四川省阿坝地区大骨结病区地球化学特征

大骨结病是中国分布较广的地方病，在四川省阿坝州流行，特别在若尔盖的包座地区严重流行。笔者通过以往专家对于大骨结病病因研究、生命元素特征分析和大骨结病病区和非病区的元素背景的研究认为，四川阿坝地区大骨结病可能是病区腐植酸富集，Se、Mo、Cu、V的偏低和Ba、Sr、P对于CaO的拮抗作用造成Ca的缺乏所引起的地方病。与此同时，通过1：20万内江幅“趴病”区的土壤和水化学元素地球化学研究，认为有类似之处。因此，上述因素可能是这种骨骼病的地球化学的病因。     

甘肃省区域地球化学场特征

张新虎等人在区域成矿地质背景研究过程中,根据甘肃省区域化探新成果,结合地球化学块体研究,对地球化学场特征进行梳理,认为地球化学场是地壳浅表不同地质体、各种地质—地球化学作用演化过程的反映。本文数据来源于全省1∶20万区域化探扫面成果资料,主要采样介质为水系沉积物,定量分析39种元素和氧化物。文章介绍了甘肃省6大地理地球化学景观区特征,在总结甘肃省区域地球化学场特征时指出:地球化学景观条件对元素分布、迁移、富集产生影响,不同元素组合空间分布受不同构造层次、地质建造单元控制,反映出区域构造演化特征和成岩、成矿物质成分的差异。其中北山地区处于干旱荒漠景观区,多数元素背景值偏低,与全国平均值相比明显偏低的元素(化合物)有As、Ag、B、Cr、Ni、Co、V、Fe2O3、Mn、P、Cu、Zn等,近乎是全国平均值的一半,Ba、Sr、Ca O、K_2O、Na_2O、SiO_2相对富集,这与该景观区强蒸发、碱性环境和钙质积结有关,其中Sr高出全国均值近2倍。祁连山地区与全国相比As、Au、Ba、Cr、Ni、Co、Cu、Fe_2O_3、Sb明显高出,反映出铜、多金属成矿带的基本地球化学特点。在总结元素空间分布特征和统计分析基础上,划出地球化学域2个、地球化学省7个、地球化学带20个。区域地球化学场研究在地质找矿中居战略地位,地球化学分区对矿产资源勘查、异常查证具有宏观指导意义。甘肃省已完成区域化探扫面面积36.4万km~2,综合异常查证率达到65%,通过化探异常查证及后续地质工作发现各类矿产地230个,发现和评价了一批新矿产地,其潜在经济价值巨大。特别是化探找金取得丰硕成果,为甘肃省金矿勘查、开发奠定了坚实基础,作出了重要贡献,化探异常查证目前仍是方便、快捷、经济、有效的勘查技术方法。     

河南省南部地区生态地球化学评价

河南省南部是全国地方病多发区之一,如何改变环境条件,抑制地方病的发生与蔓延是各级政府亟待解决的问题之一。根据河南省南部地区(1:20万商城县、固始县幅)区域地球化学调查资料,对本区生态环境进行了初步评价。提供了40种元素地球化学成果资料,为生态地球化学研究提供了必要的地球化学前提。     

抚顺盆地始新统计军屯组油页岩地球化学特征及其沉积环境

沉积物元素地球化学特征是盆地沉积环境变化的响应。本文根据元素Ti、Mn、Li、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Cd、Ba、Pb、Sr、Rb、V的含量及Sr／Ba、Ni／Co、Ni／V、Cu／Zn、V／（V＋Ni）比值的变化规律，并结合有机地球化学特征，对抚顺盆地始新统计军屯组油页岩的沉积环境进行了分析。以Li、Ti为代表的外源元素，贫矿段的含量高于富矿段；而Sr、Ba等湖盆内化学沉积元素，富矿段的含量高于贫矿。Sr／Ba、V／（V＋Ni）、Ni／Co、Cu／Zn比值从贫矿段到富矿段呈现逐渐增大的趋势。富矿段有机质类型主要为Ⅰ型，而贫矿段主要为Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2。分析表明，本区油页岩富矿段形成于水体盐度较贫矿段高、还原性强的深湖环境，而贫矿段则形成于还原性较弱的半深湖一浅湖环境。     

广东三水盆地古近系心组生油层的元素地球化学特征

沉积物的元素地球化学特征是对沉积盆地水体环境以及古气候条件变化的响应。本文根据元素（Al、Fe、Mg、Ca、K、Na、P、V、Ni、Co、Cr、Cu、Zn、Sr、Ba、Cd、Li、Mn、Pb、Ti）的含量及其比值（Al/Ti、Fe/Mn、Sr/Ba、Mg/Ca、Sr/Ca、Na/Ca、V/Cr、Ni/Co、Ni/V）的变化，对三水盆地古近系心组红岗段生油层的沉积条件进行了系统分析。心组红岗段下部（亚段A）表现为较稳定的地球化学特征。各元素丰度及其比值指示这一时期陆源输入持续较高、且物源组成变化不大。由于海水入侵的影响，湖盆水体盐度相对较高，底部水体以弱氧化条件为主，O₂-H₂S界面位于水/沉积物界面附近。红岗段中上部（亚段B、C）的元素地球化学特征变化较为频繁且幅度很大，反映古气候和湖盆沉积条件的迅速变迁。在潮湿气候条件下，沉积物的地球化学特征表现为以Al、Ti为代表的外源元素含量及其比值较高，而Mg、Ca等盆内化学沉积元素含量较低。古氧气指标指示底部水体为还原环境，有利于有机质保存。因而，相应于较高的有机碳含量。在间歇性干旱时期，陆源输入减少，外源元素含量及其比值显著降低。随着蒸发作用的加强，水体盐度加大，内源元素丰度以及Mg/Ca、Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca和Na/Ca比值大幅度上升。底部水体为氧化环境，O₂-H₂S界面多位于水/沉积物界面或沉积物中。上述两种气候条件在红岗段中上部沉积时期交替出现。红岗段沉积后期由于淡水的长期输入，湖水出现逐渐淡化趋势。     

皖北寒武系馒头组灰岩岩石地球化学特征及沉积环境研究

为研究寒武系馒头组灰岩的地球化学特征和沉积环境,采集皖北宿州地区馒头组的灰岩样品,并对其进行系统的微量元素地球化学分析测定.研究结果表明:该研究区灰岩中的稀土元素受到陆源碎屑物与后期成岩作用的共同影响较小.元素有明显的U、Ta、Sr元素富集,Ba、Nb、Ti元素亏损,稀土元素总量(不含Y)范围为3.61～14.2μg/g,轻重稀土分异明显.Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca反映了古气候干燥炎热,偏碱性;Sr/Ba指示为典型的海相咸水沉积环境,水体盐度高;V/Cr和Ni/Co比值的结合,以及Eu、Ce二者负异常,均表明为较好的氧化环境.     

黄土高原南部全新世黄土-古土壤 序列若干元素分布特征及意义*

选择黄土高原南部的XJN,XMC和JYC全新世剖面为研究对象。通过对地层中Ca,Ba,Rb和Sr元素分布的研究,发现Ba/Sr和Rb/Sr比值在不同地层中含量差异十分明显,并与成土作用强度显著正相关,可作为良好的气候替代指标;表生环境中Rb和Ba较稳定,Sr和Ca元素十分活跃,易于迁移,其中Ca的迁移能力高于Sr元素;从XJN→XMC→JYC剖面,Rb和Ba元素含量增加,而Sr和Ca元素含量降低,这与区域环境差异有关;全新世中期暖湿的亚热带气候主要出现关中盆地地区,六盘山以西则是暖温带气候。     

皖北新元古界望山组灰岩微量元素地球化学特征*

为研究皖北新元古界望山组灰岩地球化学特征及地质背景,对该地区灰岩进行了系统的岩石学和微量元素地球化学测试。研究结果表明：望山组灰岩中,元素U、Pb、Sr、Sm富集,Nb、Pr、Zr、Hf明显亏损;稀土总量偏低（6.68～42.78 μg/g）,轻稀土略亏损,Nd_SN/Yb_SN值在0.65～0.91之间变化,轻重稀土分异微弱,灰岩样品均具有程度不同的La和Y正异常。U、Th、Ce等元素特征反映了研究区望山组形成于缺氧的水体环境,Sr/Ba、Sr/Cu值反映了望山组灰岩形成于盐度较大的海水环境和干旱的气候条件;La-Th-Sc和Th-Sc-Zr/10图解指示望山组灰岩可能形成于大陆岛弧环境。     

古海洋生产力地球化学指标的研究

寻求反映古海洋生产力变化的指标是古海洋学研究的重要内容.主量元素地球化学与微量元素地球化学以及相关的同位素指标已成为追溯古海洋生产力演化的有力工具.从古生产力替代指标的示踪原理和应用的角度,综述了主量元素(A1、Fe、P),微量元素(Ba、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cd、Sr/Ca、Mo),同位素(碳、氮同位素)等在古生产力研...     

广西灌阳地区碳酸盐岩层滑断裂构造地球化学系统

灌阳地区碳酸盐岩中的层滑断裂构造地球化学系统具有典型的结构分带性、变形二重性和成分互补性。在这个系统中存在着Cu→Fe3 →V→Si→Al→Mn→Ba→Ni→Sr→Ag→Bi→Ga→In→Pb→Fe2 →Cr→Co→Zn→Mg→Ca→CO2的稳定性递减序列。影响构造地球化学分异的因素是原岩的性质、应力、温度和流体。构造地球化学作用的基本类型有：动力分异作用、压溶作用和氧化还原作用。层滑断裂带并非还原环境，碳质富集源自有机碳的氧化。Sr是高应力环境同构造重结晶方解石带的特征元素，Zn是低应力环境裂隙充填型方解石脉的特征元素。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of