Vibration Characteristics of An Offshore Platform and Its Vibration Control

A template offshore platform, located in the Bohai Bay of China, has exhibited excessive, unexpected vibration un-der mildly hostile sea conditions, which has affected the normal operation of the platform. Since the structure was de-signed to sustain more severe wave climate, the cause of the excessive vibration has been suspected to originate from other sources. The main objectives of this study are to investigate the causes of the excessive vibration, and to explore possible remedies to solve the problem, In this paper, the vibration behavior of the offshore platform is analyzed by means of finite element (FE) modeling, field measurements and laboratory test. Results of analysis suggest that relative movement and impact between the piles and the jacket legs exist, i. e. the piles and the jacket are not perfectly connected. The discon-nection of the piles and jacket weakens the overall stiffness of the platform, and therefore produces unexpected excessive vibration. In this study, measures for reducing     

On the Vibration Reduction Effect of Offshore Platform Vibration Distribution Structure

Based on the Bohai ocean environment characteristics, a new platform vibration distribution structure is designed to reduce the platform vibration due to flowing ice. The effect of the earthquake wave and ocean wave load on this vibration distribution structure is considered in the design. The principal idea of this new vibration distribution structure is dividing the platform main column into the inner tube and the outer tube. The outer tube is connected with the leg pontoon by braces, while the inner tube is used to support the platform deck. The inner tube and outer tube can be connected or disconneted in the region near the water line. For evaluating the vibration reduction effect of such a structure, tests are carried out on a steel model, and the external load of flowing ice, earthquake wave and ocean wave are simulated by concentated random load applied to different points of the model. The tests are performed in water media and air media respectively. The vibration reduction effect is evaluated     

俯冲时的地震振动

在地壳中除一般的地震外 ,还可能发生其他不那么快速的地震过程。例如 ,在火山附近常记录到相当持续的振动 ,被称之为火山的抖动。2 0 0 0年日本开始起动由安置在全国各地、深度为 2 0 0～ 3 0 0m钻孔中的由 60 0台数字地震仪组成的“Hi 网络”。按仪器的灵敏度及其分布的密度 ,它超过了世界上所有其他类似的网络。“Hi 网络”记录到发生在南海俯冲区范围内地壳下层延续数分钟至数星期的振动。日本地震学家ObaraK成功地记录到离火山活动中心非常远的地壳振动。如果没有“Hi 网络”和在集中处理过程中所收集的资料 ,这些振动也许未被注意到…     

Lateral Vibration Behavior Analysis and TLD Vibration Absorption Design of the Soft Yoke Single-Point Mooring System

Mooring system is the key equipment of FPSO safe operation. The soft yoke mooring system is regarded as one of the best shallow water mooring strategies and widely applied to the oil exploitation in the Bohai Bay in China and the Gulf of Mexico. Based on the analysis of numerous monitoring data obtained by the prototype monitoring system of one FPSO in the Bohai Bay, the on-site lateral vibration behaviors found on the site of the soft yoke subject to wave load were analyzed. ADAMS simulation and model experiment were utilized to analyze the soft yoke lateral vibration and it was determined that lateral vibration was resonance behaviors caused by wave excitation. On the basis of the soft yoke longitudinal restoring force being guaranteed, a TLD-based vibration damper system was constructed and the vibration reduction experiments with multi-tank space and multi-load conditions were developed. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed TLD vibration reduction system can effectively reduce lateral vibration of soft yoke structures.     

Free Vibration of Sagging Pipelines in Water

- Studied in this paper is free vibration of a long span pipeline with nonlinearities taken into account. The pipeline sags under gravity and takes the shape of a plane curve. Vibration in the plane and out of the plane is regarded as small motions about the large static deflection. Manifestations of nonlinearities such as amplitude-dependent frequencies and internal resonance are investigated.     

Structural Vibration Mode Re-Analysis of Offshore Structures

-This paper reviews the current methodology for dynamic reanalysis. Rayleigh-Ritz approach and receptance approach are discussed in detail. Based on a general finite element structural analysis program SAPS, an eigenproblem re-analysis prorgram ERP was compiled. With a very small change the program can be implemented readily with any general FEM program. Finally, some numerical examples show that the new algorithm is of high precision and efficiency. In the case of local modification in the offshore platform, the efficiency is raised by 20- 50 times when compared with the re-calculation of the whole model.     

