苏门答腊岛（印尼）岩浆旋回中的成矿作用

本文阐述了东苏门答腊地体和西苏门答腊地体白海西期岩浆旋回以来各自的金属矿产分布特征。海西期东苏门答腊地体以裂陷盆地的层控型铅-锌矿为主,而矽卡岩型Ag、cu和Pb．zn矿化产于西苏门答腊地体。印支期sn矿成矿作用主要与s-型花岗岩类（220～195Ma）侵入和苏门答腊岛中部的梅迪亚苏门答腊深大断裂走滑活动有关。燕山早期铜．金成矿作用为陆缘夭折古裂谷和岛弧环境。燕山晚期为弧-陆碰撞的火山弧的Sn-Au-Ag成矿作用。喜山期发育的岩浆弧Au—Ag成矿与苏门答腊深大断裂活动和巴厘散构造带有关,归因于印度-澳大利亚洋壳斜向俯冲于苏门答腊岛之下。     

初论苏门答腊（印尼）的岩浆一构造旋回及其板块构造背景

本文将晚古生代以来苏门答腊火成岩划分出四个岩浆-构造旋回或岩浆活动期次（海西期、印支期、燕山期和喜山期）,并讨论其板块构造背景。结果表明：分布于西苏门答腊地体海西期酸性侵入岩属于碰撞后地壳的火山弧I-型花岗岩带,其火山岩为大陆拉张带（初始裂谷）中的安山．玄武岩系列,而分布在东苏门答腊地体的大多数酸性侵入岩具有s-型花岗岩的性质。印支期西苏门答腊地体侵入岩为I-型花岗岩,属于火山弧花岗岩。印支期碰撞后板内岩浆活动带（廖内群岛-班加岛-勿里洞岛）的侵入岩以含锡s-型花岗岩为特色。燕山期以后的深成岩-火山岩活动的岩石类型和分布特征,受大陆拉张带（初始裂谷）及其相邻的洋岛的控制。燕山早期细碧岩属于陆缘裂谷火山岩。喜山期火山岩属于陆缘火山弧,其中橄榄玄粗岩落在洋岛玄武岩与洋中脊玄武岩（MORB）交界线附近。     

青藏东缘昌都-思茅构造带中新生代陆内裂谷作用

中三叠世末,三江联合地体形成,昌都—思茅构造带进入陆内演化阶段,堑垒相间的古地貌、具双峰式火山岩的火山-沉积组合、显双峰特点以及普具伸展因子的岩浆作用等显示,其在晚三叠世至新生代发生了广泛的陆内裂谷作用。裂谷岩浆活动主要为两侧火山地堑发育的双峰式火山活动,同期的岩浆侵入活动也呈双峰态势。岩浆喷发活动具有东强西弱的特点,其中东部江达—云岭—绿春地堑带,因局部出现洋壳而具有陆间裂谷性质;岩浆侵入活动自印支晚期向燕山期具有规模减小、范围增大的特点,到燕山期、喜马拉雅期,中央地带也发生岩浆侵入活动,形成中央热隆带。岩浆侵入活动具有明显继承性,由于昌都—思茅地体两侧于晚海西期至中三叠世发育陆源岩浆弧,岩浆岩在岩石化学上或多或少显弧岩浆特点。陆内裂谷作用在中生代经历了火山-地堑、陆内岩石圈挠曲凹陷演化阶段。裂谷作用持续到了新生代。     

