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1.
东亚地区夏季水汽输送特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用1950—2002年NCEP/NCAR再分析逐日平均资料,计算全球格点整层水汽输送通量,分析东亚地区夏季水汽输送在推进过程中逐候的气候特征。研究发现:第25—44候是水汽输送变化最为明显的时段,也是水汽输送的集中期;东亚地区各个经度带的偏南风水汽输送在出现时间、北抬进程速度、北界位置、南撤速度等方面均表现出不同的特征;副高边缘的东南风水汽输送具有迂回西扩和快速东撤的特点,并且在强盛期能够到达青藏高原的东南部。  相似文献   

2.
夏季东亚地区水汽输送的气候特征   总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18  
使用 1980—1997年垂直积分的水汽输送通量资料,分析了夏季大尺度水汽输送演变的气候特征及偏南风水汽输送在中国区域内的推进特征。结果表明:夏季各支大尺度水汽输送汇合成一条行星尺度水汽输送大值带,它从南半球出发,经过亚洲季风区,进入北太平洋;东亚夏季偏南风水汽输送所能到达的北界为东北北部50°N附近;西太平洋副高南侧的东南风水汽输送所能到达的西界为甘肃东南部100°E附近。垂直积分的水汽输送通量强辐合区大多位于行星尺度水汽输送大值带中,与降水大值区之间有很好的对应关系。  相似文献   

3.
根据1998年NCEP逐日资料和TBB逐日资料,探讨了低纬度对流活动和副高周边水汽输送及其对流活动对夏季西太平洋副热带高压季节性北跳、南撤的影响效应.研究表明:低纬热带对流加强,且110°-150°E地区的南北向垂直经圈环流下沉区北移,夏季西太平洋副热带高压有北跳现象.另外,诊断结果亦表明西太平洋副高周边纬向水汽输送的显著减弱亦预示将出现副高的北跳,而西太平洋地区低纬经向水汽输送减少一候之后,副高南撤.研究结果表明西太平洋副高北跳、南撤与低纬度的对流潜热释放、中纬西太平洋副高周边的水汽输送及其对流活动存在密切的关系.数值模拟结果进一步证实上述副高活动变异与前期水汽输送及其对流特征的相关关系.  相似文献   

4.
近50年来中国夏季降水及水汽输送特征研究   总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12  
利用1951-2006年中国448站夏季降水资料、NCEP/NCAR VersionⅠ的再分析资料,研究了近50年来中国夏季降水年代际变化特征及其分区,并从季风性水汽输送的变化角度出发,讨论了影响中国一些主要地区降水变化的可能机制.研究发现:(1)从总体上来说,自1951年至今,中国夏季降水存在3个突变时段,即1956-1960年,1980年前后以及1993年以后.且90°E以东突变后的主要变化特征都是多雨区由北向南传播,而90°E以西则是多雨区由南向北传播;2)近56年来就110°E以东的中国东部夏季降水而言,1980年以后多雨区由华北南移到长江中下游,又于1993年以后由长江中下游继续南移至华南;3)中国东部各地区降水和850 hpa风场、整层水汽输送场的相关分布一致表明,中国110°E以东各降水区以南为来自偏东偏南的季风性异常水汽输送,而以北为来自偏北风和相应的异常水汽输送,两者在降水区汇合造成风和水汽输送异常辐合.因而,西太平洋副热带高压南侧的东南季风及其异常水汽输送、北方冷槽的偏北风及其异常水汽输送是中国东部夏季降水异常的主要成员,这和一般认为的这些地区降水异常来自孟加拉湾的季风性异常水汽输送的观点不同,需要作进一步研究.总之,对于中国东部旱涝的形成,应该重点注意来自西北太平洋副热带高压西侧的直接或间接经南海到达的异常四南季风性水汽输送.  相似文献   