Vibration mitigation of structures in the marine environment

The research described in this paper involves a method to mitigate the vibration of an offshore structural system in the marine environment when subjected to the in-plane wave forces. The method introduced include a practical application for the viscoelastic material to the offshore structural system, and the analytical technique to evaluate the structural responses when the system is incorporated with damping devices. The viscoelastic materials applied here were tested and verified that they have high energy absorption capacity. In the analysis, the applied wave forces are based on the fifth-order Stokes wave theory and Morrison equation for small body and the computation method is based on Newmark method for nonlinear system. Results of the vibration responses for the system with added damping devices are presented and compared to the responses of structures of the traditional design. It was observed that the effect of the vibration mitigation was significant and the dynamic performance of the offshore structural system were greatly improved when the new damping devices were applied.     

非均匀流中立管涡激振动模型预测分析

文中分析了非均匀流中,张紧式海洋立管的涡激振动,采用新的加速度耦合尾流振子模型作为预测细长海洋工程柔性结构的计算工具,将预测结果中的横向位移包络线及最大幅值与实验观测值、shear7软件计算值进行了对比,可以发现模型的计算结果与实验观测结果吻合得很好.     

水分子对硝酸根分子振动的影响

利用第一性原理计算硝酸根与1～3个水分子形成的水合物(NO3-.nH2O,n=1～3)的红外吸收谱,并与测量的硝酸钠水溶液的红外吸收谱进行了比较分析。计算结果表明硝酸根与水分子所形成的水合物具有多种稳定的结构,其中硝酸根与1个水分子结合的亚稳定结构,其硝酸根反对称伸缩振动的劈裂与硝酸钠水溶液中硝酸根的红外吸收谱结果一致,表明硝酸盐溶液中每一硝酸根与附近水分子的作用效果等效为NO3-.1H2O。     

Simplified Computation Method of Vibration Characteristics of Jacket Platforms

In this paper a simplified computation method of natural frequency of jacket platforms is given. Shear, bending and rotary inertia effects are considered in the equation, while the jacket shape, rotary inertia and centralized mass of the platform top are all determined by using a coefficient-revising method.     

Experimental Investigation on Vortex-Induced Vibration of Steel Catenary Riser

Steel catenary riser(SCR) is the transmission device between the seabed and the floating production facilities. As developments move into deeper water, the fatigue life of the riser can become critical to the whole production system, especially due to the vortex-induced vibration(VIV), which is the key factor to operational longevity. As a result, experimental investigation about VIV of the riser was performed in a large plane pool which is 60 m long, 36 m wide and 6.5 m deep. Experiments were developed to study the influence of current speed and seabed on VIV of SCR. The results show that amplitudes of strain and response frequencies increase with the current speed both in cross-flow(CF) and in-line(IL). When the current speed is high, multi-mode response is observed in the VIV motion. The amplitudes of strain in IL direction are not much smaller than those in CF direction. The seabed has influence on the response frequencies of riser and the positions of damage for riser.     

Experimental Investigation of Disturbing the Flow Field on the Vortex-Induced Vibration of Deepwater Riser Fitted with Gas Jetting Active Vibration Suppression Device

An experimental investigation on the disturbance effect of jet-type active vibration suppression device on vortexinduced vibration of deep-sea riser was carried out in the wave-flow combined flume. The vibration suppression device was designed in which the jet pipe was horizontally fixed to the front end of the riser. By varying three different excitation spacings and multi-stage outflow velocities, the influence law of the dominant frequency,dimensionless displacement and other dynamic response parameters was studied under different excitation spacings,and the mechanism and sensitive characteristics of the disturbance suppression were explored. The results indicate that the variation of excitation spacing makes gas curtain enter the strong disturbed flow region at different velocities and angles, and the coupling relationship between excitation spacing and reduced velocity is the key factor to enter the strong disturbed flow region to achieve the optimal disturbance suppression. In the strong disturbed flow region,the influence of gas curtain on the dominant frequency is obviously affected by the flow velocity, while the vibration displacement is stable at the same amplitude and is weakly affected by the flow velocity. Gas curtain can effectively disturb the formation of vortex shedding, destroy the strong nonlinear coupled vibration of the riser, and achieve better vibration suppression effect. In the weak disturbed flow region, the vortex length of the riser tail is prolonged,the strong nonlinear coupled vibration of the riser is gradually restored, and the vibration suppression effect of the device gradually decreases.     

Experimental Investigation on Vortex-Induced Vibration of Steel Catenary Riser

Steel catenary riser (SCR) is the transmission device between the seabed and the floating production facilities. As developments move into deeper water, the fatigue life of the riser can become critical to the whole production system, especially due to the vortex-induced vibration (VIV), which is the key factor to operational longevity. As a result, experimental investigation about VIV of the riser was performed in a large plane pool which is 60 m long, 36 m wide and 6.5 m deep. Experiments were developed to study the influence of current speed and seabed on VIV of SCR. The results show that amplitudes of strain and response frequencies increase with the current speed both in cross-flow (CF) and in-line (IL). When the current speed is high, multi-mode response is observed in the VIV motion. The amplitudes of strain in IL direction are not much smaller than those in CF direction. The seabed has influence on the response frequencies of riser and the positions of damage for riser.     

