南方红土中的磁极倒转以及磁化率变动记录

江西省修水县杨梅山剖面244个定向样品的岩石磁学研究表明,杨梅山剖面的磁极倒转自上而下分别为布莱克(Blake)K向极性偏移、安比拉(Emperor)反向极性偏移、布客—松山(Brunhes—Matuyama)极性带界线以及上部贾拉米洛(Upper Jaramillo)正向亚带;杨梅山剖面样品的磁性矿物为磁赤铁矿;杨梅山剖面浓度(数量)归一化的磁化率变动和深海氧同位素变化具备较好的一致性,该剖面的磁化率变动对应着深海氧同位素自第5阶至第23阶的变化;杨梅山剖面跨越了布容—松山极性带界线以及深海氧同位素的第19阶,中国南方红土的底界年龄可能大于78Ma,即早于中国北方黄土的L8黄土层。     

环境磁学样品干燥过程中的磁性效应

对长江口南岸潮滩沉积物柱样和表层样品的烘干、风干和冻干法处理,然后进行系统磁性测量和水分、有机质的测定。实验结果得知:以冻干法为参照,烘干和风干方法对样品的磁参数的稳定性影响很小,但研究质地粘重样品时,应避免采用风干方法或校正风干样含水量质量后计算相关的磁参数。有机质的含量与主要磁参数成正相关,它对磁参数的影响很小     

南海北部DSH-1C柱状样晚更新世以来沉积物磁性特征及其环境意义

对取自南海北部陆坡“海洋四号沉积体”的DSH-1C柱状样,进行了沉积学和磁学分析,结合相关资料探讨了该柱状样沉积物磁性特征的纵向变化及其与该区沉积环境变化的关系。结果表明：DSH-1C柱状样自上而下共划分为3个岩性单元,表层沉积物为全新世氧同位素1期(MIS1)以粘土质粉砂为主的深海-半深海沉积;中部含数层重力流沉积夹层为晚更新世氧同位素2期(MIS2)沉积;底部为晚更新世氧同位素3期(MIS3)粘土质粉砂。该柱状样磁化率(χ)平均值为1.72×10-7 m3/kg。所有样品的等温剩磁(IRM)均已达到饱和等温剩磁(SIRM)的80%以上,S300的最小值为0.605。该柱状样沉积物中的磁性矿物极少,以低矫顽力矿物为主;在陆源物质输入较多的间冰期(MIS1和MIS3期),其磁性参数值较高;反之,在MIS2其磁性参数值较低,可能与冰期该区陆源物质减少有关。此外,该岩心柱中富含有孔虫壳体或双壳碎屑的重力流层沉积物的磁性参数值低,与这些逆磁性碳酸盐组分的增加有关。     

长江口水下三角洲Y7柱样磁性特征及其影响因素

以长江口水下三角洲380cm长的Y7柱样为对象,在磁性测量、地球化学和粒度分析的基础上,探讨了近百年以来长江口水下三角洲沉积物磁性特征变化及其影响因素.研究结果表明,磁铁矿是主导Y7柱样磁性特征的主要矿物,相比常量元素和粒度的均一组成,磁性特征存在显著的垂向变化.220cm以下,频率磁化率(χfd)、非磁滞剩磁磁化率(χARM)、磁化率(χ)、饱和等温剩磁(SIRM)、χARM/χ以及χARM/SIRM随深度增加而下降,而退磁参数S-100mT和S-300mT则呈相反变化趋势;220cm以上,χfd,χ,χARM/χ,χARM/SIRM以及S-100mT和S-300mT随深度变化不大,而SIRM和χARM则随深度增加呈现下降趋势.Y7柱样中硬剩磁(HIRM)随深度变化不大.结合Mn/Fe比值的变化,研究认为Y7柱样300cm以下层位,随深度增加沉积物磁性减弱和超顺磁颗粒急剧减少,还原成岩作用是重要因素之一,不完整反铁磁性矿物因相对稳定而导致其在磁性矿物组合中的比例上升.此外,长江中上游主要支流泥沙贡献率的变化可能会对Y7柱样磁性特征有一定影响,但尚需进一步的工作支持.     