5.
水汽输送与江南南部初夏雨季及降水变化的联系   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6  
基于1961—2010年美国国家环境预报中心/大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)的逐日再分析格点资料,分析了初夏水汽输送的分布和演变过程及其与中国江南南部初夏雨季的关系。结果显示,初夏水汽输送总体上随夏季风前沿自南向北加强,有3次水汽通量突然增大的涌先后从中国南海北传到25°N及其以南、25°—30°N、30°N及其以北地区,水汽涌和相应峰的发生时间分别对应华南前汛期、江南南部初夏雨季、长江流域梅雨的开始和结束时间。江南南部在初夏雨季处在水汽通量高值区的北缘、水汽辐合区内。青藏高原南侧水汽辐散区是影响江南南部初夏雨季的直接水汽源,澳大利亚北部到印度洋和阿拉伯海南部地区的大面积水汽辐散区则是间接水汽源。经向水汽输送演变对雨季起(讫)具有标志性意义,纬向水汽输送也不容忽视。雨季开始(结束)时江南南部地区的南界(北界)中低层水汽流入(流出)显著增大,但北界(南界)水汽通量并未同步发生显著变化;雨季期间的纬向水汽输送明显增强,水汽通量大于经向水汽输送。雨季强、弱具有年代际变化,且与纬向水汽流入的相关比经向水汽流入的相关更显著。影响江南南部初夏雨季的水汽输送路径主要有两条,北支是从孟加拉湾北部经缅甸和云南、贵州的水汽输送,南支是经孟加拉湾、中南半岛、中国南海与西太平洋副热带高压西侧水汽汇合的水汽输送。强雨季年孟加拉湾北部的东北向水汽输送和中国南海的北向水汽输送都增强,弱雨季年则相反。孟加拉湾、中国南海南部和西太平洋暖池区是显著的水汽辐合区,是江南南部初夏雨季的水汽输送通道而不是水汽源,水汽辐合越弱(强)越有利于(不利于)江南南部初夏雨季的降水,其影响机制可能在于通道上的对流活动对江南南部初夏雨季水汽输送具有拦截作用。  相似文献   

6.
本文基于1961~2018年华北地区均一化逐日降水资料和ECMWF(欧洲中期天气预报中心)ERA5全球再分析环流资料,采用一种综合考虑降水量和西太平洋副热带高压脊线影响的雨季监测标准,计算了华北雨季起讫日期和降水量,在此基础上讨论了华北雨季季节内进程的水汽输送特征。重点分析了降水量与水汽收支的年代际变化关系,揭示了水汽输送的时空变化规律及其对华北雨季降水的影响。研究结果表明:(1)华北雨季每年的起讫日期不同,从而每年雨季发生时段和季节内进程不同。(2)降水的形成与水汽输送及其辐合密切相关,有四个水汽通道维持华北雨季降水,即印度季风水汽、东亚季风水汽、110°E~120°E之间越赤道气流向北的水汽输送和40°N附近中纬度西风带水汽。(3)华北雨季降水和净水汽收支具有相似的年代际变化特征,分别在1977、1987、1999年发生突变,总体呈现“减—增—减”的阶段性变化趋势,两者位相转变相关性很强。(4)水汽输送的强弱和到达华北时间的早晚均对雨季降水多寡有重要影响。华北多雨年代与少雨年代水汽通量有明显的差异,主要表现在:在多雨年代,西北太平洋为反气旋式环流异常,偏南水汽强盛,并且与中高纬西风带异常偏西水汽汇聚于华北,华北地区水汽辐合偏强;考虑季节内进程,水汽到达华北的时间早、强度大,停留时间长、辐合强,减弱的时间晚;而在少雨年代,我国东北地区、朝鲜半岛及日本海附近为气旋式环流异常,华北地区由南向北的水汽输送偏弱,水汽辐散明显加强;季节内进程表现出与多雨年代相反的特征。(5)考虑华北地区四个边界的水汽收支,南边界和西边界有最大、次大水汽输入,二者的年代际变化是影响雨季降水年代际变化的重要因素。在多雨年代,南边界和西边界水汽净输入很强,但北边界的输出也很强;在少雨年代,南边界和西边界水汽净输入很弱,但北边界转为输入,这是区别于多雨年代的重要特征。  相似文献   

