碱性模式氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中的痕量硒

土壤样品经王水分解，转化成HCl溶液，再用NaOH溶液调至碱性，样品溶液首先与KBH4混合，然后与酸作用完成氢化物发生，用原子荧光光谱法测定样品中的痕量硒。方法检出限为0.01μg/g。线性范围为1－200μg/L，样品中硒的含量为0.082μg/g和0.34μg/g时，RSD（n=12)分别为4.9%和2.9%。方法经土壤国家一级标准物质中硒的测定验证，结果与标准值相符。     

氢化物-原子荧光法快速测定化探样品中微量硒和碲

在沸水浴中用王水分解样品，以盐酸为还原剂，三价铁盐为干扰元素抑制剂（一般化探样品均含有铁，故无须另外加入），直接用氢化物一原子荧光光谱法测定化探样品中微量硒和碲。方法检出下限分别为：LD（Se）=0．1ng／L；LD（Te）=0．01ng／L。方法准确、简便、快速，可满足大批量化探样品中微量硒和碲的测定要求。用本分析方法测定不同基体成分的六个国家级化探标样中的硒、碲，测定结果与标准值基本一致，8次测定的标准偏差（RSD）分别为RSD（Se）=6．6％～9．5％，RSD（Te）=3．6％～8．4％。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定植物样品中汞硒砷

植物样品经硝酸-高氯酸一次湿法消解后,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定汞、硒、砷。测定时加入消泡剂磷酸三丁酯,可有效消除泡沫,降低记忆效应,提高精密度。方法精密度(RSD,n=12)为汞2.96%,硒0.96%,砷2.49%。经加标回收试验和国家一级标准物质验证,测定结果与标准值吻合。     

悬浮液进样-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中痕量砷锑硒

在原子荧光光谱法传统样品前处理的基础上，提出了悬浮液进样技术。用琼脂作为悬浮剂，水溶液作为校正曲线，对土壤标准样品和实际样品进行测定，结果令人满意，并且省去了冗长的样品化学前处理过程。检出限分别为砷0．33μg／L、锑0．13μg／L、硒0．06μg／L；相对标准偏差分别为：砷3．92％～6．32％、锑1．76％～3．11％、硒3．08％～5．54％；回收率分别为砷98．7％～105．7％、锑99．5％-103．3％和硒94．6％-107．2％。国家一级标准物质的测定结果与标准值相符，实际样品的测定值与传统消化法相比较，结果基本一致。     

碘量法快速测定电解金属锰中硒

采用在HCl介质中定量加入Na2S2O3溶液，用淀粉作指示剂，过量的Na2S2O3以碘标准溶液进行滴定，间接测定电解金属锰中的硒。方法的加标回收率为92．5％-107．5％，对w（Se）=0．078％的样品进行10次测定的RSD为3．02％，用于实际样品测定，结果与国标法相符。     

氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定地质样中的痕量硒--不同溶样方式的比较

以确定测试基性岩中痕量硒的最佳溶样方式为目的,分别采用加压（PTFE）强酸消解和常压强酸消解两种方法消解标准参考物质和地质样品,直接用氢化物原子荧光光谱法（HG-AFS）测定。实验选用标准参考物质GWB07105、GWB07107对方法准确度和精确度进行验证,所测得总硒量与推荐值相符,标准偏差（SD）小于7．3ng／g,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于8．9％。实验测定了5个硒含量不同的岩石样品,不同方法所测数据基本一致。样品的均匀性在一定程度上影响痕量硒的测定结果。综合评价比较二者的测定结果,可知加压（PTFE）强酸消解（硝酸＋硫酸＋氢氟酸）为最佳溶样方式。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法直接测定多金属矿中的硒和碲

用硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸分解多金属矿物样品,在6 mol/L盐酸介质中,以Fe3+盐为减缓剂,直接在双道原子荧光光度计上同时测定多金属矿中硒和碲。该方法用同一混合酸一次分解样品,不经分离富集,同时测定硒和碲,过程简单快捷,适合于批量样品的检测。将样品与标准曲线同时分解至冒高氯酸白烟,从而准确地测定多金属矿物样品中硒和碲的含量。方法检出限为硒0.032μg/g,碲0.023μg/g;方法精密度(RSD,n=8)为硒<4.0%,碲<7.0%。经国家一级标准物质GBW 07283、GBW 07233、GBW 07234验证,硒和碲的测定值与标准值吻合。     

河西走廊棘豆毒草中的硒及其与牲畜中毒关系研究

河西走廊地区草原生态环境，棘豆等毒草泛滥成灾，导致大量牲畜中毒死亡。棘豆毒草导致的牲畜中毒症状与历史上马可波罗记载的古代肃州牲畜毒草中毒症状及其相似。为了确定马可波罗所记载的肃州牲畜毒草中毒是否与硒有关，本项研究对河西走廊地区主要草原畜牧区肃南县草原发育的棘豆属植物及其土壤中的硒进行了测定，测定结果表明：土壤硒含量平均值为 0．205± 0．173m g／kg，与世界平均土壤硒含量相近。棘豆属植物小花棘豆根、茎叶的硒平均含量分别为 0．112±0．038m g／kg（0．052～0．174m g／kg），0．102±0．027m g／kg（0．066～0．158 m g／kg）；黄花棘豆全株硒平均含量为 0．066±0．009m g／kg（0．058～0．078m g／kg），种子硒：0．107m g／kg。可见该区棘豆属毒草硒含量远低于能导致一般动物中毒的 3 m g／kg植物硒含量。根据肃南县棘豆毒草发育的地理位置、牲畜中毒症状调查及其硒含量测定的结果，本文认为马可波罗所记载的中国西部肃州牲畜毒草中毒是棘豆属毒草中毒，其主要毒素成分不是硒。     

高压密闭罐溶样-氢化物原子荧光法测定环境样品中的硒

使用浓HNO3 HF混合液和浓HNO3液分别在高压密闭罐中消解土壤、沉积物、岩石和植物样品,6 mol/L HCL加热还原样品后用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定样品中的硒.使用该法对土壤标准参考物质GSS-4、GSS-5、GSS-6、GSS-7和植物标准GSV-1、GSV-3进行了分析,硒的测定结果与推荐值一致.加标回收实验的回收率在98.0%～101.4%,平均为99.8%.实测样品中的硒与中子活化分析(NAA)和氢化物-多接受杯质谱计(HG-MC-ICP- MS)的分析结果基本一致,表明该法平行样的重现性好,分析速度快,提高了硒分析的准确度和分析精度.     

氢化物原子荧光法测定含铀岩石中微量硒

本文介绍了氢化物原子荧光法测定含铀岩石中微量硒的方法。测定下限为０．０１μｇ／ｇ，测量精度（２×１０－７）ＲＳＤ为６．６３％。方法灵敏度高、快速、操作简便。本方法也适用于一般岩石样品中微量硒的测定。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)