苏门答腊岛(印尼)成矿带的岩浆作用和源区及其对比

本文介绍了苏门答腊岛上两个成矿带(即铜-金矿成矿带和锡矿成矿带)的矿产分布,岩浆岩的岩石类型和地球化学特征。根据本研究课题在巴东地区岩石化学资料,本文总结了铜-金矿成矿带含矿母岩的地球化学特征,探讨其岩浆岩成因和源区。同时,将其锡矿成矿带岩浆岩的岩石类型和地球化学-大地构造环境与其相邻地体进行对比。研究结果表明:西苏门答腊地体的铜-金矿成矿带的含矿母岩为SI-型埃达克质花岗岩,形成于活动大陆边缘(ACM)火山弧构造环境,其岩浆物质主要来源于俯冲洋壳板片局部熔融叠加上弱的地幔楔熔融-混染作用(MASH)。而东苏门答腊地体‘锡岛’和"暹缅马苏"地体的锡矿带含矿母岩为过铝质(S-型)花岗岩类,其形成构造环境为碰撞带的弧后盆地和陆内裂谷,物质源区来自地壳重熔和岩浆分异。地球化学资料表明,该两地体具有共同的深部岩浆源区。     

苏门答腊弧后盆地特征及其油气勘探进展

苏门答腊盆地群是东南亚典型的弧后盆地,也是印度尼西亚第一大油气富集区,近5年发现新增油气储量呈上升趋势,待发现资源量大,具有较大的勘探潜力。通过系统梳理苏门答腊盆地群油气勘探历史、主要油气资源分布和盆地构造演化特征,分析了苏门答腊弧后盆地油气分布差异性及其主控因素。油气的不均一分布格局,主要受控于断陷期烃源岩的差异性分布,断陷期的“三阶段”构造演化过程控制不同类型的沉积环境及沉积相分布,进而影响主力烃源岩的分布;其次,地壳拉张变薄以及岩浆作用促使弧后地区浅层形成较高热流值,加速烃源岩的热解生烃。结合苏门答腊弧后盆地群油气勘探历史及其待发现油气资源量,认为苏门答腊盆地北部AndamanⅢPSC区块等深水区、南苏门答腊盆地源下基底潜山新层系以及中苏门答腊盆地的陆上低程度勘探地区是下一步研究的新领域。     

青藏高原中的古特提斯体制与增生造山作用

青藏高原古特提斯体系的特征表现为古特提斯洋盆中多条状地体的存在,多俯冲、多岛弧增生体系的形成和多地体汇聚、碰撞造山的动力学环境,其构架包括4条代表古特提斯洋壳残片的蛇绿岩或蛇绿混杂岩(昆南-阿尼玛卿蛇绿岩带、金沙江-哀牢山-松马蛇绿岩带、羌中-澜沧江-昌宁-孟连蛇绿岩带和松多蛇绿岩带)、5条火山岩浆岛弧带(布尔汗布达岛弧岩浆带、义敦火山岩浆岛弧带、江达-绿春火山岛弧带、东达山-云县火山岛弧带和左贡-临沧岛弧-碰撞岩浆带)、4个陆块或地体(松潘-甘孜地体、羌北-昌都-思茅地体、羌南-保山地体)、3条洋壳深俯冲形成的高压-超高压变质带(金沙江得荣高压变质带、龙木错-双湖高压变质带、松多高(超)压变质带),以及5条弧前增生楔或增生杂岩(西秦岭增生楔、巴颜喀拉-松潘-甘孜增生楔、金沙江增生楔、双湖-聂荣-吉塘-临沧增生楔、松多增生杂岩)。古特提斯洋盆的俯冲增生造山作用普遍存在于青藏高原古特提斯复合造山体中,构成与多条古特提斯蛇绿岩带(缝合带)相伴随的俯冲增生杂岩带(链)。古特提斯俯冲增生杂岩带包括由弧前强烈变形的沉积增生楔、以及高压变质岩、岛弧岩浆岩、蛇绿岩和外来岩块组成的混杂体,代表在洋盆俯冲过程中的活动陆缘的地壳增生。     