7.
诊断分析了北半球夏季来自印度季风的水汽输送与东亚上空水汽输送的关系,发现二者之间具有反相变化的特征。印度季风水汽输送偏强(偏弱)时,东亚上空的水汽输送偏弱(偏强),长江中下游降水偏少(偏多)。印度夏季风水汽输送与西太平洋副热带高压强度有显著的相关关系,印度季风水汽输送偏强(偏弱)时,西太平洋副热带高压强度偏弱(偏强),由此导致副高西侧东亚上空向北的水汽输送减弱(增强),使得长江中下游降水偏少(偏多)。对反映热带对流活动的外逸长波辐射(OLR)的分析表明,印度洋上空的对流加热异常不仅能够显著地影响印度季风,也可能对东亚季风产生直接的影响。  相似文献   

8.
西南地区东部夏季旱涝的水汽输送特征   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
利用1959-2006年两南地区东部20个测站逐日降水量资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均资料,分析了西南地区东部夏季旱涝年的水汽输送特征.结果表明,西南地区东部水汽来源主要有两个:第1条主要来自青藏高原转向孟加拉湾经缅甸和云南进入西南地区东部,第2条水汽经由孟加拉湾南部,强大的水汽输送带继续向东输送至中南半岛及南海,与南海越赤道气流所携带的水汽汇合后转向至西南地区东部,而由四太平洋副热带高压西侧转向的偏南水汽对向西南地区东部水汽输送也有影响.与西南地区东部夏季降水相联系的水汽通道中,印度洋水汽通道强度最强,太平洋水汽通道强度最弱.在印度季风区,偏北的高原南侧水汽通道(经向)强度远小于偏南的印度洋水汽通道.东亚季风区夏季水汽输送经向输送大于纬向输送,而印度季风区夏季水汽输送则是纬向输送大于经向输送.西南地区东部夏季降水与纬向通道的强度变化关系密切,而与经向通道的水汽输送强度变化关系不明显.当印度季风区南支水汽输送偏弱时,印度季风区北支(高原南侧)和东亚季风区向西的水汽输送偏强,使得以纬向输送为主的印度季风区经向水汽输送加大,而以经向输送为主的东亚季风区纬向水汽输送加大,从而使东亚地区的水汽输送带偏西,西南地区东部夏季降水偏多,可能出现洪涝,反之则可能出现干旱.西南地区东部夏季水汽有弱的净流出,是一个弱的水汽源区,南边界流入水汽量最多,干旱年整个区域水汽流出较常年明显,而洪涝年则有弱的净流入.夏季水汽通道水汽输送强弱变化与同期500 hPa高度场和SST场的分布形势密切相关.  相似文献   

9.
四川盆地夏季水汽输送特征及其对旱涝的影响   总被引:5,自引:9,他引:5  
蒋兴文  李跃清  李春  杜军 《高原气象》2007,26(3):476-484
利用1981—2000年夏季观测资料,分析了四川盆地夏季平均的水汽输送状况及四川盆地典型旱涝年的水汽输送差异特征,并在此基础上,初步分析了四川盆地旱涝异常的大气环流背景。结果表明:四川盆地的夏季水汽主要来源于青藏高原、孟加拉湾及南海地区。当西太平洋副热带高压偏北偏西时,其外侧东南风可以把南海水汽带到盆地西部,孟加拉湾及青藏高原水汽受到阻挡被迫停留在盆地西部,形成了盆地西部异常的水汽辐合,东部异常的水汽辐散,由此导致四川盆地西涝东旱。反之,当西太平洋副热带高压偏南偏东时,其西南侧的南海水汽不能到达盆地西部,只能到达盆地东南部,而孟加拉湾及青藏高原水汽则可以进入盆地东部,在盆地东部形成异常的水汽辐合,在西部形成异常的水汽辐散,造成四川盆地西旱东涝。  相似文献   

