辽宁省农村民居抗震性能分析研究

本文以建筑物结构、建筑年代、地基类型及现状等几个方面,系统地统计分析了辽宁省农村民居的现状。基于统计分析方法,对辽宁省的农村民居抗震性能及空间分布状况进行了分析研究,并给出了辽宁地区农村民居防震减灾对策与建议。     

甘东南农村民居抗震性能现状调查与分析

为了解甘东南地区农村民居抗震性能现状,分析农村民居抗震薄弱环节,从而科学、合理地提高农村民居的抗震能力.结合当地调研资料数据,对甘东南地区农村民居进行现场调查,获取民居各类属性数据,划分甘东南民居主要结构类型及其分布特征与所占比例,针对不同类型的民居结构,对其进行抗震性能评价,分析其抗震薄弱环节及潜在危害.研究区现存五种典型房屋结构类型:土木结构、砖木结构、砖混结构、木架结构和窑洞,以前三种结构类型为主,其中有抗震构造措施的新建砖混结构和砖木结构抗震性能最佳,木架结构、老旧砖混结构和砖木结构次之,土木结构和窑洞抗震性能最差.研究结果对提高甘东南地区农村民居的抗震设防水平具有科学参考价值,也可为其他地区农村民居抗震性能的提升提供参考依据.     

甘肃省农村民居抗震设防现状与地震安全农居示范工程对策

本文根据甘肃省农村社会经济发展和地震环境特征,简要分析了甘肃农村民居主要建筑结构类型和抗震性能,结合近10多年来破坏性地震资料,总结了农村民居主要震害特点,提出了实施甘肃省农村民居地震安全工程的对策与措施。     

广州市农居建筑物现状及抗震能力分析

根据2008年广州市的农居普查资料,从建筑物结构、建筑年代、建筑物的设防情况等几个方面,系统地分析了广州市农村民居的现状。并通过建立简单的群体农居抗震性能指数模型,对广州市各区的农村民居抗震性能进行了估算,并给出了农村民居防震减灾对策与建议。     

广西南部农村群体建筑抗震能力评价

广西近年来陆续发生3次5级以上中强地震,给当地农村建筑造成不同程度的破坏。为掌握广西南部地区农村民居抗震能力现状,对广西3个市中的6个县(区) 12个村122栋农村房屋开展了抗震能力详细抽样调查。本文分析了调查区不同结构类型建筑比例和现状,指出农村房屋在抗震设计、构造和施工中存在的不足,利用改进的区域房屋抗震能力快速评价方法,对各个村的总体建筑抗震能力进行评价,提出增强房屋抗震性能的意见和建议。结果显示：2个村的总体房屋抗震能力为“较强”;10个村为“一般”。     

钦州市建筑物抗震性能普查及震害预测分析

通过对钦州市主城区建筑物开展抗震性能普查,摸清了钦州市主城区重要建筑、民用群体建筑和普通民居的抗震性能状况,对建筑物抗震性能进行了分级评定,找出了城市建筑抗震薄弱区.采用PKPM有限元结构分析软件对重要建筑中的砖混结构建筑进行了震害预测分析,最后总结了钦州市主城区建筑物抗震性能存在问题并给出了建议.     

江苏省农村民居抗震措施与加固方法研究

本文通过对常熟市、扬州市、姜堰市和邳州市部分村镇的农村民居抗震措施基本情况进行调查和分析,阐述了江苏省农村民居结构类型、集中住宅区建设、抗震性能的典型问题等,提出了江苏省农村民居经济、合理、有效的加固方法和改善抗震性能的具体措施。     

湖北农村民居抗震性能调查与分析

农村民居由于严重缺乏抗震设防技术,村民缺乏抗震防灾意识以及缺乏抗震设防政策的监管,地震发生时会造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失。"小震致灾"、"大震大灾"是我国农村地震灾害的显著特点。汶川地震的教训让我们深刻认识到这一问题的重要性与紧迫性。本文通过对湖北农村民居建筑结构、抗震性能以及居民抗震意识的调查,揭示了湖北农村民居的结构特点和抗震性能现状,对当前湖北农村建筑抗震设防存在的问题及对策进行了分析。     

江苏省农村民居集中住宅区房屋抗震性能探讨

本文通过对常熟市、扬州市、姜堰市部分村镇的农村民居集中住宅区房屋建设进行调查和分析,阐述了江苏省农村民居集中住宅区房屋抗震性能的新型结构类型、斜坡屋面结构、内部结构等典型问题,探讨了改善农村民居集中住宅区房屋抗震性能的政策保证、技术支持、资金来源以及其他方面的途径和建议,对农村民居集中住宅区防震减灾及抗震实用化技术的研究与开发具有重要应用价值,为农村民居集中住宅区建设中改善房屋抗震性能提供参考和依据。     

张家口西部山区农村民居抗震性能调查与分析

张家口西部地区位于晋冀蒙交界区,该地区地形以山地为主,在1998年张北6.2级地震中农村房屋曾遭受严重破坏。对张家口西部山区农村民居的抗震性能进行调查,分析农村民居土坯拱窑洞、土木结构、砖木结构的特点,并依据建筑年代将农村民居划分为传统民居和当代民居,统计发现,建筑年代较老的传统民居仍然占相当比例。通过分析房屋建筑结构特点,给出本区农村民居缺少考虑地形效应和局部场地条件,门窗开洞大,硬山搁檩、穿靴戴帽和两重皮现象普遍存在的抗震薄弱环节,并针对薄弱环节提出具体对策与建议,以期提高该地区的抗震设防能力。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases