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山东地区地震动衰减和场地响应的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用Atkirlsorl方法,基于遗传算法反演山东地区非弹性衰减Q值,在此基础上利用Moya等方法进行了台站的场地响应的测算。数据分析使用的是山东数字地震台网最早正式运行的8个数字台站记录的所有地震,采用信噪比方法挑选出质量较高的16次地震,对记录谱进行路径校正后参与计算得到每个台站的场地响应值。研究结果表明:在所研究的频率范围内非弹性衰减Q值和频率f有很好的线性关系,Q(f)9=297.4f^0.558;8个数字地震台中的7个基岩台均没显示出明显的放大作用。1个井下摆台站场地响应在高频部分衰减很快。 相似文献
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根据江苏数字地震台网(包含邻区共享台站)73个数字地震台记录的49次地震事件的波形资料,用Atkinson方法对江苏地区的非弹性衰减Q值进行了计算,得到研究区介质非弹性衰减平均Q值随频率f的关系式为Q(f)=272.1·f~(0.5575),并用Moya方法计算并得到了研究区内63个台站的场地响应。结果表明,江苏境内25个地面基岩台的场地响应为1~20Hz,放大倍数基本在1附近波动,符合基岩台基的特征。14个井下台站场地响应形态相同,表现为低频放大,高频部分迅速衰减。根据Brune模型计算并获得了江苏及邻区2010年10月至2015年3月58个M_L2.5以上地震的震源参数,结果表明,近震震级与地震矩、震源尺度和拐角频率的相关性较好,而与应力降的关系不明显,且应力降与震源尺度的关系也不明显。 相似文献
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采用分布于鄂尔多斯地块及其周缘的32个地震台站记录到的19次地震事件共487条数字化波形记录, 利用遗传算法反演得到了整个鄂尔多斯地块地壳内S波的三段几何扩散参数、S波非弹性衰减Q值随频率变化的关系式、32个台站的场地响应以及19次地震的震源参数. 计算结果表明, 鄂尔多斯地块地壳内S波非弹性衰减在1 Hz处的Q值比地质构造活跃地区的结果要大得多. 32个地震台站的场地响应在高频部分除个别台站外基本没有表现出明显的放大效应,但在低频区间部分台站之间有一定的差异. 19次地震事件的地震矩对数值与震级ML有很好的线性关系. 相似文献
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根据山西数字地震台网14个地震台的310条波形资料,研究了山西地区的非弹性衰减系数;采用Atkinson和Moya方法,研究了各台的场地响应和几种震源参数,并对这两种方法的反演结果进行了对比分析. 得到山西地区非弹性衰减Q值随频率f的关系为Q(f)=323.2f 0.506;得到的14个台站的场地响应均没有显示出明显的放大效应,这与山西台站均处于岩石地基相符;得到了拐角频率与地震矩、地震矩与应力降、震源半径与应力降之间存在依赖关系. 相似文献
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安徽地区地震波衰减、场地响应及震源新参数的测定 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
根据安徽数字地震台网7个地震台的143条波形资料,研究了安徽地区的衰减模型和各台站的场地响应。采用三段几何衰减模型拟合,得到了安徽及邻近地区的几何衰减函数,得到安徽地区非弹性衰减Q值随频率f的关系为Q(f)=235.3×f0.616;7个台站的场地响应均无明显的放大效应,这与它们均处于岩石地基相符;并在本地区地震预测研究中尝试使用新参数,进行了初步的应用。 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
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