10.
利用1986—2016年中国气象局台风最佳路径资料、海南岛区域站降水数据以及基于拉格朗日方法的轨迹模式对近30 a影响海南岛的台风降水和大气环流特征进行分析,并探讨了台风影响降水期间水汽输送通道和源地。结果表明:6—10月是台风影响海南岛的主要时段,也是台风降水主要时段。在台风降水偏多(少)年,长江以南地区冷空气影响偏弱(强),副热带高压偏弱(强),南支槽偏强(弱),低层水汽通量场呈现异常气旋性(反气旋性)环流。降水偏多年,海南岛受到来自西北太平洋异常东北气流与印度洋、孟加拉湾的异常偏强西南气流影响;降水偏少年,水汽主要来自西太平洋的偏东气流和南海较弱的西南气流。海南岛台风降水的四个主要水汽源地分别为西太平洋、孟加拉湾、南海和印度洋,在台风降水偏多年,水汽输送贡献最大的是西太平洋和孟加拉湾,分别为33%和30%,来自东西两路的水汽供应充足,而在偏少年西太平洋水汽输送贡献最大,为38%,其余水汽源地贡献均在30%以下,以110°E以东的水汽输送为主。  相似文献   

11.
关于确定东亚夏季风强度指数的探讨   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8  
廉毅  沈柏竹  高枞亭 《气象学报》2004,62(6):782-789
文中利用作者曾定义的东亚夏季风在中国东北地区 (12 2 .5°E ,4 0°N)的建立标准 ,根据相同的方法 ,分别计算了沿 112 .5 ,117.5 ,和 12 2 .5°E上 ,2 0°N及以北每隔 5个纬度东亚夏季风建立、持续和撤退时间 (候 ) ,将某年持续和多年平均持续候数相比的标准化值 ,定义为一种沿某一经圈上某一纬度的东亚夏季风强度指数ISMΦ,还分析了该指数与中国夏季降水量场和 5 0 0hPa高度场的相关。结果表明 :(1)沿 117.5°E经度上 ,东亚夏季风在 2 0 ,2 5 ,30 ,35 ,和 4 0°N建立的平均日期分别为 2 7.2 6 ,2 8.5 4 ,34.4 3,37.12和 37.6 5 (候 ) ,撤退平均日期分别为 5 4 .4 4 ,5 3.6 9,5 1.85 ,4 8和 4 6 .76 (候 ) ,其中 117.5°E ,2 0°N代表南海的中北部 ,文中确定的该区夏季风建立、撤退日期分别为 2 7.2 6 (候 )和 5 4 .4 4 (候 ) ,与国内学者公认的 5月 4候 (2 8候 )和 10月 1候 (5 5候 )相当吻合 ;(2 )沿 112 .5°E、117.5°E和12 2 .5°E的同一纬度上 ,东亚夏季风建立的平均日期并不相同 ,西边先于东边建立 ,每隔 5个经度 ,相差约 1~ 2候 ,而撤退的平均日期 (30°N及以北 )分布则相反 ,东边先撤退 ;(3)沿 117.5°E ,30°N和 35°N的ISMΦ和沿 12 2 .5°E ,4 0°N的ISMΦ均与中国华北和东北地区大部 7~  相似文献   

12.
夏季江淮暴雨过程对大尺度湿度场的敏感性试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
用全球谱模式T42L11对1991年6月底至7月初江淮暴雨的中期过程作敏感性试验。结果表明,在初始场中,当印度洋~孟加拉湾高湿中心附近(100°E以西)的水汽减弱后,江淮雨量减少45%,且东亚夏季风环流减弱。若南海~西太平洋高湿中心附近(100°E以东)的水汽减弱时,则东亚夏季风环流反而加强,雨带移向华北。  相似文献   

