陕西柞山地区钠长碳酸角砾岩的成因及形成机制

柞山地区钠长碳酸角砾岩是汉体隐爆角砾岩。岩石化学特征反映钠长碳酸角砾岩不同于沉积碳酸盐岩,而与岩浆碳酸岩基本一致。稳定同位素资料表明,钠长碳酸角砾岩的物质来源既有深源岩浆,也有基底地层。稀土元素特征反映出钠长碳酸角砾岩与岩浆活动有成因联系。在此认识的基础上,结合其地质特征探讨了钠长碳酸角砾岩的形成机制。     

关于我国的盐溶角砾岩

盐溶角砾岩可分为溶解-崩塌角砾岩和塑变-交代角砾岩两种类型。它们的主要鉴定特征是分布的层位稳定、角砾成分单一,而且无例外地均和易溶蒸发盐岩伴生。我国主要成盐期的地层中,均有盐溶角砾岩分布,不过发育的程度和特点略有不同。     

陕西双王金矿床含金角砾岩分类及其找矿意义

在总结分析陕西双王含金角砾岩成因基础上，将其分为构造角砾岩、液压致裂角砾岩和气液陷爆角砾岩三大类，阐述了各类角砾岩的特征、赋存特点和空间关系。讨论了不同角砾岩体的找矿意义。     

论中国的盐溶角砾岩

<正> 岩石学中常把直径大于2mm 的未磨圆的各种岩石碎屑,经胶结组成的碎屑岩总称为角砾岩。角砾岩有多种类型,如压碎角砾岩、火成碎屑角砾岩、撞击或回落角砾岩、假角砾岩、地滑和滑坍角砾岩、构造角砾岩、崩坍(坍落)和溶解角砾岩、塌陷角砾岩等。在众多的角砾岩中,有一种角砾岩是与蒸发岩有关的。这种角砾岩是蒸发岩在地表或近地     

江西会昌红山隐爆角砾岩筒及其成因和动力学

隐爆角砾岩、隐爆角砾岩筒及其成因研究,在国外已有近１００年、国内有近３０年历史。由于不同学者从各自的角度出发,提出的名词术语繁多,观点众说绘纭,同物异名者众,令人费解不说,更不便于交流,为此,该文以江西会昌红山隐爆角砾岩简为例,从隐爆角砾岩、隐爆角砾岩体的概念、分类命名、描述和分布特征,以及隐爆角砾岩筒成因和动力学等加以探讨,以求得共识、推动研究深化化的目的。     

Geochemical soil sampling for deeply-buried mineralized breccia pipes,northwestern Arizona

Thousands of solution-collapse breccia pipes crop out in the canyons and on the plateaus of northwestern Arizona; some host high-grade uranium deposits. The mineralized pipes are enriched in Ag, As, Ba, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, V and Zn. These breccia pipes formed as sedimentary strata collapsed into solution caverns within the underlying Mississippian Redwall Limestone. A typical pipe is approximately 100 m (300 ft) in diameter and extends upward from the Redwall Limestone as much as 1000 m (3000 ft).Unmineralized gypsum and limestone collapses rooted in the Lower Permian Kaibab Limestone or Toroweap Formation also occur throughout this area. Hence, development of geochemical tools that can distinguish these unmineralized collapse structures, as well as unmineralized breccia pipes, from mineralized breccia pipes could significantly reduce drilling costs for these orebodies commonly buried 300–360 m (1000–1200 ft) below the plateau surface.Design and interpretation of soil sampling surveys over breccia pipes are plagued with several complications. (1) The plateau-capping Kaibab Limestone and Moenkopi Formation are made up of diverse lithologies. Thus, because different breccia pipes are capped by different lithologies, each pipe needs to be treated as a separate geochemical survey with its own background samples. (2) Ascertaining true background is difficult because of uncertainties in locations of poorly-exposed collapse cones and ring fracture zones that surround the pipes.Soil geochemical surveys were completed on 50 collapse structures, three of which are known mineralized breccia pipes. Each collapse structure was treated as an independent geochemical survey. Geochemical data from each collapse feature were plotted on single-element geochemical maps and processed by multivariate factor analysis. To contrast the results between geochemical surveys (collapse structures), a means of quantifying the anomalousness of elements at each site was developed. This degree of anomalousness, named the “correlation value”, was used to rank collapse features by their potential to overlie a deeply-buried mineralized breccia pipe.Soil geochemical results from the three mineralized breccia pipes (the only three of the 50 that had previously been drilled) show that: (1) Soils above the SBF pipe contain significant enrichment of Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ga, K, La, Mo, Nd, Ni, Pb, Sc, Th, U and Zn, and depletion in Ca, Mg and Sr, in contrast to soils outside the topographic and structural rim; (2) Soils over the inner treeless zone of the Canyon pipe show Mo and Pb enrichment anf As and Ga depletion, in contrast to soils from the surrounding forest; and (3) The soil survey of the Mohawk Canyon pipe was a failure because of the rocky terrane and lack of a B soil horizon, or because the pipe plunges. At least 11 of the 47 other collapse structures studied contain anomalous soil enrichments similar to the SBF uranium ore-bearing pipe, and thus have good potential as exploration targets for uranium. One of these 11, #1102, does contain surface mineralized rock. These surveys suggest that soil geochemical sampling is a useful tool for the recognition of many collapse structures with underlying ore-bearing breccia pipes.     

