Discussion on origin of clay minerals in outcropped sandstone from Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in Jixi Basin

Clay minerals in the outcropped sandstone from Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in Jixi Basin were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results show that the clay minerals mainly consist of illite, kaollinite and illite/smectite, which can be divided into two types: kaolinite- and illite/smectite types. The outcropped sandstone occurred in middle diagenetic stage-A on the basis of the clay mineral composition. The development factor of the formation of kaolinite type clay mineral is caused mainly by the organic acid from the coal-bearing formation and mudstone during the diagenesis process in Lower Cretaceous Chengzihe Formation and Muling Formation in the Jixi Basin. The weak hydrodynamic force of sedimentary facies made the sandstone leaching condition poor, which is the reason forming the aggregation of clay minerals of the illite/smectite-and illite types.     

塔中地区顺9井区柯坪塔格组黏土膜成因及其油气地质意义

为寻觅致密砂岩储层中发育的优质储层提供理论依据,分析铸体薄片鉴定、扫描电镜资料、结合压汞及物性资料.结果表明:塔里木盆地塔中顺9井区志留系柯坪塔格组沥青砂岩中发育的黏土矿物薄膜形成于成岩早期(同生成岩期),以自生式为主,含少量原生式黏土膜;黏土膜的发育与分布受到沉积作用、成岩环境及成岩温压系统的共同控制,早成岩期(同生期)发育的黏土膜在中—低压实强度下对储层的孔隙保护具有一定的建设性作用,因其占据一定的孔喉空间,又降低储层的渗透率,随着埋深增大,黏土膜矿物成分也逐渐向伊利石转化并分布在孔隙中,伊利石赋存状态也由蜂窝状变为毛发状、丝网状及搭桥状,分割甚至堵塞孔隙,使得储层砂体渗透率大幅度降低;沉积环境中的沉积微相对黏土膜发育与分布的控制体现在中—下临滨微相中黏土膜较为常见,而在上临滨—前临滨微相中,因水体的淘洗降低储层砂体中的泥质含量,黏土膜不发育,储层砂体中的黏土膜含量制约储层质量,发育黏土膜的井段储层孔隙度大于不发育黏土膜的井段,黏土膜含量在0.5%～5.0%井段的储层孔隙度要好于黏土膜含量超过5.0%井段的.     

The Sources and Transport Patterns of Modern Sediments in Hangzhou Bay: Evidence from Clay Minerals

Clay mineral compositions of 199 offshore surface sediment samples collected from the Hangzhou Bay have been analyzed. The clay minerals in the sediments from the Hangzhou Bay are dominated by illite(58.7%, on average), followed by chlorite(20.3%), kaolinite(16.9%) and smectite(4.1%). Two provinces were classified by Q-mode cluster analysis. Class Ⅰ with relatively low amounts of illite and smectite is widely distributed in the Hangzhou Bay, especially concentrated in the top and mouth of the bay, and the northern and southern nearshore areas. Class Ⅱ with comparatively high amounts of illite and smectite is mainly concentrated in the central part of the bay with the water depth of 8–10 m. By comparing clay mineral compositions with the neighbouring regions, we can find that the sediments in the Hangzhou Bay are mainly influenced by the resuspension and repeated deposition of particles from the Yangtze River due to the strong dynamic environment. In particular, the clay fraction of Class Ⅰ is mainly supplied by the Yangtze River, while the sediments of Class Ⅱ are mixture of the clay minerals carried by the Yangtze River and Qiantang River. In general, the distributions of clay minerals in the northern bay are affected by Yangtze River runoff, coastal current and flood tide together, and in the southern they are mainly affected by the Qiantang River runoff and ebb tide.     