13.
The relationships between the precipitation over East Asia (20°-45°N,110°-135°E) and the 30-60-day intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) over the Pacific during the boreal summer are studied in the paper.The daily wind and height fields of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,the 24-h precipitation data of 687 stations in China during 1958-2000,and the pentad precipitation of CMAP/NOAA from 1979 to 2002 are all analyzed by the space-time filter method.The analysis results,from every drought and flood summer in four different regions of East Asia respectively during 1958-2000,have shown that the flood (drought) in the East Asian summer monsoon region is absolutely companied with the strongly (weakly) westward propagations of ISO from the central-east Pacific,and depends little on the intensity changes of the East Asian summer monsoon. And the westward ISO is usually the low-frequency cyclones and anticyclones from the Bay of Alaska in northeastern Pacific and the Okhotsk in the northwestern Pacific of mid-high latitudes,and the ISO evolving in subtropical easterlies.In mid-high latitudes the phenomena are related to the westward propagating mid- ocean trough and the retreat of blocking high.Therefore the westward propagating ISO from the central-east Pacific to East Asia is indispensable for more rainfall occurring in East Asia in summer,which results from the long-wave adjustment process in the mid-high latitudes and ISO evolving in tropical easterlies.  相似文献   

14.
The spring persistent rains (SPR) over southeastern China (SEC) is a synoptic and climatic phenomenon that is unique in East Asia. Su cient evidence proves that it results from the mechanical and thermal effects of the giant Tibetan Plateau (TP), but its temporal span and spatial distribution are not clear at present.A climatological analysis of the NCEP/NCAR circulation and sensible heat data shows that at the 13th pentad of the solar year (1st pentad of March) there are remarkable increases in the sensible heating over the main and southeastern part of the TP, the southwesterly velocity over the southeastern flank of the TP and SEC, and rainfall over SEC, indicating the onset of the SPR.However, after the 27th pentad of the solar year (3rd pentad of May), these variables, except for the sensible heating over the main part of the TP, decrease rapidly. The ridge line of the subtropical high in the mid-low troposphere over the South China Sea (SCS) slopes northward instead of southward as before. The rain belt center over SEC shifts to the SCS and the SCS monsoon breaks out, indicating the end of the SPR. Hence, it is reasonable to define the SPR temporal span from the 13th to 27th pentad of the solar year. Data analysis and numerical sensitivity experiments show that, although the warm and cold airs converge at about 30°N in the SPR period, the distribution and intensity of the SPR rain belt are obviously in influenced by the topography of the Nanling and Wuyi Mountains (NWM). The mountains can block and lift cold and warm airs, strengthening frontogenesis and rainfall. As a result, the axis of the SPR rain belt is superposed over that of the mountain range. Accordingly, the spatial distribution of the SPR extends over most of the SEC, more speci cally, to the south of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (30°N), and to the east of 110°E.  相似文献   

15.
韩荣青  李维京  董敏 《气象学报》2006,64(2):149-163
用时空滤波和Morlet小波方法,分析了1958—2000年夏季东亚(20°—45°N,110°—135°E)不同纬带(由南到北分为4个区域)的降水分别与太平洋同一纬带上大气30—60 d振荡(ISO)沿纬圈传播的关系及其成因机制。发现太平洋上经向风ISO向西传播的强或弱,是东亚夏季风区降水偏多或偏少的必要条件。对逐年夏季的分析表明,无论当年东亚夏季风强与否,在所划分的几个东亚季风区所有涝的年份里,太平洋同一纬带上大气ISO向西传播都明显较强,而在这些区域绝大多数旱的年份里,相应的ISO向西传播明显较弱。进一步分析发现,经向风ISO的纬向传播对应着大气经向型环流系统的移动,向西传影响东亚夏季风区降水的ISO有来自低纬中东太平洋东风流中的低频气旋(如副热带东风带中ISO的演变);也有来自中高纬度阿拉斯加湾及鄂霍次克海一带低频低压(如洋中槽)和高压(如阻塞高压和东北太平洋高压)的向南向西频散。因此东亚夏季旱涝不但与热带季风有关,而且与中东太平洋副热带东风系统中ISO的向西传播、中高纬度长波调整时低频扰动向西南经北太平洋副热带的传播密切相关。  相似文献   

