天山石炭-二叠纪后碰撞花岗质岩石地球化学研究

在对前人研究资料综合的基础上，重点对天山造山带不同构造单元中石炭-二叠纪后碰撞花岗岩地球化学特征进行了对比研究，认为天山石炭-二叠纪后碰撞花岗质岩石属高钾钙碱一钾玄岩系列，以钙碱系花岗质岩石类型为主。其中，发育在裂谷带中的石炭-二叠纪花岗质岩石较发育在古微地块中或其边缘的花岗质岩石富MgO、TiO2、Na2O，贫K2O、Nb、Th，两者具有不同的源区。裂谷带中的花岗质岩石多与火山岩同源，由含不同程度壳源组分的壳幔混合源岩浆形成，而古微地块花岗质岩石主要来自壳源。处于同一类构造位置但不同地区的花岗质岩石化学成分也不相同，如天山西端伊犁地块南缘的托木尔峰花岗质岩石较天山中东段南部的库鲁克塔格花岗质岩石富Fe、Mg、K、Nb、Sr，而贫Zr、Ba，它们均是壳源成因，反映了天山东、西地壳基底组分的不同。石炭-二叠纪裂谷带中的花岗质岩石在天山东、西段也有差别，东段的觉罗塔格和博格达花岗质岩石较天山西段伊犁裂谷中的花岗质岩石明显地富Nb、Th而贫Sr、Ba，反映出东、西天山石炭-二叠世花岗岩源区不同。花岗质岩石的正εNd值并不是来源于与基性、超基性岩浆活动有关的幔源组分，而是来自于幔源火山岩浆活动。     

贵州从江地区花岗质斑岩的地球化学特征

从江地区花岗质斑岩分布于摩花岗岩体的周级,主要有二长花岗斑岩、普通花斑岩、碱长花岗斑岩、混合花岗斑岩４种类型。就岩石化学特征而言,二长花岗斑岩以壳源为主, 幔源成分的壳幔混源成因;普通花岗斑岩属壳源交代成因;而混合花岗斑岩与区内负变质岩的岩石化学成分相似。     

胶东东部中生代中酸性花岗杂岩形成机理

出露在胶东东部地区的中生代中酸性花岗花岩，普遍含有大量的细粒闪长岩类包体，对主体岩石和包体岩石的地质学、岩相学、地球化学以及同位素等方面的综合研究，证实这些主岩是中生代壳幔分层熔融形成的同生壳源岩浆和幔泊岩浆发生混合作用形成混合岩浆，然后通过分离结晶作用形成花岗杂财的不同类型。     

试论辽东地区古元古代壳幔混合杂岩

辽东地区古元古代条痕状花岗质杂岩呈东西向展布于辽东古裂谷带中,侵入辽河群,最高可达大石桥岩组。曾被认为是幔源岩浆结晶分异,或壳源重熔岩浆侵位的产物。岩石化学和地球化学研究表明,杂岩属钙碱性,是以Ｓ型花岗质岩为主的Ｉ型与Ｓ型的混合型花岗岩。杂岩物源主要来源于壳源区火山－沉积岩和壳幔过渡区的玄武岩－沉积岩,是壳幔混合层部分熔融体在伸展机制向挤压机制启动期转化阶段形成的复杂岩石,可称壳幔混合杂岩。     

拆沉作用(delamination)及其壳—幔演化动力学意义

拆沉作用导致下地壳和岩石圈地幔下沉，相应软流圈上涌至壳—幔边界，使下地壳、岩石圈地幔和软流圈三者发生物质交换，引起岩浆作用、山脉隆升、伸展、垮塌，形成坳陷盆地，并最终使大陆地壳向长英质方向演化，产生与其它行星不同的、独一无二的中性安山质或英云闪长质成分。拆沉作用是对经典板块构造理论的重要补充与完善     

