间歇侧移式的裂陷与递进跳跃式的反转：

位于闾山背斜隆起核部西侧的阜新断陷盆地从早白垩世义县组晚期开始，在东西两侧盆 的Ｆ１、Ｆ２断层所、围限的地堑内接受了义县组上部中性火山岩的堆积。火山喷发停止后，九佛堂组的大陆碎屑冉建造仍在Ｆ１和Ｆ２断层之间的地堑内充填。九佛堂裂陷期之后该区地壳掀斜隆升，盆地南侧的义县地区开始反转抬升而不再接受沉积，西缘的Ｆ２断层也停止活动，到沙海组充填时盆地已演化为受Ｆ１断层控制的、东断西超的半地堑佃地；沙海期裂     

辽西地区白垩纪张老公屯组火山岩的层位及时代

辽西地区白垩系义县组之上存在一期火山喷发活动已得到大多数学者的认可,但其所属层位仍有争议,主要有4种意见：位于孙家湾组之上;位于孙家湾组与阜新组之间;位于九佛堂组与阜新组之间,与沙海组层位相当;位于沙海组与九佛堂组之间.根据野外出露情况、区域分布特征及同位素年代资料等,认为该期火山岩位于孙家湾组之下,覆盖于义县组、九佛堂组、沙海组、阜新组等不同层位上,同位素年龄为97~106 Ma,属早白垩世晚期.     

二连盆地早白垩世断陷分布及其与基底构造的关系

二连盆地下白垩统充填在一系列NE-NNE向正断层控制的(复式)地堑、半地堑断陷中,具有陆内裂陷盆地特征。盆地内部的早白垩世断陷以不同方式连接在一起构成3个不同走向的裂陷带(马尼特—乌兰察布正向裂陷带、乌尼特—乌兰察布斜向裂陷带和川井—腾格尔斜向裂陷带),裂陷带周边隆起区也有零星的地堑、半地堑断陷分布。二连盆地的基底经历了加里东期、海西期、印支期和早燕山期多期构造演化,表现为褶皱与基底断裂构成的强变形带和岩浆岩体、微小陆块等弱变形域镶嵌排列、构造线方向多变的不均一特点。二连盆地早白垩世断陷的构造样式和空间分布与基底构造密切相关,基底强变形带发育大量的断陷构成裂陷带,基底弱变形区只发育有零星的断陷。受基底强变形带走向的影响,不同裂陷带的断陷组合形式表现出差异性。马尼特—乌兰察布裂陷带上叠在走向由NE向转为NEE向、向南凸出的东乌珠穆沁—二连弧形褶皱带上,早白垩世断陷多表现为串联、小角度斜列复合型式,属于正向裂陷带;乌尼特裂陷带上叠在NEE向的二连—贺根山深大断裂带(混杂岩带)之上,川井—腾格尔裂陷带上叠在近EW向的温都尔庙—西拉木伦深大断裂带(缝合带)及两侧褶皱带上,裂陷带内部的早白垩世断陷多表现为并联、中—大角度斜列复合型式,属于斜向裂陷带。正向裂陷带内部的早白垩世断陷多为深而狭长的地堑、半地堑,斜向裂陷带内部的早白垩世断陷多为浅而宽阔的地堑、半地堑。上述特征表明二连盆地早白垩世裂陷的分布及其构造样式受基底构造控制。     

南海北部新生代盆地断裂系统及构造动力学影响因素

利用地震资料、油气勘探资料分析了南海北部大陆边缘珠江口-琼东南新生代盆地断裂系统的时空差异及动力学成因机制.珠江口-琼东南盆地古近系裂陷构造层以NE向、近EW向基底正断层构成的伸展断裂系统的几何学、运动学沿着盆地走向有明显变化,盆地内部隐伏的区域性和局部的NW向断裂及相关构造变形带构成伸展断裂系统之间的构造变换带.在空间上,区域性的云开、松涛-松南等NW向构造变换带以西为NE-NEE向正断层构成的"非拆离"伸展断层系,以东为NE向正断层、近EW向正断层(走滑正断层)复合而成的拆离伸展断层系.在时间上,古近纪裂陷作用可划分为早(文昌组沉积期)、中(恩平组/崖城组沉积期)、晚(珠海组/陵水组沉积期)3个有明显差异的裂陷期.裂陷早期,盆地西部以平面式正断层控制的简单地堑、半地堑为主,伸展量相对较小,东部则以铲式正断层控制的复式地堑、半地堑为主,伸展量相对大,断层向深部收敛在中地壳韧性层构成拆离的伸展断层系统.裂陷中期,琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地西部断裂具有继承性活动特点,珠江口盆地东部发育NWW-EW向伸展断层,并向深层切割早期浅层拆离断层,形成深层拆离伸展断层系统,而沿着云开构造变换带发育反转构造.裂陷晚期,琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地西部断裂具有活动性减弱特点,琼东南盆地东部发育NWW-EW向伸展断层,形成深层拆离伸展断层系统,而沿着琼中央构造变换带发育反转、走滑构造.珠江口-琼东南盆地不同区段断裂系统及其构造演化的差异性受盆地基底先存构造、地壳及岩石圈结构及伸展量等多方面因素的影响,拆离伸展断层系统与发育NWW向"贯穿"断裂的基底构造薄弱带、现今地壳局部减薄带相关,南海扩展由东而西的迁移诱导北部大陆边缘块体沿着先存NW向深大断裂发生走滑旋转是导致变换构造带两侧差异伸展的动力学原因,应力场及岩石圈热结构变化是引起拆离断层深度变化的重要因素.     

