菊花石生长几何模型

通过与ＤＬＡ模型类比,建立起一个菊花石生长几何模型,分析了菊花石生长过程中的“间距分叉”现象及花瓣间距Ｈ的演变规律及速率,并对比分析了菊花石实际形貌与生长模型形态的异同和原因。     

菊花石中纳米矿物的微观组织研究

采用扫描电镜、透射电镜和能谱分析研究了浏阳产菊花石的微观组织,发现浏阳菊花石的花瓣保留了原生矿物——天青石SrSO₄及其单晶体的外形,但是花瓣内部出现了硅化现象;菊花石中存在多种纳米矿物材料,例如非晶纳米硅氧线、颗粒状纳米CaCO₃和SrSO₄、CaCO₃的二维纳米片和纳米带等。某些非晶纳米硅氧线外包覆了纳米晶化层,镁含量越高,非晶纳米线越容易晶化。     

菊花石及其他两种放射状形貌对比研究

通过天青石菊花石形貌与红柱石菊花石钟乳石截面放射状形貌的对比,找出它们形成的共同规律,并从形貌细节差异上分析了其形成机制和条件的差别。     

广西来宾菊花石的矿物学研究①

通过对广西来宾菊花石的野外工作及其形貌观察、电子探针成分分析、偏光显微镜鉴定,阐明了菊花石(chrysanthemum stone)的分布和形貌特征及其 后生变化规律,认为菊花石主要由天青石、方解石和玉髓三种矿物组成。天青石(SrSO     

广西来宾菊花石的矿物学研究

通过对广西来宾菊花石的野外工作及其形貌观察、电子探针成分分析、偏光显微镜鉴定,阐明了菊花石的分布和形貌特征及其后生变化规律,认为菊花石主要是由天青石、方解石和玉髓三种矿物组成。天青石为原生矿物,后经碳酸盐化,继而硅化形成方解石和玉髓。     

华南地区栖霞组菊花状天青石的交代及其地质意义

本文在收集大量菊花石标本的基础上，通过岩石薄片镜下鉴定及X射线衍射分析，识别了华南地区栖霞组菊花石假象内矿物的成因类型，建立了矿物交代序列，并通过对菊花石假象内各种矿物成分的电子探针分析和对交代方解石，脉方解石及其围岩的氧，碳同位素分析，探讨了菊花石交代过程中的成岩环境,合理地解释了菊花石内正延性玉髓和栖霞组内海泡石的成因。     

菊花石生长模型的分形特点及其物理意义

对所建立的菊花石生长模型进行了详细的数理分析．菊花石生长模型具分形特点,其豪斯道夫维数为：１＜Ｄ＜１＋ｌｎ２／ｌｎ（２β）（β≥１）,说明菊花石形态不同于一维柱体（虽然它是由柱体放射状集合而成）,也不同于三维球体（虽然它是一个似球状的花体）;Ｄ同时还蕴含着结晶行为上的物理意义,即Ｄ＝１时无分叉成核行为,Ｄ＞１时有分叉成核行为,且Ｄ越大分叉成核越多;无核生长比有核生长的Ｄ大等等．本模型的Ｄ在１～１＋ｌｎ２／ｌｎ（２β）（β≥１）之间的多变性可与多重分形类比,且可与扩散限制聚集（ＤＬＡ）模型周界点集的多分维特点类比．     

华南地区栖霞组“菊花石”假象与海泡石矿成因关系探讨

根据对华南地区二叠系栖霞组内菊花石假象的成因研究,结合对该组内燧石结核,菊花石内正延性玉髓和海泡石形成时代关系的现状关系的观察,认为华南地区栖霞组内的海泡石形成于早期成岩作用过程中,与该组内燧石结核和菊花石假象内的正延性玉髓同期形成,其成因既与高盐度的沉积环境或高盐度的成岩环境条件无关,也与热液活动无关。     

华南栖霞组菊花石假象内正延性玉髓的成因及其地质意义

正延性玉髓常被视为干旱蒸发沉积环境的标志。正延性玉髓亦广泛分布于华南地区栖霞组菊花石 (目前绝大多数为天青石假象 )内。本文在天青石后期矿物交代序列识别的基础上,通过对菊花石内各期次碳酸盐交代矿物的电子探针分析,发现菊花石内正延性玉髓形成于富含硫酸根离子和镁离子的成岩介质条件中。结合已有的正延性玉髓研究报道和栖霞组的沉积、成岩作用环境特征分析,认为华南地区栖霞组菊花石内正延性玉髓的形成环境与高蒸发沉积环境或高盐度成岩环境无关。因此,仅根据正延性玉髓的出现不足以确定沉积或成岩环境的盐度条件。     

铸石中辉石枝晶生长与形貌研究

本文介绍了铸石的性能和应用,以及铸石制品的生产过程。对样品进行了各方面测试分析。铸石中辉石枝晶具有奇特的分枝形貌。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察,较详细地分析了辉石枝晶的形貌细节。辉石枝晶一般发育三级分枝,各分枝间彼此以９０°和１１０°交角沿单斜辉石类型的结晶轴方位生长。岩浆熔体的性质和生产工艺深刻影响着辉石枝晶生长演变。     

庐山菊花石及其形成条件和价格评定

庐山菊花石是一种天然观赏石,它的切面形似菊花,花形优美,蕴意深刻。它的形成与保存具特定的地质建造及构造条件,因此罕见珍贵,作者探讨了它的价格评定原则。     

陕西省观赏石资源的分类

陕西省观赏石资源分为单矿物玉石类、岩石玉类、卵石与水冲石及古生物化石四大类。著名的观赏石有水晶、萤石、绿松石、五彩石、芙蓉石、商洛翠玉、粉翠、菊花石、蓝田玉、洛南翠、黄陵石、磬玉石、墨玉、汉江石、秦岭石、泾河石、洛河源头石、陕西省黄河石、嘉陵江石及古生物化石等。     