火山碎屑岩储层特征及敏感性——以塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷为例

为了研究火山碎屑岩的储层特征及储层敏感性机理,以塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷铜钵庙组)南屯组火山碎屑岩为对象,运用普通薄片、铸体薄片和扫描电镜等技术,结合储层敏感性实验资料,根据《储层敏感性流动实验评价方法》(SY/T5358-2002),分析火山碎屑岩储层特征及其水敏、盐敏、速敏、碱敏、酸敏的特征和形成机理.结果表明:岩石类型包括凝灰岩、沉凝灰岩和凝灰质砂(砾)岩,主要敏感性黏土矿物有蒙脱石、伊利石、高岭石、绿泥石和伊/蒙混层,属于中低孔特低渗型储层;水敏性强弱与岩石类型关系密切,凝灰质砂(砾)岩水敏为中等偏强)强,凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩水敏为中等偏弱)中等偏强;盐敏程度绝大多数为中等偏强,临界盐度为5.126g/L;速敏为中等偏弱)弱速敏;碱敏为中等偏弱)中等偏强碱敏,临界碱度为7.43;酸敏程度范围较广;水敏程度与黏土矿物总量呈正相关;酸敏程度主要受绿泥石含量影响,酸敏指数与绿泥石含量呈正相关.该研究可为火山碎屑岩油气勘探提供借鉴.     

Features of clay minerals in the YSDP102 core on the continental shelf of the southeast Yellow Sea

Ninety-eight clay mineral samples from the YSDP102 core were analyzed by x-ray diffractometer to study the four clay minerals: illite, chlorite, kaolinite and smectite. Twenty-eight samples had been analyzed on the laser particle-siz eanalyzer to reveal the particle features of the sediments. Distribution of the clay minerals and the particle characteristics in the YSDP102 core show that the core experienced three different depositional periods and formed three different sedimentary intervals due to different sediment sources and different depositional environments. Features of the clay minerals and the heavy minerals in the YSDP102 core indicate that coarse-grained sediments and fine-grained sediments result from different sources. The Yellow Sea Warm Current has greatly influenced the sedimentary framework of this region since the current‘s formation.     

松辽盆地龙西地区泉四段砂岩成岩序列及孔隙演化特征

通过岩芯观察、镜下薄片、扫描电镜和X衍射分析等资料,对松辽盆地龙西地区泉四段砂岩的岩石学特征、成岩作用类型、成岩阶段划分和成岩共生序列及孔隙演化特征进行了研究。结果表明:龙西地区泉四段主要为长石质岩屑砂岩,局部为岩屑质长石砂岩;经历的主要成岩作用类型有压实作用、自生石英胶结作用、自生黏土矿物胶结作用、碳酸盐胶结作用、交代和溶蚀作用等;龙西地区泉四段砂岩为中成岩阶段A期,且细分为A1和A2亚期;随着成岩演化,压实和胶结作用使得原生孔隙减小,而溶蚀作用使得储层孔隙结构得到改善;孔隙类型由缩小粒间孔组成变为由缩小粒间孔和溶蚀粒间孔组合组成。     

Weathering and soils formation on different parent materials in Golestan Province,Northern Iran

Geochemical, mineralogical, and micromorphological characteristics of soils and their relevant parent rocks including loess, ignimbrite, sandstone and limestone were investigated to identify the soil-parent material uniformity and the weathering degree of soils in Golestan Province, northern Iran. Highly developed Calcixerolls and moderately developed Haploxerepts were formed on loess and limestone, respectively. In contrast, the soils formed on ignimbrite and sandstone were non-developed Entisols. Illite was the dominant clay mineral found in ignimbrite and sandstone in both the A horizon and parent material. In loess derived soils however, smectite was dominant especially in the Bt horizon compared to its parent material indicating partly to its pedogenic formation. In limestone, illite and vermiculite were dominant both in the A and C horizons. Ti/Zr ratio proved that the studied soils were closely related to their underlying parent materials geochemically. Chemical index of alteration (CIA), micromorphological index of soil development (MISECA), smectite/illite+chlorite ratio and magnetic susceptibility were applied to investigate the degree of soil development. Results showed that the most and the least developed soils were those formed on loess deposits and limestone, respectively. Application of the different geochemical and pedogenetic approaches was proved to be useful in identifying the relevance of soils to their underlying parent materials and also their degree of development.     

