某测绘大队引进新技术获得成功

我国天津海洋测绘研究所某测绘大队,最近从美国引进的海道测量自动化系统,经实际海上试验,效果较好,将由该单位投入使用。这种成套海道测量自动化系统,是我国目前从国外引进的第一套设备。它比原来使用的海道测量设备具有更多的先进性,能自动定位,自动采集数据,自动成图,具有计算机处理与控制的自动化流水程序。减轻了劳动强度——作业人数由原来的6人缩至现在的2人左右,提高了成图精度—测线偏差能控制在一     

海道测量数据库建设的关键技术研究

简要介绍了海道测量数据资源现状和应用服务需求及海道测量数据库建设的必要性和目标要求,总体说明了海道测量数据库的建设内容、技术架构和服务能力,深入探讨了海道测量数据库建设过程中涉及的数据库建模、数据分级存储、通用数据采集引擎、地形数据保真处理和海量离散数据网格化等多项关键技术及解决思路。最后提出了下一步工作思路和研究方向。     

美国海道测量任务规划体系研究

将有限的测量资源科学、合理地投入到海道测量任务中,能够实现海洋基础地理空间数据的高效保障。以美国为主要研究对象,较为系统地研究了其海道测量任务规划体系的基本内容,从重要导航区确定、海道测量区域优先级划分、需求反馈机制建立,基于海道测量健康模型的海道测量任务优先级系统建立,分析了美国开展海道测量任务规划数字化的基本步骤及潜在优势。研究结果表明:海道测量健康模型可充分反映海道测量需求和航海安全风险,是数据驱动海道测量任务规划体系的重要组成部分,运行高效、信息化水平高、结果直观,可为我国开展海道测量任务体系规划提供借鉴思路和技术支持。     

海道测量潮汐计算与应用

研究了应用于海道测量的潮汐数值预报方法,研制了海道测量潮汐计算与应用软件系统,介绍了该系统的组成与主要功能以及有关数学模型的建立与计算方法。应用本文的方法,可解决船载水深测量和机载激光测深的水位改正问题。     

海军大连舰艇学院海道测量专业通过A级国际海道测量师培训资格认证

20 0 2年 6月 18日 ,在美国新罕布什尔州召开的由国际测量师联合会 (ＦＩＧ)、国际海道测量组织 (ＩＨＯ)及国际制图协会 (ＩＣＡ)组成的联合咨询委员会第 15届会议上 ,海军大连舰艇学院海道测量专业正式通过Ａ级国际海道测量师培训资格认证。成为世界上为数不多的国际海道测量师Ａ级国际授权培训单位之一。这标志着我国海道测量专业具备了培训Ａ级国际海道测量师的资格 ,率先步入了国际标准化教育行列。国际海道测量教育始于 2 0世纪 70年代后期 ,由国际测量师联合会 (ＦＩＧ)和国际海道测量组织 (ＩＨＯ)联合组建的国际咨询委员会具体负责…     

英国海道测量发展状况及对我们的启示

应英国海道测量局的邀请,交通部安全监督局林玉乃局长、海军司令部航海保证部孔令户部长率中国海道测量代表团,于1996年10月21～23日对英国海道测量局和英国海军测量部队进行了访问。访问期间,英国海道测量局局长克拉克少将向代表团介绍了英国海道测量管理体制和海图制图新技术应用情况。代表团详细参观、考察了海道测量局海图资料处理、海     

海道测量定位数据后处理的拟合算法研究

根据海道测量定位数据后处理的要求,对定位数据后处理中的拟合算法进行了研究,提出了一种基于多面函数拟合的后处理方法,并给出了相应的数学模型。实例结果表明,后处理中采用多面函数拟合法处理测线定位数据可提高定位数据的可靠性,拟合精度可将精密动态定位控制在厘米级。上述方法有利于提高海道测量中海上定位成果的质量。     

当前国际海道测量技术进展

通过参加第18届国际海道测量大会测绘仪器展和对所收集的资料翻译整理,对当前国际海道测量技术进展进行了分析总结。我国海道测量技术水平与国际先进水平还有较大差距;当前国际海道测量、测量装备及软件系统的不断更新、自主式无人机、水下机器人及智能浮标等新技术的广泛应用,极大丰富了海道测量信息,海道测量的服务范围不断扩大,随着海洋开发的加快,北极必将成为世界海道测量下一个热点。     