洛川黄土-红粘土序列铁氧化物组成及其古气候指示

对洛川黄土、古土壤和红粘土中磁性矿物组成、成因和相关系进行了研究。结果表明:黄土磁性矿物以风尘磁铁矿为主,少量的成土赤铁矿和成土磁赤铁矿;古土壤磁性矿物以成土磁赤铁矿为主,成土赤铁矿次之,少量的风尘磁铁矿和赤铁矿;红粘土磁性矿物以成土赤铁矿为主,风尘磁铁矿和成土磁赤铁矿次之,少量风尘赤铁矿。黄土、古土壤和红粘土磁性矿物组成差异,反映了其形成期不同的古气候特性以及不同气候条件下生物地球化学作用强度的差异。干冷的冰期,黄土弱成土作用形成了以粗颗粒的风尘磁铁矿核 赤铁矿边的磁化率载体。间冰期的温暖湿润的古气候最有利于生物活动,强烈生物活动导致古土壤中大量纳米超细磁赤铁矿/磁铁矿产生,形成以磁赤铁矿为主,风尘磁铁矿核 赤铁矿边为辅的磁化率载体。红粘土成壤期,强降雨强蒸发的长干短湿的高温炎热的古气候使得红粘土化学风化强烈,生物地球化学活动较弱,形成以磁铁矿核 赤铁矿边和磁赤铁矿核 赤铁矿边的磁化率载体。黄土、古土壤和红粘土磁性矿物组成、磁性矿物相关系是其形成期独特的古气候指示。     

安徽龙河口水库沉积物磁性特征及其环境意义

对龙河口水库建库以来代表性沉积物柱样（ALE）进行了磁性参数测量和粒度分析，探讨了各磁性参数随深度变化的特点及与粒度参数的关系。同时通过与流域降水量曲线的比较，认为库区沉积物受降水量影响显著，cARM/c可作为反映流域降水量变化的一个间接指标。     

西峰和段家坡剖面S5-1层段磁性矿物的成分与组合特征

从西峰和段家坡黄土剖面S5-1层段中分选出<30μm粒级、磁性相对最强的组分(分别为XS-4J和DS-4J),先后进行了MPV-3光学显微镜的观察与反射率测定、矿物的扫描电镜能谱测定和X射线衍射物相分析.两个样品的磁性矿物均以风尘碎屑状的钛铁氧化物为主.XS-4J样矿物的反射率和Fe的含量都普遍较高,磁性矿物除磁(赤)铁矿、赤铁矿外还见有含铁高的氧化物(Fe 72.20%～86.70%,质量分数)和含Cr、Ni的钛铁晶石或钛铁矿.DS-4J样的磁性矿物中Fe与Ti元素呈明显的负线性相关关系,Si、Al、Ca的含量较高,矿物以磁(赤)铁矿、赤铁矿、针铁矿和褐铁矿为主,并明显见有磁性矿物被溶蚀和新生的磁(赤)铁矿.磁性矿物成分与组合特征的差异反映了西峰与段家坡S5-1岩石中磁性矿物的物质来源与保存条件有较明显的差异.     

红粘土的磁学性质研究

本文对陕西宝鸡剖面红粘土上部进行了详细的岩石磁学研究，确定了该地区红粘土的主要磁性矿物是磁铁矿。赤铁矿相对含量很少，对剩余磁性贡献较小。磁性质不稳定的磁赤铁矿存在于红粘土中，但不影响剩磁稳定性。特征剩磁载体主要是磁铁矿。磁性矿物的粒度是以准单畴为主。红粘土的短时间弛豫粘滞剩磁很强，因此在零磁空间进行退磁和剩磁测量是非常重要的。     

吉黑褶皱系南段花岗岩磁性类型研究

本文简要评述了Ishihara(1977)关于花岗岩类磁铁矿系列和钛铁矿系列的分类方案.对吉黑褶皱系南段(吉林省延边地区、黑龙江省牡丹江地区)花岗岩磁参数分布规律,磁性矿物类型以及磁异常进行了综合研究,笔者认为,该区花岗岩确有不同的磁性类型,并和它们磁性矿物的组合类型相对应.Ishihara的方案使得利用磁法能够很好地划分花岗岩岩石类型,因而具有广泛的实用价值.最后,通过实例讨论了例外情况的消除和解释方法.     

地面高精度磁法在塞拉利昂洛琴铁矿区的应用

塞拉利昂位于赤道附近,属于低纬度地区。在低纬度区,以水平磁化为主的条件下,磁性体所产生的ΔT磁异常以负异常为主,正异常伴生。通过对磁资料进行倒相180°、化赤、化极处理方法的对比,认为在不考虑剩磁、磁性体退磁作用的情况下,结合当地地质情况,倒相180°的处理方法能够展现该区的磁场特征,以此作为基础资料对全区的磁异常进行解释。利用不同高度的向上延拓处理,有效地排除了浅层干扰,突出深层异常特征,再结合最大坡度法、经验切线法、欧拉奇次方程法确定其磁性体的埋深和水平大致位置,最后,采用二度半人机交互反演拟合磁性体大致的形态,通过布设钻探施工,验证结果与推断吻合较好。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of