晚中生代地球表层重大地质事件的陆地环境剧变与生物群演替响应

晚中生代时期华北东北部发育燕辽生物群、热河生物群和阜新生物群陆地生物群。它们的快速演变过程和华北克拉通上同时期发育的岩石圈减薄、大面积强烈岩浆活动、变质核杂岩及伴随的伸展盆地等地球表层重大地质事件并行发生,表现着地壳表层系统圈层间的相互作用和响应。生物群的繁盛与灭绝与地球表层大规模岩浆-火山活动(髫髻山组—张家口组和大北沟组—义县组)发育时代高度协同一致。地球表层重大地质事件直接或间接地控制或改造着地球表层古地理和古生态环境,生物群只得调整自身去适应环境和生态背景的改变。火山-岩浆活动改变着地质-生态环境,生物群都紧密联系多期次火山-岩浆活动,化石也都被埋葬在沉积-火山碎屑岩中。华北克拉通破坏重大地质事件发生响应于全球变化和统一地球表层系统。盆地沉积充填序列、特殊陆相环境沉积建造、特殊环境沉积物等记录了响应的古地理、古环境变化与响应。陆地生物群分布、演化、更替与精确定年,脊椎-无脊椎生物(化石)埋葬特征,生物演化速率、消长关系和生物群(组合)更替的形式和性质,以及脊椎动物骨骼、牙齿的常量、微量元素、H-B-C-N-O-S和C-O-Sr等地球化学特征的研究可以恢复和重建古地理、古生态环境和古生态系统。     

松潘-甘孜地体中部晚三叠世安山质增生弧的确定及其意义

本文研究揭示,巴颜喀拉-松潘甘孜地体(简称松潘-甘孜地体)中部三叠系复理杂岩中的安山岩块是增生弧岩浆活动的产物,具有高度不均一均匀的岩石组构、地球化学与同位素组成。特别是这些安山岩显示了与松潘-甘孜三叠系海相浊积岩具有高度的Sr-Nd同位素亲缘性,沿亏损地幔和三叠系海相浊积岩混熔曲线分布,且主要分布于三叠系海相浊积岩端元区。这表明该增生弧安山质岩浆主要由增生楔中的海相浊积岩基质部分熔融形成,并受到了增生楔中大洋岩石圈残片等超镁铁/铁镁质组分的不同程度混染。安山岩时代(226.8±1.9Ma~213.7±0.9Ma)以及同时期广泛的S型花岗岩侵入活动(228±2Ma~204±7Ma)揭示增生弧形成于晚三叠世Norian期。前人工作表明,位于松潘-甘孜地体东北隅的诺尔盖-松潘盆地是一个周缘前陆盆地。因此,松潘-甘孜地体并非单一构造成因的地质体,至少由二叠纪-三叠纪演化的古特提斯大洋和中三叠世拉丁期-晚三叠世诺列期周缘前陆盆地两部分构成。前者是松潘-甘孜地体的主体部分,由松潘-甘孜古特提斯洋在三叠纪时期快速收缩形成的增生楔杂岩组成,其上发育增生弧,局部残存古特提斯大洋盆地及被构造移置的洋壳残片;后者为西秦岭弧(248~234Ma)与扬子地块碰撞的产物。     

延边地区东部火山-岩浆活动特点及矿化特征

延边地区东部汪清—杜荒子中生代陆相火山断陷盆地是处于吉黑褶皱系延边优地槽褶皱带延边复向斜内。区内中生代以来不同方向的断裂发育,火山活动强烈,岩浆侵入频繁。与中生代火山—岩浆活动有成因联系的多个金、铜多金属矿床和多见的矿化蚀变线索构成了知名度很高的五风—小西南岔近东西向火山—岩浆期后低温热液型金、铜多金属成矿带。     

江西银山铜多金属矿床成因再认识

从矿体形态、蚀变、矿化分带、稳定同位素和矿物包裹体等方面论述了矿床与本区岩浆活动在时间、空间和成矿物质来源等方面的关系,提出了银山铜多金属矿床是与燕山早期岩浆活动有关的火山—次火山热液矿床的新认识。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of