹体和原位硫同位素证据

湖北郧西地区（鄂西北）发育有一系列锑矿床,但这些锑矿床的成因仍存在较大争议。为了准确限定该区域锑矿床的成因类型,本次研究以高桥坡和王家沟锑矿床为研究对象,在详细的野外地质调查和室内显微镜观察基础上,开展了系统的流体包裹体和原位S同位素研究。研究表明高桥坡锑矿床的成矿阶段可划分为：Ⅰ石英-硫化物阶段,此阶段为主成矿阶段,硫化物以黄铁矿和辉锑矿为主;Ⅱ石英-方解石-硫化物阶段;Ⅲ方解石-硫化物阶段。王家沟锑矿床的成矿阶段可划分为：Ⅰ石英-黄铁矿-闪锌矿阶段;Ⅱ石英-辉锑矿阶段,此阶段为主成矿阶段;Ⅲ石英-黄铁矿阶段。两个矿床各期次包裹体均以富液的气液两相包裹体为主。高桥坡矿床从早到晚,成矿流体温度逐渐降低,主成矿阶段成矿流体温度为160~260℃,流体盐度一般较低（w(NaCleq)为2%~4%）。王家沟锑矿床主成矿阶段成矿流体温度为170~310℃,流体盐度较低,w(NaCleq)约为0.35%~4.8%。高桥坡锑矿床的δ³⁴S值从Ⅰ阶段（7.2‰~12.4‰）到Ⅱ阶段（-3.4‰~2.5‰）,再到Ⅲ阶段（-1.9‰~2.5‰）逐渐降低;王家沟锑矿床的δ³⁴S值变化趋势与高桥坡相似,由Ⅰ阶段（7.4‰~10.5‰）,到Ⅱ阶段（2.5‰~10.4‰）,再到Ⅲ阶段（-3.7‰~0.8‰）逐渐降低。结合区域内矿床地质、地球化学特征,笔者认为高桥坡和王家沟锑矿可能为浅成热液矿床。浅部流体循环到深部并富集成矿物质,随后循环至浅部,随着成矿流体温度下降,辉锑矿沉淀,形成了高桥坡和王家沟锑矿床。     

吉林中部锑矿床成矿流体特征及其意义——以大秃顶子、植林、幸福屯锑矿为例

吉林中站地区分布着一系列金、锑、铜镍矿床，成矿地质条件良好.对大秃顶子、幸福屯、植林3个锑矿床辉锑矿主成矿期石英流体包裹体进行显微测温研究和稳定同位素(H、O、S)分析，结果表明，流体包裹体主要发育有3种类型：Ⅰ型富液两相■包裹体，Ⅱ型纯液相(H₂O)包裹体，Ⅲ型气相包裹体.包裹体均一温度范围为121.5～281.5℃，盐度范围为3.39%～10.73%，估算密度范围为0.833～0.985 g/cm³，成矿流体为中低温、低盐度、低密度.H-O同位素组成特征显示，δ¹⁸O变化范围为15.71‰～18.28‰，δD变化范围为-111.1‰～-83.8‰，成矿流体主要是岩浆热液，后期有大气降水加入.黄铁矿的δ³⁴S范围在-8.25‰～-3.86‰，辉锑矿的δ³⁴S范围在-8.18‰～-7.67‰，δ³⁴S值范围较为集中，明显区别于岩浆硫，成矿物质主要来源于地壳.锆石U-Pb测年结果显示，区内侵入岩的结晶年龄为205±2.7 Ma、192±1.9 Ma、195±...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an