湘中涟源凹陷下石炭统天鹅坪组页岩气成藏条件及主控因素

下石炭统天鹅坪组页岩是湘中地区页岩气勘探的新层系。基于野外地质调查、页岩气钻井的样品采集和分析测试等对湘中涟源凹陷石炭系天鹅坪组泥页岩的发育特征、有机地球化学特征、储层特征和含气性等页岩气成藏地质条件进行了分析。结果表明:涟源凹陷石炭系天鹅坪组有机质丰度较高,w（TOC）分布在0.78%~2.84%之间,有机质类型以Ⅱ₁型为主,有机质成熟度R_o分布在1.48%~2.09%之间,处于高成熟演化阶段;泥页岩矿物成分以石英和黏土矿物为主,黏土矿物主要由伊蒙混层、伊利石和绿泥石组成;泥页岩有机质孔较发育,孔隙度平均为1.97%,渗透率平均为0.847×10-3 μm2,但大多小于0.1×10-3 μm2;湘新地4井天鹅坪组泥页岩含气量分布在1.64~4.29 m3/t,平均2.69 m3/t（不含残余气）。结合区域构造-沉积演化背景的分析表明,涟源凹陷下石炭统天鹅坪组页岩气成藏条件的主控因素为沉积环境、构造保存条件,其中深水陆棚相是页岩气有利相带,复杂构造背景下由对冲式构造样式形成的向斜对页岩气保存条件最为有利,是研究区页岩气勘探的"甜点区"。研究成果可以为该区后续油气勘探提供参考。      

Assemblage characteristics of clay minerals and its implications to evolution of eolian dust input to the Parece Vela Basin since 1.95 Ma

To understand the provenance and evolution of eolian input in the last 1.95 Ma in the Parece Vela Basin in the eastern Philippine Sea, the clay mineral assemblage of a gravity core PV090510 from the basin was investigated using paleogeomagnetic dating and X-ray diffraction. The assemblage of the core mainly consisted of smectite （-46%） and illite （-40%）, with some chlorite （-10%） and kaolinite （-4%）. Analysis of the provenance of these minerals suggested that smectite was mainly derived from volcanic rocks of the Mariana Arc, while illite, chlorite, and kaolinite were mainly transported as eolian dust by the East Asian monsoon from central Asia. We used the ratio of （illite＋chlorite＋kaolinite）/smectite as a proxy for Asian eolian input to the Parece Vela Basin since 1.95 Ma. This ratio followed glacial and interglacial cycles and was consistent with the intensity of the East Asian monsoon and aridity of central Asia since 1.95 Ma. The changes of the ratio reflected three different stages of the East Asian monsoon and provenance climate.     

Clay mineral distribution in surface sediments of the South China Sea and its significance for in sediment sources and transport

Clay minerals of surface sediments in the South China Sea (SCS) are analyzed with X-ray diffraction, and their transport is explored with a grain size trend analysis (GSTA) model. Results show that clay mineral types in various sedimentary environments have different sediment sources and transport routes. Sediments in the northern SCS (north of 20°N) between the southwest of Taiwan Island and the outer mouth of the Pearl River have high contents of illite and chlorite, which are derived mainly from sediments on Taiwan Island and/or the Yangtze River. Sediments from the Pearl River are characterized by high kaolinite and low smectite content, and most are distributed in the area between the mouth of the Pearl River and northeast of Hainan Island and transported vertically from the continental shelf to the slope. Characterized by high illite content, sediments from Kalimantan Island are transported toward the Nansha Trough. Sediments from Luzon Island are related with volcanic materials, and are transported westwards according to smectite distribution. On the Sunda Shelf, sediments from the Mekong River are transported southeast in the north while sediments from the Indonesian islands are transported northward in the south. Ascertaining surface sediment sources and their transport routes will not only improve understanding of modern transportation and depositional processes, but also aid paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic analysis of the SCS.     

Geochemical characteristics and sedimentary environment significance of carbonate rocks in Nanfen Formation of Qingbaikou System in Tonghua,Jilin Province

In order to reveal the sedimentary environment of carbonate rocks in Nanfen Formation of Qingbaikou System in Tonghua, Jilin Province, the mineral composition and petrochemistry of carbonate rocks in Nanfen Formation were analyzed. The mineral compositions of five carbonate rock samples in Nanfen Formation mainly consist of calcite, with minor clay minerals and quartz, and the rock type is siliceous marlite. The Mn/Sr va-lues range from 1.52 to 4.08, with an average of 2.64, indicating that the carbonate rocks experienced weak diagenesis; the Sr/Ba values range from 1.26 to 2.51, with an average of 1.93, indicating marine environment; the ratio of Mg/Al ranges from 35.33 to 86.34, with an average of 62.95, indicating the seawater environment, which is consistent with the result from Sr/Ba; the MgO/CaO values range from 0.01 to 0.04, with an average of 0.02, indicating humid environment; the values of V/(V+Ni) range from 0.63 to 0.73, with an average of 0.70, indicating anoxic environment. In summary, geochemical analyses show that the Nanfen Formation carbonate rocks are marine deposits, in a warm, humid, anoxic environment with poor flow of seawater, and subsequently underwent weak diagenetic alteration.     