16.
The present study revealed that a climate regime shift occurred during the 1988–1991 period involving changes in tropical cyclone (TC) intensity (central pressure, maximum sustained wind speed) during the summer near 30°N in East Asia. Climatologically, TC intensity at 110°–125°E near 30°N (over Mainland China) is the weakest at that latitude while the strongest is found at 125°–130°E (over Korea). The TC intensity during the 1991–2015 (91–15) period had strengthened significantly compared to that of the 1965–1988 (65–88) period. The strengthening was due to a significantly lower frequency of TCs that passed through Mainland China during the 91–15 period. This lower frequency of was due to anomalous northeasterlies blown from the anomalous anticyclonic circulation located over continental East Asia and that had strengthened along the coast. Instead, TCs mainly followed a path from eastern regions in the subtropical western North Pacific to Korea and Japan via the East China Sea due to anomalous cyclonic circulations that had strengthened in the western North Pacific. In addition, low vertical wind shear had formed along the mid-latitude region in East Asia and along the main TC track in the 91–15 period, and most regions in the western North Pacific experienced a higher sea surface temperature state during the 91–15 period than in the previous period, indicating that a favorable environment had formed to maintain strong intensities of TCs at the mid–latitudes. The characteristics of TCs at the lower latitudes caused a strong TC intensity at the time of landfall in Korea and a gradual shifting trend of landing location from the western to southern coast in recent years.  相似文献   

17.
1998 SCSMEX期间亚洲30-60天低频振荡特征的分析   总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34  
对1998年 5-8月南海季风试验(SCSMEX)期间东亚地区 850 hPa中低纬环流指数、东亚季风指数和长江中下游降水进行了Morlet 小波分析,结果表明在此期间这些要素均有明显的30-60天周期低频振荡。在此基础上对 5-8月每隔 5天的 850 hPa低频流场进行分析,结果表明:(1)100°-150°E间东亚从中国东中部大陆经南海和西太平洋的南北半球中明显的存在一个以30-60天低频荡为特征的东亚季风低频环流系统,东亚季风活动主要受东亚季风系统中低频活动影响;(2)5月第5候南海热带季风爆发、6月中旬长江中下游人梅及产生大暴雨以及7月中旬以后的该地区大暴雨均与低频气旋带在该地区活动有关,而8月长江上游大暴雨则与低频反气旋伸人到大陆有关;(3)SCSMEX期间东亚低频振荡系统的源地有二个,即南海赤道和北半球中太平洋中高纬。南海低频系统向北传播,而中高纬低频系统自东北向西南传播为主。长江中下游6、7月二次大暴雨均与上述二个低频气旋系统自热带向北和中高纬向西南传播并于长江中下游汇合有关;(4)5-8月间东亚季风系统中有二次低频气旋带和二次低频反气旋带活动,这些低频环流系统的活动与印度季风低频环流系统活动并无明  相似文献   

18.
El Ni?o对东亚夏季风和夏季降水季节内变化的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
基于1979~2012年候平均再分析资料,合成分析了El Ni?o对东亚夏季风和夏季降水季节内变化的影响。结果表明,在El Ni?o衰减年夏季,西太平洋副热带高压(副高)明显偏强,位置偏向西南。副高的这种异常特征随夏季的季节进程有明显变化,初夏异常较弱,盛夏期间异常达到最强。此外,根据东亚夏季风降水呈现阶段式北进的特征,将夏季分为华南前汛期、江淮梅雨期、华北和东北雨期以及华南后汛期来分析东亚夏季风和降水的季节内变化。在上述各个时期,大气对流层低层表现为一致的环流异常型,副高及其以南区域为异常反气旋,其北部为异常气旋。这种异常环流型加强了副高南部偏东风及其北部偏北风,增强了热带水汽输送和高纬度地区冷空气的入侵,二者结合造成主汛期地区降水增加。需要强调的是,上述环流异常型随东亚夏季风逐步向北推移,导致东亚各地区的主汛期降水增加,非主汛期降水减少,降水分布更为集中。  相似文献   

19.
    
