胶束电动毛细管色谱法测定海底表层沉积物中的苯系化合物

用胶束电动毛细管色谱法对海底表层沉积物中的苯系化合物进行了分析测定。采用57cm×50μm毛细管柱，以50mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠-2.0mmol/L四硼酸钠溶液（pH9.16）作为操作缓冲溶液，并加入φ=20%的甲醇作为有机改性剂，电压25kV，检测波长200nm，15min内苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯可获得良好的分离。用峰面积定量，线性范围为2～100mg/L，最小检测浓度分别为0.75mg/L苯，0.45mg/L甲苯，0.39mg/L乙苯，0.1mg/L邻-二甲苯，0.31mg/L对-二甲苯。将该法用来分析石油勘探远景区域海底表层沉积物中的苯系化合物，检测浓度范围为(0.0x～0.x)μg/g。     

岩溶地下河系统石灰石对BTEX的吸附动力学和热力学

石油类单环芳香烃BTEX是岩溶地下水中常见的有机污染物,但有关BTEX与石灰石的吸附研究报道很少。文中利用静态吸附实验,研究了桂林寨底地下河系统石灰石含水介质对汽油组分BTEX化合物的吸附动力学和吸附热力学。结果表明：（1）石灰石含水介质对BTEX具有明显的吸附性,BTEX实验吸附容量介于0.004~0.061 mg/g,大小顺序为甲苯>苯>间对二甲苯>邻二甲苯>乙苯,其动力学过程适合用假二级动力学模型描述,表明乙苯和二甲苯的吸附速率明显高于甲苯和苯,模型预测的BTEX吸附容量介于0.005~0.067 mg/g,大小顺序与实验结果一致。（2）BTEX在石灰石含水介质中的吸附热力学符合Freundlich模型及其特例Linear模型,Freundlich常数介于0.076 4~0.189 3［mg/g］［L/mg］1/n,1/n介于0.943 4~0.970 1,BTEX分配系数为0.002 3~0.021 2 L/g。BTEX吸附能力顺序为间对二甲苯>乙苯>邻二甲苯>甲苯>苯。然而,石灰石与BTEX之间的吸附等温线不适合用Langmuir模型描述。这项研究能够为深入探讨BTEX在西南岩溶地下水中的迁移与归宿机制提供科学依据。     

高温燃烧水解-离子色谱法测定植物样品中的氟

建立了高温燃烧水解-离子色谱测定植物样品中不同含量范围氟的分析方法,色谱条件为Dionex IonPacAS18分离柱(4 mm×250 mm),Dionex IonPac AG18保护柱(4 mm×50 mm),ASRS ULTRAⅡ自动再生微膜抑制器,电导检测器。采用纯水作为吸收介质,使样品溶液与标准溶液基体一致,过滤后可直接测定。样品溶液中常见的Cl-、NO3-、SO24-、PO43-、CO23-、HCO3-等阴离子不干扰F-的测定。为消除样品热解过程中产生的乙酸干扰,对氟含量较高(xx～xxxμg/g)的样品,采用20 mmol/L的NaOH淋洗液等度淋洗,进样体积为25μL;对氟含量较低的样品(0.x～xμg/g),进样体积为100μL。方法具有较宽的线性范围和较好的稳定性,检出限为0.5 mg/kg,适用于痕量分析;应用于灌木枝叶和茶叶等4个氟含量较高(xx～xxxμg/g)的植物标准物质的测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)<6%(n=6);应用于低氟的小麦粉和大米粉样品测定,加标回收率为90%～110%,可以满足不同氟含量植物样品中氟测定的需要,具有自动化程度高、操作简单、对环境友好等特点。     

在线液-液萃取微型万用分相器的设计和应用Ⅲ.流动注射液-液萃取-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱测定矿石中钼和钨

设计的在线液-液萃取分相器及相应流路系统与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱联用具有良好的分析性能.用于测定地质样品中的Mo和W,检出限(3σ)分别为3.6 μg/L和28 μg/L,两元素在0～2.0 mg/L有良好的线性.对于1 mg/L的Mo和W的测定,RSD(n=7)分别为4.0%和2.7%,测定速率为25～30/h.     