莺歌海盆地LD区块地层超压对泥岩成岩作用的影响及其地质意义

在综合前人研究基础上,应用X衍射、薄片鉴定、热解分析、生物标志化合物研究等技术,并与邻区的常压环境下的相关特征进行了对比,深入分析了莺歌海盆地LD区块地层超压的分布状况及其对黏土矿物转化和有机质热演化的影响。结果表明,①研究区内,超压顶界面深度从盆地中心向边缘逐渐变深;②研究区内,超压顶界面之上,随埋深和地温的增大,蒙脱石、伊蒙混层中蒙脱石和高岭石的含量逐渐降低,而伊利石和绿泥石含量逐渐增加,但超压顶界面附近及往下时,黏土矿物各组分的含量几乎不再减少,受到了地层超压作用的抑制;③Pr/nC₁₇和Ph/nC₁₈随深度增大而降低,但在强超压顶界面以下,变化趋势发生逆转,出现微弱增大的趋势,超压顶界面以下的实测R_o值即有机质的成熟度也出现了明显的低异常。地层超压通过抑制黏土矿物转化,间接减弱了储层的胶结作用,有利于深层优质储层的形成。研究区地层超压抑制了有机质的热演化,地层超压对生烃的抑制作用扩大了研究区有效源岩的层位和体积,并使主力源岩的生、排烃期后移,从而有利于油气的晚期快速聚集成藏。      

珠江口盆地白云-荔湾深水区幔源CO2充注的黏土矿物成岩响应

珠江口盆地白云-荔湾深水区油气勘探中钻遇大量高含量CO₂气层,使得如何规避高CO₂风险成为当前面临的挑战。通过工区充注CO₂的储层砂岩黏土矿物X射线衍射（XRD）、流体包裹体显微测温和稀有气体同位素组成等分析,明确了幔源无机CO₂的成因,并运用黏土矿物特征讨论高温幔源无机CO₂充注的黏土矿物成岩响应:有序带倒转和大量自生高岭石的生成。依据CO₂气井的XRD全定量分析数据剖面图将幔源无机CO₂气层段的黏土矿物组合分为3类:Ⅰ类为I/S混层黏土矿物中S体积分数介于10%~25%之间,有序度处于R₂~R₃带,高岭石体积分数高;Ⅱ类为I/S混层黏土矿物中S体积分数介于10%~15%,有序度为R₂~R₃带,自生高岭石体积分数低;Ⅲ类为I/S混层黏土矿物中S体积分数介于50%~60%,有序度为R₀带,高岭石体积分数低。总结出幔源CO₂在珠江组和珠海组中存在2种运聚模式:一是幔源CO₂通过与基性岩浆连通的深大断裂垂直向上运聚;二是垂直向上运移后通过连通砂体侧向长距离运聚。研究结果对珠江口盆地白云-荔湾深水区下一步油气勘探规避高含量CO₂风险具有指导作用。      

川东南地区志留系龙马溪组页岩孔隙结构特征

页岩储层的孔隙结构对页岩气资源评价和勘探开发具有重要意义。通过高压压汞法、低压氮气吸附法、氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜对川东南龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构特征进行了深入的研究,分析了微观孔隙发育影响因素。研究表明,页岩排驱压力比较高,孔隙分选差,退汞率极低,说明孔隙与喉道非常不均一;页岩比表面积为12.330~29.822 m2/g,平均为20.132m2/g;孔体积为0.015 9~0.094 7cm3/g,平均为0.044 5cm3/g;平均孔径为3.484~12.473nm,平均为7.400nm;主体孔隙为中孔,存在一部分的微孔和大孔,氮气吸附-脱附曲线表明孔隙形态以墨水瓶形孔和狭缝状孔为主。孔隙类型可分为有机质孔、原生残余孔、次生溶蚀孔、黄铁矿晶间孔、黏土矿物晶间孔、裂缝6种类型,其中原生残余孔、次生溶蚀孔可达微米级。有机碳含量、石英含量、黏土矿物含量、热演化程度均会影响微观孔隙发育,比表面积和孔体积随有机碳、石英含量的增加而增加;而随黏土矿物含量的增加,比表面积、孔体积呈减小趋势;适宜的热演化程度是纳米级孔隙发育的重要影响因素。      

