基于倾斜摄影的大比例尺地籍测量及精度验证

针对传统大比例尺地籍测量成图时间长、成本高等问题,提出一种基于倾斜摄影测量技术的大比例尺地籍测量方法。经多次试验,总结无人机倾斜摄影获取影像数据时的航飞技术参数,梳理倾斜摄影进行地籍测量的技术流程,并利用探索性统计分析方法以海安县黄陈村为例做精度验证。结果表明:界址点位等精度、高精度中误差分别为±2.3cm、±3.3cm,界址点间距等精度、高精度中误差分别为±2.7cm、±3.8cm,均可达到厘米级,且符合国家地籍测量精度要求。倾斜摄影技术为大比例尺地籍测量提供一种高精度、高效率、高性价比、低成本的测量方式。     

JX-3型解析测图仪简介

JX-3型解析测图仪是一台具有中国特色的计算机控制下的解析测图和数字测图仪器。能用于航空摄影测量、地面摄影测量、近景摄影测量及地籍测量等测图作业。本仪器具有量测象点坐标及数据采集、控制点加密、展点、     

爱达荷州ADA县精密摄影测量加密结果的检验

在合众国整个土地测量中引入统一的坐标系统已很急需一个文件，但是现有大地控制网的加密是既耗资又费时的。国家海洋测量局（NOS）提出了一个和常规地面测量方法精度相当而成本少一半的摄影测量控制加密系统。为了更好地为土地测量员的需要服务，NOS提出的系统包含有一个独特的计算程序，能获得加密点的两个大地坐标和在一对可通视点之间的距离、方位角和高差。最近在爱达荷州Ada县使用NOS系统得到346个加密点的精确坐标。这一计划表明用摄影测量的方法能加密被确认的三角测量控制网，而在精度和大量节约时间、经费方面权衡已显得不重要了．     

摄影测量平差系统的误差处理 第二讲 摄影测量和非摄影测量观测值的联合平差

用摄影测量方法加密点的坐标时，总需要某些非摄影测量的信息，至少必须考虑到三维摄影测量网定向基准的基本秩亏，即三个平移量、三个旋转量再加上比例尺系数。因此，空中三角测量平差至少需要七个独立的大地测量观测值或条件方程。通常的摄影测量加密总是利用若干个分布合理的地面控制点（平面     

地界平移时拐点的定位方法

本文介绍了推算与已知地界（折线）平行的地界（折线）拐点坐标的方法,即地界平移时 点的定位方法,给出其通解公式。该法对于国土管理部门拨地钉桩测量、地籍测量确权定界工作中推算待定地界（折线）拐点坐标,有一定的参考价值,公式简洁易记,只要有编程式计算器即可实现场实时解算。     

基于无人机倾斜摄影技术的地籍测量应用研究

地籍测量是不动产确权登记的基础工作,本文在研究已有测量方法的基础上,探讨了一种基于无人机倾斜摄影技术的地籍测量方法。倾斜摄影技术利用多镜头无人机进行航空摄影,快速采集地面物体的多方位信息,通过专业配套软件进行三维模型生产和三维立体测图,并经过数据编辑软件进行数据编码,最终生成地籍图。最后选取某村庄进行试验,经过基于倾斜摄影技术采集的界址点与传统测量方法采集的检查点的精度对比,结果表明：该方法不仅减少了外业成本,且精度完全满足项目要求,倾斜摄影技术完全可应用于地籍测量工作。     

利用无人机倾斜摄影测量进行三维地籍测量

针对传统地籍测量方法受天气影响大、效率低下等问题,探讨利用无人机倾斜摄影测量技术进行地籍测量的方法.该方法首先通过无人机获取倾斜影像,然后运用建模软件构建实景三维模型,最后利用三维测图软件在三维模型上进行数据采集.在提高模型精度方面,描述了三种不同的影像空三加密方法.以安徽省阜阳市某村为例,验证了该方法在地籍测量中的可行性,及再空三法能够提高模型的精度与稳定性.     

城市地籍测量中GPS技术的应用研究

GPS新技术的出现,可以高精度地测定地物点的坐标。特别是应用RTK新技术,依据一定数量的基准控制点,便可以高精度并快速地测定界址点及地物点的坐标。本文尝试利用GPS技术在城市地籍测量方面的应用做一些探讨。     

三目立体工业摄影测量系统外部参数的快速标定

针对我国锻件在位检测装置和测量方法落后的问题以及立体工业摄影测量现场控制场建立难的问题,开发出三目立体工业摄影测量系统,并提出系统外部参数标定方法,将控制场坐标系建立在相机上。试验证明,利用三目立体工业摄影测量系统解算物方点坐标的精度为0.201mm,验证标定精度的可靠性,满足在高温锻件测量现场建立简单、有效的高精度立体工业摄影测量控制场的应用需求。     

近景摄影测量像控点坐标获取的新方法

在原有近景摄影测量标靶的基础上,设计了一种新型标靶,用于精确、快速地测量标靶中心坐标,作为近景摄影测量的像控点。该新型标靶针对不同长度的观测距离有相适应的观测方法,本文针对不同的观测方法,分别给出了相应的靶心坐标计算方法,并进行了计算精度的对比分析。确定了两种靶心坐标观测方法和与之相适应的靶心坐标计算方法。与原有的靶心坐标测量方法对比,通过使用新型标靶,提高了获取近景摄影测量靶心坐标的效率和精度。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.