IHO海道测量工作组工作进展研究和思考

为及时了解国际海道测量领域发展动态和未来发展方向,系统梳理海道测量工作组(HSWG)的创立过程、工作目标和组织构成,跟进研究HSWG历次会议主要内容,分析得出HSWG工作重点及前沿技术动态。结合我国海道测量行业现状,对维护和更新《海道测量标准》(S-44)、维护和更新《海道测量手册》(C-13)以及开发、促进卫星遥感反演水深(SDB)的前沿技术方面展开思考,提出若干建议,为我国海道测量行业的发展提供一些参考。     

IHO发布《电子航海图生产指南》

国际海道测量组织(IHO)为满足发展中国家进行电子航海图生产的需要,近期发布了特别出版物S65《电子航海图生产指南》(ElectronicNavigationCharts[ENCs]ProductionGuidance)。目前为2005年3月第1版。该指南在较高层次上对电子海图数据的生产、维护、分发等做了指导性的规范。就ENC数据的生产、维护、分发所必须的需求和流程,对官方海道测量部门给出了建设性的框架结构。它提供了支持每个生产阶段所必须的参考性文档,这些文档不是技术手册,而是整个生产过程的指导。该指南的内容包括:编制目的和涉及范围,电子航海图定义,官方海道测量部…     

Design and Implementation of the Hydrographic Production and Management Information System (HYPAMIS)

With the development of hydrographic work and information techniques, the traditional work mode is not suitable for the Chinese Marine Safety Administration Bureau (CMSAB). Aiming at the separation of charts production and management, a new idea that is the integration of production, management, and quality control is presented. Geographic Information System (GIS), Management Information System (MIS), Office Automation (OA) and Spatial Database Management (SDM) advanced techniques are introduced into the workflows in CMSAB. To realize information sharing, a mixed mode with Browser/Server (B/S) mode and Client/Serve (C/S) mode are adopted. Based on the above ideas and strategies, an integrated system named Hydrographic Production And Management Information System (HYPAMIS) was developed. The whole workflow and three subworkflows including survey management workflow, production workflow, and quality control workflow of are outlined after re-engineering the CMSAB organization. Some design principles and key techniques of the HYPAMIS including the cooperation of GIS and MIS, object-oriented spatial data model and management, data management based on database, and security control are illustrated in detail. Then the implementation of the system is introduced briefly. Finally, performance evaluation of the system and future work is given.     

Design and Implementation of the Hydrographic Production and Management Information System (HYPAMIS)

With the development of hydrographic work and information techniques, the traditional work mode is not suitable for the Chinese Marine Safety Administration Bureau (CMSAB). Aiming at the separation of charts production and management, a new idea that is the integration of production, management, and quality control is presented. Geographic Information System (GIS), Management Information System (MIS), Office Automation (OA) and Spatial Database Management (SDM) advanced techniques are introduced into the workflows in CMSAB. To realize information sharing, a mixed mode with Browser/Server (B/S) mode and Client/Serve (C/S) mode are adopted. Based on the above ideas and strategies, an integrated system named Hydrographic Production And Management Information System (HYPAMIS) was developed. The whole workflow and three subworkflows including survey management workflow, production workflow, and quality control workflow of are outlined after re-engineering the CMSAB organization. Some design principles and key techniques of the HYPAMIS including the cooperation of GIS and MIS, object-oriented spatial data model and management, data management based on database, and security control are illustrated in detail. Then the implementation of the system is introduced briefly. Finally, performance evaluation of the system and future work is given.     

面向服务的海洋测绘信息分发技术研究

按照网络化服务方式,构建面向服务的海洋测绘信息分发平台,遵循面向服务体系架构解决了海洋测绘数据发布难题,向各类用户提供专业信息推送和技术服务,保证了海洋测绘信息的现势性,提升了海洋测绘信息化网络化保障能力。     

海洋测绘信息保障网络系统设计与实现

通过建立海洋测绘数据库,在网络中以简单多样化的操作界面,发布区域海洋测绘信息数据,通过系统用户权限分配,实现区域海洋测绘信息的在线浏览、查询等,建成集海洋测绘数字信息管理、上传与下载、网上服务为一体的海洋测绘信息保障网络系统.     