The wavelet analysis is performed of the mid- and low-latitude circulation index at 850 hPa over East Asia, the East Asian monsoon index and the precipitation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 1998 South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX) from May to August. Analysis shows that distinct 30–60 day low-frequency oscillation (LFO) exists in all of the above elements during the exper-iment period. Analysis of low-frequency wind field at 850 hPa from May to August with 5 days interval is performed in this paper. Analysis results reveal that: (1) A low-frequency monsoon circulation system over East Asia, characterized by distinct 30–60 day low-frequency oscillation, exists over 100°-150°E of East Asian area from the middle and eastern parts of China continent and the South China Sea to the western Pacific in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. The activity of East Asian monsoon is mainly af-fected by the low-frequency systems in it; (2) All of the tropical monsoon onset over the South China Sea in the fifth pentad of May, the beginning of the Meiyu period and heavy rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in mid-June and the heavy rainfall after mid-July are related to the activity of low-frequency cyclone belt over the region, whereas the torrential rainfall over the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in August is associated with the westward propagation of low-frequency anticyclone into the mainland; (3) There are two sources of low-frequency oscillation system over East Asia during SCSMEX. i.e. the equatorial South China Sea (SCS) and mid-high latitudes of the middle Pacific in the Northern Hemisphere. The low-frequency system over SCS propagates northward while that in mid-high latitudes mainly propagates from northeast to southwest. Both of the heavy rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in June and July are associated with the northward propagation of the above-mentioned SCS low-frequency systems from the tropical region and the southwestward propagation from mid-high latitudes respectively and their convergence in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; (4) There are two activities of low-frequency cyclone and anticyclone belt each in the East Asian monsoon system during May to August. However the activity of these low-frequency circulation systems is not clearly relevant to the low-frequency circulation system in the Indian monsoon system. This means that the low-frequency circulation systems in Indian monsoon and East Asian monsoon are independent of each other. The concept previously put forward by Chinese scholars that the East Asian monsoon circulation sys-tem (EAMCS) is relatively independent monsoon circulation system is testified once more in the summer 1998. This work was supported by the key project A of the State Ministry of Science and Technology “South China Sea Monsoon Experiment” and the fruit of it.  相似文献   

20.
By using the ECMWF reanalysis daily data and daily precipitation data of 80 stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2002, the impacts of moisture transport of East Asian summer monsoon on the summer precipitation anomaly in Northeast China, and the relationship between the variation of moisture budget and the establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this region are studied. The results demonstrate that the moisture of summer precipitation in Northeast China mainly originates from subtropical, South China Sea, and South Asia monsoon areas. East China and its near coastal area are the convergent region of the monsoonal moisture currents and the transfer station for the currents continually moving northward. The monsoonal moisture transport, as an important link or bridge, connects the interaction between middle and low latitude systems. In summer half year, there is a moisture sink in Northeast China where the moisture influx is greater than outflux. The advance transport and accumulation of moisture are of special importance to pentad time scale summer precipitation. The onset, retreat, and intensity change of the monsoonal rainy season over Northeast China are mainly signified by the moisture input condition along the southern border of this area. The establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this area ranges from about 10 July to 20 August and the onset in the west is earlier than that in the east. The latitude that the monsoon can reach is gradually northward from west to east, reaching 50°N within longitude 120°-135°E. In summer, the difference of air mass transport between summers with high and low rainfall mainly lies in whether more air masses originating from lower latitudes move northward through East China and its coastal areas, consequently transporting large amounts of hot and humid air into Northeast China.  相似文献   

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