浏阳式菊花石的特征及其地质找矿意义

菊花石是天青石矿物在岩石中呈三度空间发育的放射状集合体。白色或微带黄色色调,半透明,因状如菊花故得名。湖南浏阳是盛产此珍贵石雕工艺品原料之地,故名浏阳式菊花石浏阳菊花石已有一百多年的开采历史,在1915年巴拿马国际博览会上荣获金奖。但在矿物学上的进一步认识,以及在地质学上把它作为一种找矿标志来加以重视,却是近几年的事。它赋存于华南二叠纪碳酸盐岩中,与世界上稀缺的海泡石粘土同属一个层位,密切共生,因而成为华南寻找海泡石的一个重要宏观标志。其分布如图1所示。     

Response of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced bed resting on soft soil with stone columns

In the present study, a mechanical model has been developed to study the behavior of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill over stone column-reinforced soft soil. The granular fill and geosynthetic reinforcement layers have been idealized by Pasternak shear layer and rough elastic membranes, respectively. The Kelvin–Voight model has been used to represent the time-dependent behavior of saturated soft soil. The stone columns are idealized by stiffer springs and assumed to be linearly elastic. The nonlinear behavior of the soft soil and granular fill is considered. The effect of consolidation of soft soil due to inclusion of the stone columns on settlement response has also been included in the model. Plane strain conditions are considered for the loading and reinforced foundation soil system. An iterative finite difference scheme is applied for obtaining the solution and results are presented in nondimensional form. It has been observed that if the soft soil is improved with stone columns, the multilayer reinforcement system is less effective as compared to single layer reinforcement to reduce the total settlement as there is considerable reduction in the total settlement due to stone column itself. Multilayer reinforcement system is effective for reducing the total settlement when stone columns are not used. However, multilayer reinforcement system is effective to transfer the stress from soil to stone column. The differential settlement is also slightly reduced due to application of multiple geosynthetic layers as compared to the single layer reinforcement system.     

Modeling of granular bed‐stone column‐improved soft soil

The present study pertains to the development of a mechanical model for predicting the behavior of granular bed‐stone column‐reinforced soft ground. The granular layer that has been placed over the stone column‐reinforced soft soil has been idealized by the Pasternak shear layer. The saturated soft soil has been idealized by the Kelvin–Voigt model to represent its time‐dependent behavior and the stone columns are idealized by stiffer Winkler springs. The nonlinear behavior of the granular fill has been incorporated in this study by assuming a hyperbolic variation of shear stress with shear strain as in one reported literature. Similarly, for soft soil it has also been assumed that load‐settlement variation is hyperbolic in nature. The effect of consolidation of the soft soil due to inclusion of the stone columns has also been included in the model. Plane‐strain conditions are considered for the loading and foundation soil system. The numerical solutions are obtained by a finite difference scheme and the results are presented in a non‐dimensional form. Parametric studies for a uniformly loaded strip footing have been carried out to show the effects of various parameters on the total as well as differential settlement and stress concentration ratio. It has been observed that the presence of granular bed on the top of the stone columns helps to transfer stress from soil to stone columns and reduces maximum as well as differential settlement. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

华南地区栖霞组沉积地球化学特征研究

利用多元统计分析方法对广西来宾铁桥剖面栖霞组层纹灰岩和江西慈化洪桥剖面栖霞组粒泥灰岩的岩石地球化学特征进行了分析;对广西来宾铁桥剖面栖霞组的灰岩样品40件及该剖面中产出的菊花石样品8件、江西慈化洪桥剖面的粒泥灰岩样品8件、浏阳永和剖面的灰岩样品10件及该区产出的菊花石样品3件进行了黄铁矿矿化程度(DOP值)的测定分析,分析结果表明华南地区的DOP值多数大于0.42;结合岩石微量元素比值特征的分析,表明华南地区栖霞组灰岩形成于缺氧的沉积环境.DOP值的变化趋势为:浏阳>来宾＞慈化,表明华南地区3个剖面的沉积环境含氧量的关系为:浏阳<来宾<慈化.DOP值在3个剖面上的周期性变化与剖面中的沉积旋回相对应,亦表明沉积环境的含氧量呈周期性变化.     

贞丰竹林堡石林景观特征及其美学价值探讨

在实地调研收集资料的基础上, 论述了贞丰竹林堡石林的地质背景、成景条件以及景观特征, 并对其美学价值进行了探讨。竹林堡石林位于早三叠世奥伦期相变带上, 是贵州三叠纪喀斯特石林的重要代表, 具有表观形态美、空间结构美、景观组合美等美学特征, 新发现的"新双乳峰"物质组成与原双乳峰同为安顺组白云岩, 是竹林堡石林不可分割的有机整体。      

贵州喀斯特石林发育演化特征

贵州喀斯特石林发育分布广泛,其中面积较大且具有旅游开发价值的石林主要有贞丰竹林堡、兴义泥凼、思南长坝等七片。本文通过实地考察及采样分析研究,划分了石林的形态及成生类型,并从第四纪地质环境变化的角度对石林发育演化的地质、气候及水文环境进行了分析论证。喀斯特石林作为一种时空四维体,从形成之日起就处于不断变化的动态平衡之中,根据现有溶蚀速率推算,贵州石林形成的年代下限一般不早于中更新世中期。