苏北盆地东南部泰州组砂岩储层孔隙类型及有利储层评价

利用50余口井的储层实验资料,对苏北盆地主力勘探地区海安凹陷和高邮凹陷泰州组砂岩储层进行孔隙类型和有利储层评价。综合研究表明:海安凹陷和高邮凹陷泰州组发育三角洲、浊积扇、扇三角洲等成因类型砂体,这些砂体由成分和结构成熟度较低的长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩组成,并且砂岩储层发育次生孔隙,原生孔隙较少;海安凹陷泰州组储层第一个次生孔隙发育段为2 300～2 500m,系大量碳酸盐胶结物、长石和岩屑颗粒遭受强烈溶蚀而成,孔隙度为12%～25%,第二个次生孔隙发育段为2 600～3 200m;高邮凹陷泰州组储层孔隙演化与海安凹陷有一定差异,其只存在1个次生孔隙发育段(2 400～2 900m),孔隙发育程度与海安凹陷的第一个次生孔隙带相似;泰州组砂岩储层中次生孔隙的形成主要与沉积物中有机质演化产生的有机酸、酚以及碳酸有关;大部分次生孔隙是由粒间碳酸盐胶结物溶蚀产生;海安凹陷有利储层主要分布在西北部和东部三角洲前缘砂体和滑塌浊积扇砂体中,高邮凹陷有利储层主要分布在南部扇三角洲前缘砂体中,储层埋藏浅、物性好,均以Ⅰ和Ⅱ类储层为主,是有利的勘探地区。     

Clay minerals and geochemistry of the bottom sediments in the northwestern East China Sea

Clay minerals of 34 sediments collected from the northwestern continental shelf of the East China Sea have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The clay mineral distribution is mainly controlled by the sediment source and the dominant circulation pattern. The predominant clay mineral in our study area is illite comprising more than 67% of the whole clay fraction. The highest concentration of illite (>68%) is found in the southeastern offshore parts beyond the reach of terrigenous input from the Jeju Island. It means that these illites are largely transported by the Kuroshio Current from the South China Sea (SCS). Smectite is highly concentrated in the northwest middle part and in the outer-shelf mud patch. It seems to be due to the high supply of smectite transported from China where fine-grained sediments are discharged from modern and ancient Huanghe (Yellow) River. The relatively high abundant kaolinite is likely derived from the Changjiang (Yangtze) River via the Taiwan Warm Current. In contrast, large amounts of chlorite and high chlorite/kaolinite ratios occur in the northwestern area, reflecting the transportation by the Yellow Sea Coastal Current from the southern Yellow Sea. The discrimination diagrams clearly show that the sediments in the northwestern East China Sea are ultimately sourced from Chinese rivers, especially from the Huanghe River, whereas the sediment in the northeast part might come from the Jeju Island. The muddy sediments of the Changjiang River’s submerged delta have much lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.716 2–0.718 0) than those of the Shandong Peninsular mud wedge (0.721 6–0.724 9), which are supposed to be originated from the Huanghe River, suggesting the distribution pattern of 87Sr/86Sr ratios as a new tracer to discriminate the provenance of shelf sediments in the study area. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the outer-shelf muddy sediments ranged from 0.7169 to 0.7216 in a wide range and was between those of the Huanghe River and Changjiang River sediments, suggesting multiple sources of the sediment in the area.     

煤系烃源岩与石英次生加大边的形成机理探讨:以鄂尔多斯盆地东部山西组为例

借助有机酸热模拟、岩石薄片及阴极发光实验资料,分析了鄂尔多斯东部地区山西组煤系烃源岩与石英次生加大边的关系。研究表明:煤系烃源岩以Ⅲ型干酪根为主,在热演化生烃的过程中由于含氧基团逐步断裂产生了大量的有机酸;在酸性微孔隙环境下,石英砂岩及其岩屑石英砂岩中的火山喷出岩屑、长石等不稳定矿物易遭受溶蚀,形成的SiO₂提供了石英次生加大的硅质来源,薄片及阴极发光下均可观察到石英发育多期次生加大,尤以二期次生加大为主;证实煤系烃源岩中的有机酸是导致石英发生多期次生加大的直接原因,最终形成致密砂岩。      

