深层搅拌法地基处理设计的探讨

通过二个工程的计算与静载试验,分析了水泥深层搅拌法地基处理时硬壳层对桩间土承载力折减系数β的影响,提出了考虑复合地基变形模量EC或E0随EP增大而非线性增大因素的沉降计算方法.     

复杂地质条件下高层建筑岩石地基承载力取值的探讨

结合一个典型的工程实例,综合分析和比较了室内岩土试验和原位试验结果对岩石地基承载力设计取值的影响。提出在复杂地质条件下按室内岩土试验的结果比按经验取值偏低,以原位试验的试验结果确定地基承载力更为科学、合理。通过原位试验确定地基承载力和变形模量,用原位试验的变形模量计算建筑物的沉降,并与实测值进行比较,两者结果非常一致。     

CFG桩复合地基压缩模量计算方法探讨

CFG桩法在高层及多层建筑的地基处理中已有许多成功实例,在变形计算中,《建筑地基处理技术规范》（JGJ 79-2002）推荐使用复合模量法,并提供了计算复合土层压缩模量的应力比法公式。这里通过复合地基载荷试验资料,提出一种改进的面积比法公式。应用该法计算的复合地基沉降值,与建筑物的沉降观测值有较好的吻合度。     

载荷试验计算两层土复合地基变形模量

两栋18层住宅楼建在天然地基中有淤泥的土层上,地基采用振冲法处理。通过对两栋楼地基的载荷试验与沉降观测曲线的比对．发现对筏板基础依据载荷试验曲线初段的压缩模量不能真实反映复合地基的压缩性,建筑物的总沉降量与载荷试验曲线的后半段相关。根据载荷试验曲线计算压板影响范围内两层复合地基土变形模量．据此参数计算建筑物的沉降量与根据实际沉降观测结果推算值较为接近．克服了现有的根据载荷试验只能获得一层土变形模量的缺陷。     

土质路基荷载下地基沉降的修正计算方法

地基沉降分析中如何获取准确的应力分布和变形参数的问题尚未很好解决,为了提高土质路基地基沉降计算的精度,提出一种利用压板载荷试验成果求解地基沉降的修正切线模量法。首先,结合考虑路基高宽比b/h影响的地基反力分布和Boussinesq理论,得到了土质路基荷载下的修正附加应力,再根据原状土地基压板载荷试验曲线,建立切线模量与修正附加应力的关系方程,最后,基于分层总和法进行地基的非线性沉降分析。通过两种中等压缩性土地基沉降计算结果表明,修正切线模量法的计算值接近于实测值,可作为以沉降变形为控制目标的高速铁路地基沉降计算的参考方法。     

浅议岩土工程勘察中的几个问题

文章结合桂林市的几个工程实例，对岩土工程勘察中的有关抗剪强度c、ψ值的选用，地基承载力理论确定方法，及地基沉降计算等几个问题进行了粗浅的探讨，指出c、ψ的确定取决于不同岩土体和不同的试验方法，承载力的理论计算值须结合实际情况确定其适应性，在正确性取压缩模量和修正标准的基础上确定地基沉降量。     

珊瑚礁地基工程特性现场试验研究EI北大核心CSCD

珊瑚礁不同地貌带有着不同的工程地质特征和力学特性。为探究珊瑚礁地基的工程力学特性及其发育规律,在西沙永兴岛不同地貌单元开展了浅层平板载荷试验、深层螺旋板载荷试验、压实度测试以及回弹模量试验,获取了珊瑚礁不同地貌的地基承载力、变形模量、回弹模量等工程力学参数。试验结果表明:人工填筑的钙质土地基承载力和变形模量明显高于天然形成的礁坪相地基和沙坝地基,其承载力特征值可达320~360 k Pa,变形模量在95~200 MPa之间,且地基的沉降量很小,满足一般低层建筑物对地基承载力和变形的要求;在荷载作用下,钙质土地基的沉降是瞬时完成的,载荷试验可采用快速加载法;在地下水位以上地基承载力随着深度增大逐渐增加,但在地下水位以下承载力和变形模量明显减小。钙质土地基压实度在87%以上时回弹模量达到472~730 MPa,且回弹模量随着压实度的增大而增大。     

珊瑚礁地基工程特性现场试验研究

珊瑚礁不同地貌带有着不同的工程地质特征和力学特性。为探究珊瑚礁地基的工程力学特性及其发育规律,在西沙永兴岛不同地貌单元开展了浅层平板载荷试验、深层螺旋板载荷试验、压实度测试以及回弹模量试验,获取了珊瑚礁不同地貌的地基承载力、变形模量、回弹模量等工程力学参数。试验结果表明:人工填筑的钙质土地基承载力和变形模量明显高于天然形成的礁坪相地基和沙坝地基,其承载力特征值可达320~360 k Pa,变形模量在95~200 MPa之间,且地基的沉降量很小,满足一般低层建筑物对地基承载力和变形的要求;在荷载作用下,钙质土地基的沉降是瞬时完成的,载荷试验可采用快速加载法;在地下水位以上地基承载力随着深度增大逐渐增加,但在地下水位以下承载力和变形模量明显减小。钙质土地基压实度在87%以上时回弹模量达到472~730 MPa,且回弹模量随着压实度的增大而增大。     

基于Eshelby等效夹杂原理的地基沉降分层总和分析方法探讨

本文针对地基土变形模量变化影响地基沉降分析的问题。首先,从细观力学机理入手,引入本征应变的概念并利用Eshelby等效夹杂原理,研究土体细观结构与宏观性能之间的关系,建立了土体变形模量、土颗粒骨架变形模量与土孔隙率之间的关系模型。随后,针对地基变形的非线性特征,引进分级加载思想,建立了在初始地应力和附加应力作用下的地基土变形模量以及孔隙率的递推变化关系模型。然后,引进分层总和和分级加载思想以及增量广义虎克定律,建立了能反映地基土变形模量变化影响的地基沉降计算方法。该方法充分体现了地基沉降变形的非线性特征,不仅能反映变形模量变化对地基沉降分析的影响,还能有效避免地基沉降分析须采用地基土压缩试验曲线或地基静载试验曲线。最后,通过工程实例计算,并与现有同类方法进行比较分析,表明了本文方法的合理性与优越性。     

螺旋板荷载试验的初步总结

螺旋板荷载试验是用人力或机械设备将螺旋形承载板旋入地面以下预定的深度,通过传力杆向承载板施加荷载,并同时测定板的沉降量,根据压力——沉降值曲线可求得地基土的变形模量E及破坏强度P_P。本试验的特点是对埋藏在一定深度范围以内的任意深度的土层进行试验,对难以取得原状试样的砂性土尤其适用。本文详细介绍了我院设计试制的螺旋板荷载试验的设备及试验方法。根据两个工地的试验结果,提出了用应力式试验成果求砂性土的变形模量E的方法,并将由螺旋板试验求得的     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an