开鲁盆地晚中生代地层

根据２００余口钻井资料，运用了生物地层学、岩石地层学、磁性地层学等方法，建立了开鲁盆地晚中生代地层层序及其与邻区地层的对比关系。早白垩世为盆地断陷期，发育了含热河生物群地层，包括义县组、九佛堂组、沙海组、阜新组；中晚白垩世为盆地坳陷期，发育含松花江生物群与明水生物群地层，包括泉头组—青山口组、姚家组、嫩江组、四方台组、明水组。     

丽水-椒江凹陷断裂构造运动学

丽水-椒江凹陷是晚白垩世以来发展起来的大陆边缘裂陷盆地.本文利用平衡剖面技术恢复计算了丽水-椒江凹陷不同构造部位各裂陷伸展期的盆地伸展量、伸展系数和伸展率.研究表明:研究区晚白垩世至古新世裂陷作用具有"幕式"渐进发展的特征,可划分为三个裂陷伸展期:早期(晚白垩世)的断陷主要由相对分散、独立的小断陷组成,控制半地堑凹陷的主断层主要以书斜式(domino-style)为主;中、晚期(古新世)的断陷由相互连通的半地堑凹陷组成,其主干断层以犁状(listric)或坡坪状(ramp-flat)正断层为特征.研究区不同构造部位其水平伸展率不同,表现为水平伸展量由南西向北东由大变小的特征,最大伸展期亦表现为由南西向北东变晚的规律.     

Termit盆地构造变形的力学机制

Termit盆地是中西非裂谷系中典型的中-新生代裂谷盆地,形成于早白垩世大西洋张裂的构造背景下。在白垩纪至古近纪经历了"裂谷-坳陷-裂谷"的构造演化过程,且两期裂陷作用形成的断裂走向不同。依据Termit盆地的基础构造特征,运用弹性有限元数值模拟方法,从动力学角度讨论盆地构造演化模式,为盆地的构造演化研究提供动力学依据。模拟结果表明,在早白垩世,盆地受区域NE-SW向拉张作用,在盆地西部边界发育一系列NW-SE向早白垩世早期断层。在古近纪,盆地受近EW向拉张作用,在盆地西部受早期断层影响较大的Dinga断阶带和Yogou西斜坡地区,局部应力场使断层发育走向为NW-SE;受其影响较小的Araga地堑发育张扭性断层,沿早白垩世断层呈雁行排列;不受其影响的Fana低凸起和Moul凹陷发育NNW-SSE向断层。     

断陷盆地多层次幕式裂陷作用与沉积充填响应——以南堡老第三纪断陷盆地为例

应用盆地充填记录、盆地构造格架、盆地沉降史及岩浆活动史等信息，论证了南堡老第三纪断陷盆地存在大尺度（裂陷期）、中尺度（裂陷幕）及小尺度（幕式盆缘正断事件）三个级别的构造作用。多级别幕式裂陷作用控制了盆地内部的沉积充填，其中一级沉积旋回、二级沉积旋回和三级沉积旋回分别对应于裂陷期、裂陷幕和幕式盆缘正断事件。构造与沉积的良好响应为进行层序地层单元划分奠定了基础，构造层序、亚构造层序及层序分别对应于裂陷期、裂陷幕和幕式盆缘正断事件控制下的沉积充填实体。     

渤海湾地区的中生代盆地构造概论

根据 1∶5 0万渤海湾新生代盆地区基岩地质图揭示的残留中生代地层的分布及构造变形特征 ,渤海湾地区的中生代盆地可以分为 5期。早—中三叠世、晚三叠世盆地为克拉通内部大型坳陷盆地 ,其中晚三叠世盆地仅分布在渤海湾西南部地区。早—中侏罗世盆地分布于印支运动形成的向斜坳陷核部 ,属于压陷挠曲型盆地。晚侏罗世—早白垩世盆地分布广泛 ,属于裂陷盆地 ;晚白垩世盆地属于后裂陷阶段的坳陷盆地。这些盆地受印支运动、燕山运动影响而发生反转。印支运动在渤海湾地区的东、西部的表现有明显差异。西部变形弱、以近EW向宽缓褶皱变形为主 ,东部变形强、并叠加了NE向褶皱和逆冲断层变形。早燕山运动使渤海湾地区形成宽缓的大型NE向褶皱变形 ,并使早—中侏罗世盆地发生反转和逆冲断层变形 ;中、晚燕山运动基本没有在渤海湾地区形成褶皱构造变形 ,而是表现为晚侏罗—早白垩世盆地和晚白垩世盆地的区域性反转隆升。下—中侏罗统沉积之后 ,渤海湾地区的构造格局发生基本变革 ,进入以裂陷盆地为主的构造演化时期。     

台湾海峡地质构造特征及演化

台湾海峡是中国东部大陆边缘裂陷的一部分，在构造上划分为两盆一隆，即台湾海盆地、台西南盆和澎湖－北港隆起。盆地的结构以半地堑式断陷为特征。盆地内的白垩系－新生代沉积最厚愈万米。台湾海峡裂陷的形成和发展，既受东海和南海盆地的影响，也与中央山脉碰撞造山带密切相关。在多重机制影响下，海峡地区在新生代演化中，经历了多中心断密切相关。在多重机制影响下，海峡地区在新生代演化中，经历了多中心断陷－坳断－前陆盆地三     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)