四川广元地区朝天剖面上二叠统吴家坪组凝灰岩成因及其地质意义

四川广元地区朝天剖面上二叠统吴家坪组凝灰岩位于茅口组顶部王坡层黏土岩之上,其成因可能对认识峨眉山大火成岩省火山活动时限具有重要意义。对朝天剖面吴家坪组2个凝灰岩样品进行全岩矿物含量、地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb定年、锆石微量元素和Hf同位素分析,探讨凝灰岩的成因,进而讨论其对峨眉山大火成岩省火山活动时限的启示。结果表明:广元地区朝天剖面上二叠统吴家坪组凝灰岩主要由黏土矿物组成,锆石U-Pb年龄为(260.1±2.8)Ma,并具有较高的Al2O3/TiO2值(分别为37.90和31.49)、明显的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu*值分别为0.13和0.06)及缺失Nb、Ta负异常;凝灰岩样品中,锆石具有较高的εHf(t)值(7.8~11.4)和较低的Th/Nb值(5.4~14.9),与宾川剖面峨眉山火山序列酸性熔结凝灰岩及上寺剖面上二叠统下部凝灰岩基本一致,而明显不同于清音阁王坡层黏土岩锆石εHf(t)值和Th/Nb值。综上所述,四川广元地区朝天剖面上二叠统吴家坪组凝灰岩的形成与峨眉山大火成岩省酸性火山活动有关,且峨眉山大火成岩省的火山活动时限可能一直持续到晚二叠世早期。     

鄂西宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩储层特征及其脆性评价

依据鄂西宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩X射线衍射全岩分析、X射线衍射黏土矿物分析、物性分析、含气性测试和地球物理测井等资料,对区内页岩储层发育特征和页岩脆性特征进行了研究和综合评价。结果表明:宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩依次主要由石英、黏土矿物、长石、白云石、方解石、黄铁矿等组成;具有自底部“高硅、低黏土”页岩向上过渡为“低硅、高黏土”页岩的发育特征。页岩孔隙度主要为1.01%~1.77%,平均1.29%,渗透率主要为0.001×10-3~0.843×10-3 μm2,平均0.234×10-3 μm2,属于低孔特低渗储层;五峰组-龙马溪组下部页岩含气量普遍大于1 m3/t,厚度可达20 m。脆性矿物含量法脆性分析结果显示,页岩脆性指数分布于39.6%~89.6%之间,平均55.4%,其中底部10 m厚的页岩脆性指数均大于60%,利于储层压裂改造后形成复杂的裂缝网络系统。弹性参数法脆性分析结果显示,五峰组-龙马溪组页岩杨氏模量主要为25.2~67.5 GPa,平均38.9 GPa;泊松比主要为0.177~0.327,平均0.297;脆性指数主要介于8.5%~97.3%之间,平均33.2%;其中底部13 m厚的页岩具有典型高杨氏模量、低泊松比和高脆性指数的特征。页岩脆性综合评价结果表明,五峰组-龙马溪组底部9 m厚的页岩发育相对最优杨氏模量和泊松比条件,脆性属于中-高等程度,造缝能力强,可压裂性好。将页岩段划分为4类可改造储层,其中底部2 714.4~2 723.4 m段页岩具有泊松比相对最小、含气性最好、脆性最优和有机质含量高等特征,构成研究区最优改造层段。      

四川盆地须家河组致密砂岩物源体系的控储作用

为明确四川盆地须家河组致密砂岩物源特征及控储作用,运用储层岩石学测试和镜下分析,研究了物源与储层发育的关系及分布,探讨了物源体系的控制因素。研究结果表明,四川盆地须家河组储层具有成分成熟度较低、物性差异性强、以中-细粒为主、主要为溶蚀孔隙和成岩效应存在两面性5个基本特征;物源控制了储层岩石类型的发育范围,平面展布存在差异性,其可溶矿物组分及含量亦有所不同,导致各地区孔隙发育及规模有所不同;西部龙门山和东北部大巴山是须家河组的主要供源区,前者表现为碳酸盐岩岩屑含量相对较高,后者表现为火山岩岩屑含量相对较高。不同时期造山活动强度的阶段性变化使得物源供应强度及类型也随之变化,储层岩石组分差异分化,进而控制储层垂向非均质性。研究成果可以为该区下一步的油气精细勘探提供借鉴。