气相色谱—质谱联用技术测定岩芯样品中的苯系化合物

利用气相色谱／普联用技术测定了同一井位、不同深度岩芯样品中的苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯化合物。采用脂肪抽提器法和柱层析分析方法对岩芯样品进行进行预处理,得以岩芯施组分中的芳烃组合。以选择离子扫描模式,建立了标准样品的定量分析方法。方法对苯系化合物各待测组分的最小检出限均为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,加标回收率在９３．６％～１０９．５％。给出了岩芯样品的分离色谱图和实测结果,苯和甲苯含量在１．４～１１１．７ｎｇ／ｇ     

复方化学消毒剂中苯扎氯铵的高效液相色谱测定

建立了一种测定复方化学消毒剂中苯扎氯铵成分十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和十六烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的反相离子对高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Platisil ODS(5μm,250 mm×4.6mm),流动相为甲醇-0.2 mol/L己烷磺酸钠(含1%三乙胺,V/V,用高氯酸调节至pH=6.0,体积比85∶15),紫外220 nm检测。用己烷磺酸钠作为离子对试剂,增强了苯扎氯铵成分的保留,三乙胺作为扫尾剂,通过抑制固定相表面残存的硅羟基对苯扎氯铵成分的吸附,减少了色谱峰拖尾。3种苯扎氯铵成分分离良好,标准曲线的线性范围分别为0.002～5 mg/mL、0.005～10 mg/mL和0.005～10 mg/mL,检测限分别为0.0005 mg/mL、0.001mg/mL和0.001 mg/mL。方法具有良好的准确度和精密度,在测定低浓度样品时优势明显。实际用于测定苯扎氯铵消毒液和医用消毒纸巾中3种苯扎氯铵成分的含量,回收率为99.3%～104.1%,日内和日间测定相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于2.0%。     

吹扫-捕集技术在GC法测定地下水中苯系物的条件研究

吹扫—捕集法由于具有较高的富集效率和无有机溶剂再污染等特点 ,广泛应用于地表水、土壤及大气中挥发性有机物的分析测定 ,但用于测定地下水中有机污染物的报导甚少。本文主要研究吹扫—捕集技术在气相色谱法测定地下水中苯系物 (苯、甲苯、二甲苯 )时的条件 ,得到了良好的实验效果。1实验部分1 .1主要仪器设备及试剂OI45 60吹扫捕集器 (美国 ) ,美国HP5 890气相色谱仪。苯、甲苯、二甲苯 (均为GCgrade) ,二氯甲烷 (AR)。标准溶液配置 :分别吸取 1 0 0 μL苯、甲苯、二甲苯于 3个容量瓶中 ,用二氯甲烷稀释至刻度 ,摇匀备用。1 .2仪器测…     

计时电位溶出法同时测定锑样品中铜和铋

:探讨了以预镀汞膜玻碳电极为工作电极 ,同时测定锑类金属及其氧化物和硫化物中铜、铋的计时电位溶出法的适宜条件 ;试验了酸介质和常见元素对测定的影响 ;选择了仪器的最佳工作条件。结果表明 ,在 0 1mol/LHCl- 0 0 1mol/L抗坏血酸底液中 ,相对饱和氯化钾甘汞电极 ,铜与铋的溶出峰电位分别为 - 0 2 0V和 - 0 1 0V ,分辨效果较好。在测定条件下 ,铜和铋的线性范围分别为 0～ 30 0μg/L和 0～ 80 μg/L ,检出限分别为 7μg/L和 2 μg/L。用该法测定出口锑中铜和铋 ,结果与AAS及ICP -AES法测定值吻合 ,三次重复测定的RSD在 1 2 %～ 4 1 %。     

Fenton试剂快速氧化处理地下水中BTEX可行性研究

研究了Fenton试剂氧化处理地下水中苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯(BTEX)的效果。结果表明Fenton试剂具有很好的氧化处理BTEX的能力;H2O2/BTEX(摩尔比)=5和10时,在H2O2/Fe(Ⅱ)(摩尔比)=4和8的情况下氧化去除效果最好,去除率能达到80%以上;H2O2/BTEX(摩尔比)=20时,氧化去除效果显著,此时H2O2/Fe(Ⅱ)摩尔比对处理效果影响较小,H2O2/Fe(Ⅱ)=10时最终去除效率均达到97%～100%;整个实验过程中体系处于强氧化环境,pH值由6～7迅速下降至3左右。     

反硝化增强去除乙醇对多孔介质渗透性的影响

随着乙醇混合汽油的不断推广应用,乙醇将成为地下水中与苯、甲苯、乙苯及二甲苯的同分异构体（BTEX）共存的一种新型污染物。通过4 个含水砂柱实验,研究了乙醇存在及其强化去除对含水介质渗透性能的影响。结果表明：在有限溶解氧与反硝化增强修复条件下,乙醇去除率达92% 以上;生物过程对介质渗透能力影响程度随乙醇初始浓度、消耗速率与补充频率而变化：乙醇初始浓度接近1 000 mg/L 和3 000 mg/L 时,乙醇消耗快,补充频率高,渗透系数下降总体上有连续性,最大下降幅度达一个数量级（×10-1 cm/s）;乙醇初始浓度达到5 000 mg/L 时,渗透性下降显著,可下降两个数量级,但乙酸的积累可影响生物活性,并使得渗透性变化出现反复;当不含乙醇时,汽油溶解组分对介质渗透性能的影响相对不明显。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an