马来西亚沙捞越西部Punda金铜矿床构造控矿作用及找矿意义

沙捞越西部Punda金铜矿床为浅成-半浅成角砾岩筒控制的典型高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床.控矿角砾岩筒的分布受线性走滑断裂构造控制,角砾岩筒垂直分带明显.角砾岩筒上段的塌陷角砾岩与矿化关系密切,中段的流化角砾岩、边部的水压角砾岩和下段的爆发角砾岩还未出露.根据角砾岩的垂直分带特点,该角砾岩筒剥蚀较浅,矿床保存条件良好,具有较大的深部找矿潜力.     

Geological characteristics and prospecting predictions of No.50 kimberlite pipe in Wafangdian diamond deposit of Liaoning Province

Taking No.50 kimberlite pipe of Wafangdian diamond deposit in Liaoning Province as an example, the authors systematically analyzed its geological characteristics. Based on the petrogeochemical analysis of porphyry phlogopite kimberlite, breccia porphyry kimberlite with surrounding rocks and kimberlite tuff breccia, it is found that there are less ultrabasic components in carbonated kimberlite tuff breccia and more ultrabasic components in kimberlite tuff breccia mixed with steatitization, serpentinization and carbonation. The content of Cr, Ni and Ti is relatively lower in kimberlite tuff breccia, slightly higher in breccia porphyrg phlogopite kimberlite with surrounding rocks and the highest in porphyry phlogopite kimberlite and porphyry kimberlite. This deposit is mainly composed of breccia porphyry kimberlite with surrounding rocks and porphyry phlogopite kimberlite, followed by kimberlite tuff breccia, breccia porphyry phlogopite kimberlite with surrounding rocks and kimberlite breccia. Chromite bearing pyrope, chromite and moissanite are associated minerals of the diamond deposit. The kimberlite ore-bearing grade is high in the western part and low in the eastern part in the horizontal direction, while the kimberlite ore-bearing grade changes little in the vertical direction. Through the three-dimensional modeling, it is inferred that instead of the root phase, No.50 kimberlite pipe is the fault dislocation caused by the EW nappe structural force with the No.50-1 kimberlite body at the depth of 600 m in the eastern pipe.     

马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造对比研究及其找矿意义

马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造均为典型的浅成—半浅成角砾岩筒构造，角砾岩及控矿类型具有明显的垂向分带特点。邦达控矿角砾岩筒构造发育角砾岩筒上段的塌陷角砾岩，角砾岩筒剥蚀深度较浅，控制典型的高硫化型浅成低温金铜矿床，且其深部具有较大的找矿潜力。什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造发育角砾岩筒下段的爆发角砾岩和中段的流化角砾岩，分别控制斑岩型金矿化和低硫化型浅成低温热液型金矿化，角砾岩筒剥蚀深度较大，对矿床的保存和找矿极为不利。     

辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿床50号岩管地质特征及找矿预测

以辽宁瓦房店金刚石矿床50号岩管为例,系统分析了该矿床的地质特征。通过对斑状富金云母金伯利岩、含围岩角砾斑状金伯利岩和金伯利凝灰角砾岩进行岩石地球化学分析发现: 碳酸盐化金伯利凝灰角砾岩超基性成分较少,滑石化、蛇纹石化及碳酸盐化混合金伯利凝灰角砾岩超基性成分较多; 铬、镍、钛在金伯利凝灰角砾岩中的含量较低,在含围岩角砾斑状金云母金伯利岩中的含量略高,在斑状富金云母金伯利岩和斑状金伯利岩中的含量最高。该矿床主要为含围岩角砾斑状金伯利岩和斑状富金云母金伯利岩,其次为金伯利凝灰角砾岩、含围岩角砾斑状金云母金伯利岩和含金伯利物质角砾岩。含铬镁铝榴石、铬铁矿和碳硅石是金刚石的伴生矿物。水平方向上,金伯利岩含矿品位西部较富,东部较贫; 垂直方向上,金伯利岩含矿品位变化较小。通过三维建模,推测50号岩管不是根部相,而是受EW向推覆构造作用影响发生的断层错位,在其东侧600 m深处存在50-1号金伯利岩体。     

与斑岩型铜矿有关的角砾岩(筒)

斑岩型铜矿床是重要的铜矿类型，在已探明的铜储量中斑岩型铜矿居首位。研究认为，在板块构造的敛合带上，斑岩铜矿发育地区，常见有角砾状地质体和角砾岩筒。这些角砾状地质体和角砾岩筒对矿化与謇集起着重要作用，是斑岩铜矿的重要找矿标志，有时其本身就是铜矿体。本文中从理论与野外工作相结合的角度，总结了与斑岩型铜矿床有关的角砾状地质体和角砾岩筒的类型及地质特征，通过具体实例介绍了与斑岩铜矿有关的角砾岩筒的找矿思路与方法，适宜野外工作的实际应用。     

山东平邑卓家庄金矿构造控矿因素及其意义

平邑卓家庄金矿是一隐爆角砾岩筒型金矿床，矿区内断裂构造发育且具有多期活动的特点，NW向和EW向断裂交汇部位控制了角砾岩筒的产出，等距性分布的次级断裂控制了砾岩筒的等距产出，断裂的交线产状代表了角砾岩筒的产状，是矿体定位预测的重要依据。     

云南易门铜矿成因新见及其找矿意义

长期以来,云南易门铜矿区中的狮山和凤山铜矿床被认为是陆源沉积变质成因。作者在研究中发现狮山矿床的含矿地层中和凤山矿床的角砾岩中均有大量火山物质,说明矿床的形成与火山岩、角砾岩筒有成生关系。研究认为狮山为火山-沉积-变质三元联合的层控矿床,凤山为后生潜火山管道气液再造矿床。文中提出了火山成因的新认识和成矿模式,并据新认识提出了找矿方向。     

山东五莲七宝山式金矿——一个与火山机构岩浆演化有关的金铜矿床

本文在研究七宝山金镇矿床基础上,系统总结了该矿床火山机构的岩浆演化及隐爆角砾岩筒的特征,并由此建立了一种严格受隐爆角砾岩筒控制、且极为富钨的特殊类型的斑岩型金铜矿床成矿模式。     

黑龙江金厂金矿区火山构造及其控矿特征

金厂矿区化类型主要有隐爆角砾岩型、构造蚀变岩型和黄铁矿及多金属硫化物细脉充填型，与其相对应的容矿构造分别为隐爆角砾岩筒，断裂和环状、放射状断裂。其中隐爆角砾岩筒和环状、放射状断裂是印支期花岗岩和燕山中－晚期闪长玢岩岩浆活动时伴生的火山－次火山构造,岩浆期后含矿热液充填其中并发生蚀变交代，形成了隐爆角砾岩型矿体及由黄铁矿－石英脉和多金属硫化物－石英脉充填的环状、放射状矿体。