伊春地区晚印支期I型花岗岩带特征及其构造背景

晚印支期花岗岩岩石类型主要为一套含角闪石黑云母二长花岗岩及含黑云母正长花岗岩，岩石中暗色闪长质岩包体发育较普遍，富含角闪石及镁质黑云母，副矿物以榍石、磁铁矿、磷灰石常见，Al2O3／（Na2O十K2O＋CaO）〈1．1，显示出I型花岗岩特征。利用岩石矿物组合、岩石化学特征判别其产于碰撞后构造环境，认为造山后伸展体制是这期花岗岩形成的重要原因。岩石（^87 Sr／^86 Sr）；及δEu值反映其源区为壳幔过渡区，氧同位素（δ^18 O）测定值在5．5‰-10‰之间，具壳幔混源的特点，表明岩石来源于下地壳或壳幔过渡部分，与下地壳的部分熔融或壳幔过渡区部分熔融作用有关。     

拉萨地块超钾质岩Mg-Ca同位素特征及其意义

<正>自印度板块与亚欧板块发生碰撞后,晚渐新世至中新世时期位于青藏高原南部的拉萨地块爆发了一次岩浆活动,并广泛发育了一系列超钾质岩。目前超钾质岩来源于富集岩石圈地幔的观点已被广泛接受,但对富集岩石圈地幔源区的形成机制尚存在不同的认识,这种认识的差别主要集中在富集岩石圈地幔是由洋壳物质或是陆壳物质与岩石圈地幔发生交代形成。Mg、Ca同位素在地幔、洋壳物质及陆壳物质这三种储库中均能表现出不同特征,且两种同位素体系之间存在耦合关系;我们选用Mg、Ca同位素来对超钾质岩     

岩浆混合作用与火成岩多样性的耦合关系:以东昆仑造山带白日其利长英质岩体为例

壳-幔岩浆相互作用如何影响长英质火成岩的岩石学多样性是当前岩石学研究的焦点问题之一.以岩石类型丰富的东昆仑白日其利长英质岩体和暗色微粒包体为研究对象,开展系统的锆石U-Pb年代学、矿物学、全岩元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究,探讨和解析这一重要科学问题.LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,暗色微粒包体（247.8±2.0 Ma）与二长花岗岩（247.5±1.4 Ma）、花岗闪长岩（248.8±2.1 Ma）和石英闪长岩（248.8±1.5 Ma）均侵位结晶于早三叠世.岩相学和矿物学研究表明,白日其利长英质岩石与包体的成因机制与壳-幔岩浆的机械或化学混合作用密切相关.元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成研究揭示,幔源镁铁质岩浆端元起源于受俯冲板片流体交代的富集地幔熔融,而壳源长英质岩浆端元则起源于东昆仑古老的变质杂砂岩基底.岩石成因分析揭示,幔源镁铁质岩浆侵入长英质晶粥岩浆房,促使长英质晶粥发生活化,随后壳-幔岩浆端元以不同比例和不同方式发生机械和化学混合等相互作用,从而形成镁铁质岩墙、包体、石英闪长岩和花岗闪长岩等多种岩石类型.晶粥状态下壳-幔岩浆相互作用是控制东昆仑长英质火成岩多样性和大陆地壳生长演化的重要方式.      

华北地区三类岩石圈的壳幔岩石学结构与化学结构及其大陆动力学意义

根据地质和地球物理特征表现出的岩石圈不连续，华北地区可区分出鄂尔多斯克拉通型、燕山-太行造山带型和华北平原裂谷型三类岩石圈。依据岩石学方法、壳幔演化模型、造山带形成过程以及地震波速与岩石化学成分之间的关系，建立了华北地区三类型岩石圈的壳幔岩石学结构和化学结构，讨论了不同岩石圈类型的壳幔物质结构、地壳和岩石圈地幔厚度的地质含义、岩石圈不连续在划分岩石圈单元中的作用及不同类型岩石圈形成的大陆动力学意义。     

大兴安岭北端阿乌尼地区中生代杂岩体的岩浆混合作用

通过外野地质特征、岩相学、岩石地球化学等方面的研究，从不同的角度论证了大兴安岭阿乌尼地区出露的岩浆杂岩体在成因上具有岩浆混合作用的特点。同位素上具低的Sr初始比值和正的εNd（t）值，明显具有幔源特点，而微量元素相对富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素又具有壳源特征，表明阿乌尼地区的岩浆岩可能是壳幔相互作用的产物。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with