海事测绘资料管理系统设计与实现

主要讨论了海事测绘资料管理系统中的三个主要模块：航海图书资料系统、专题测绘系统、电子文档系统的设计与实现，该系统通过对海图编绘过程中涉及到的纸质资料、电子文档资料及测绘基础数据进行系统管理，达到减少测绘工作量，提高海图编绘质量的目的。     

Combining historical and new hydrographic data

The NOAA National Ocean Service hydrographic surveys run between 1930 and 1965 have been digitized from the paper smooth sheets. The surveys since 1965 have been collected, processed, and stored in digital form. The new multibeam systems have been used since 1984 to cover over 100,000 square nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone with overlapping swaths of digital soundings. Each of these multibeam surveys may contain millions of soundings. None of the above data has been assigned quality control tags by NOS, but they are stored by survey number, with indexes showing what younger data are available to supersede older data in any area.

Large digital databases, such as the Master Seaftoor Digital Database, are planned in connection with the Defense Hydrographic Initiative. It will be necessary to assign quality control ratings to the soundings in the databases. The detailed survey data may be indexed in the master database but maintained in distributed databases. The databases could supply historical sounding data in digital form for the planning, collection, processing, and evaluation of new survey data.

During the compilation of some bathymetric maps and nautical charts, it is necessary to junction and combine the newer multibeam surveys having total bottom coverage, with the more widely spaced historical data. Precedence is given to the newer hydrographic data, with some older data being removed as needed in order to provide a smooth transition between data sets. In applying multibeam data to nautical charts, it is necessary that actual soundings be positioned properly with respect to bottom contours, which may have been drawn using gridded values. The junctioning of historical and newer data sets is expected to be aided by the use of interactive cartographic workstations.     

深度基准面的最低潮意义不一致性问题分析

因资料时长、算法实现等差异,长期验潮站的深度基准面L值存在最低潮意义不一致问题。通过对北方海区长期站的算法实现考证,表明最低潮意义不一致是普遍现象。从三个层次提出了解决方案:(1)对于一般测量作业单位,以不同传递方法的结果判断最低潮意义一致性,以保持L值空间连续分布为原则取值;(2)对于基础海洋测绘管理部门,应构建全海域的深度基准面模型,作为基础数据集提供查询与内插的公众服务;(3)对于国家层面的多部门统筹,应统一深度基准面的历元与算法实现,建立基准维持与调整的长效机制。     

2014年《海洋测绘》论文综述

针对2014年《海洋测绘》刊载的论文,从海洋测绘学科发展角度,通过对各专业发表论文的统计分析,对海洋重力测量、海洋磁力测量、卫星测高、海洋测量定位、海岛礁测量、海岸带遥感影像处理、海图制图等专业领域的的最新研究成果及其发展现状,进行了归纳总结和简要评述。旨在为广大测绘工作者提供理论和技术参考。     

2020年《海洋测绘》论文综述

综合2020年《海洋测绘》刊载的论文情况,立足海洋测绘学科发展分析海洋测绘相关领域的最新研究进展,重点对海洋大地测量、海岸地形测量、海底地形测量、海洋重力测量、海洋磁力测量、海图制图、测量装备及仪器研究等专业领域的最新研究成果及其发展现状进行归纳总结,简要介绍了研究成果在相关领域存在的差距,以及作者如何借鉴和吸收已有理论,进而提出新理论、新技术、新方法的过程,旨在为广大海洋测绘科技工作者提供理论和技术参考。     

An Electronic Chart Display and Information System

This article introduces the most advanced form of electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS) which complies with the performance standards for ECDIS established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). It also describes the key features and the important functions of ECDIS, which we developed. This system is different from the productions developed by C-map, Seven-cs, offshore, and others. It is more suitable for China Marine Safety Administration Bureau to manage the navigation marks real-time. Using this system charts were located and accessed rapidly, and displayed smoothly. This article also discusses in ECDIS application system how to dynamically access and desert charts data in a limited memory (limited computer memory and resource). We constructed a tridimensional structure to manage a large amount of charts data. Vertically, according to the scale range, all charts were divided into eight levels, and a data structure called as “Multiple Scale Quad-tree” was constructed. And horizontally, a grid (every unit has a fixed size) was given to a certain scale level. We call this data structure a “Regular Page.” We explore the implementation of such a structure on the worldwide charts management utilizing quad-trees. Then we discuss the future development of ECDIS and its application system in marine agencies in China.