Optimal Active Control of Wave-Induced Vibration for Offshore Platforms

An obvious motivation of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of the lateral vibration control of a jacket type offshore platform with an AMD control device, in conjunction with H2 control algorithm, which is an optimal frequency domain control method based on minimization of H2 norm of the system transfer function. In this study, the offshore platform is modeled numerically by use of the finite element method, instead of a lumped mass model. This structural model is later simplified to be single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system by extracting the first vibration mode of the structure. The corresponding "generalized" wave force is determined based on an analytical approximation of the first mode shape function, the physical wave loading being calculated from the linearized Morison equation. This approach facilitates the filter design for the generalized force. Furthermore, the present paper also intends to make numerical comparison between H2 active control and the corresponding passive control using a T     

Parametric Vibration Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel Tension Legs

According to the characteristics of submerged floating tunnel anchored by tension legs,simplifying the tube as point mass and assuming that the tension leg is a nonlinear beam model hinged at both ends,the nonlinear vibration equation of the tension leg is derived.The equation is solved by the Galerkin method and Runge Kutta method.Subsequently,numerical analysis of typical submerged floating tunnel tension leg is carried out.It is shown that,the parametric vibration response of the submerged floating tunnel tension leg is related to the amplitude and frequency of the end excitation.Without considering axial resonance and transverse resonance,it is reasonable that higher order modes are abandoned and only the first three modes are considered.The axial resonance amplitude of the second or third order mode is equivalent to the first order mode axial resonance amplitude,which should not be ignored.     

低雷诺数下圆柱涡激振动的二维有限元数值模拟

采用有限元方法求解原始变量的二维不可压粘性流体的N-S方程,计算了雷诺数从90到150范围内圆柱绕流引起的涡激振动,完整地再现了流固耦合系统从不共振到频率锁定,再到脱离锁定的过程,成功地预测到了涡激振动的“拍”和“锁定”现象,并与A nagnostopou los和B earam an的试验结果进行了比较。计算涡激振动时用ALE方法分析圆柱和流体的耦合作用,圆柱振动被简化为质量-弹簧-阻尼系统。     

大直径圆筒振动下沉动力分析方法研究

本文运用纵向强迫振动多自由度结构和土体等代流变模型 ,对大直径圆筒振动下沉过程进行模拟计算 ,确定在振动锤作用下大直径圆筒的动力响应、筒壁峰值应力和可沉入性 ,并通过工程试验结果验证模拟计算方法的适用性 ,为施工控制提供依据。     

海洋立管涡激振动的流固耦合模拟计算

通过求解粘性Navier-Stokes方程、湍流模型,以及涡激振动的结构动力响应方程,实现流固耦合,运用动网格技术,在雷诺数3 125～16 250的较大范围内对立管低质量比、小阻尼的情况进行了单自由度和两自由度涡激振动的模拟计算。得到了立管升阻力系数、位移比和频率等随约化速度变化的规律,捕捉到"锁定"、"失谐"和"相位开关"等现象,并与经典的实验及模拟结果做对比,效果很好。然后对两种自由度的结果进行对比,表明在低质量情况下流向阻力引起的运动对振动的影响不能忽略。     

Vibration and Acoustic Radiation from Submerged Spherical Double-Shell

1 .IntroductionSphericalshellsandcircularcylindricalshellshavebecomethemajorstructuralformsfornaviga tiondevicesunderwater,suchassubmarine ,torpedo ,andsoon .Theintegratedsphericalshellsareoftenusedascommunicationandtransportationtools,andserveasworkroomsforexternalexaminationandrepairoflargenavigationdevicesunderwatertoo .Especiallyforthesphericaldouble shell,itisveryusefulforthedeepmarineworks .Inthesphericaldouble shell,severalinternalringplatesareusuallydesignedtoconnecttheinnerandoutersph…     

Vibration induced in towed linear underwater array cables

Towed linear arrays of hydrophones are used in various applications, for example, seismic prospecting. Tow cable vibration is capable of causing output in the towed array system. Since one of the factors limiting acoustic sensitivity is self-noise, the general objective of this analysis is to investigate the nature of longitudinal and transverse cable vibrations, with the aim of minimizing vibration transmitted to the array. The equations of transverse cable motion are derived and solved for a single-póint excitation and for distributed-vortex excitation. The response to vortex-shedding excitation along the first 150 ft of array-end cable is quantitatively evaluated and compared with actual tow-trial measurements. Two types of longitudinal vibration are analyzed, one caused by direct excitation along the cable axis, and one caused indirectly by transverse cable vibration. Fluid drag and hysteretic damping are included in the analysis.