滇中新元古代澄江组层型剖面锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

澄江组是华南新元古代地层中的重要地层单元之一,其确切沉积时限对于建立和完善华南新元古代区域地层格架具有关键意义。对滇中澄江组层型剖面顶部的凝灰岩夹层进行高精度SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年研究,获得3组有效的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄值,其分别为(819±14)Ma(MSWD=0.15)、(781±11)Ma(MSWD=0.24)和(725±11)Ma(MSWD=0.65)。其中,最年轻的一组年龄值(725±11)Ma被解释为澄江组顶部凝灰岩夹层的形成时间,可以代表滇中澄江组的顶界年龄,从而进一步确认澄江组的沉积时限为800～725 Ma。结合相关研究资料,证实澄江组与开建桥组、莲沱组的沉积时限基本相当,三者与下冰期长安组不存在对比关系,而应与冰期前板溪群的上部进行对比。此外,推测两组年龄值较老的锆石可能是与新元古代罗迪尼亚(Rodinia)超大陆裂解有关的幕式岩浆活动的记录。     

内蒙古苏尼特左旗二叠系的重新厘定及大地构造演化分析

探讨了苏尼特左旗地区二叠系地层单元的划分与时代归属,认为该区二叠系地层应包含大石寨组,哲斯组与林西组底部,重新厘定了该区二叠系剖面序列。通过对大石寨组火山岩岩石化学、稀土元素的分析,认为大石寨组所处的大地构造环境为活动大陆边缘,中朝板块与西伯利亚板块的最终汇聚时期应为早二叠世中期。     

Late Ordovician to early Silurian calc-alkaline magmatism in the Xiemisitai Mountains,northern West Junggar: a response to the subduction of the Junggar-Balkhash Ocean

Basement exposed in the Placer de Guadalupe–Plomosas uplift in northern Mexico provides important clues for the geologic evolution of the region. The stratigraphic units form stacked thrust sheets of psammitic and calcareous formations, interlayered with magmatic rock. The eastern calcareous and quartzite formations exhibit structures associated with ductile deformation, whereas the upper stratigraphic units only contain structures formed via younger brittle deformation. Porphyry interlayered in the upper Plomosas Formation has a U-Pb zircon age of 171 ± 1 Ma. This age is consistent with its stratigraphic position, interbedded quartzarenites with a maximum depositional age of ~168 Ma. Granite flakes within the Horquilla Formation are dated at 209 ± 3 Ma, and the La Viñata quartzite exhibits a maximum age of ~193 Ma. The Upper Plomosas Formation correlates well with the arc-related Middle Jurassic Nazas Formation of northeastern Mexico, constituting the first report of a Jurassic continental margin arc outcrop in the ‘Central Mexican Gap zone’. We document Late Norian to Bajocian ages for the stratigraphic units cropping out in the Placer de Guadalupe area. The Jurassic age cluster indicates that the Nazas Arc magmatism in the region occurred during the Late Triassic and ended in the Middle Jurassic times. Permian ages previously assigned to these rocks and the occurrence of a Permo–Triassic deformation event have to be dismissed.     

新疆南天山库尔干一带泥盆纪—早石炭世放射虫组合的发现

新疆南天山库尔干南阿尔腾柯斯组硅质岩地层中发现了丰富的保存良好的放射虫化石，共计21属34种，11个未定种，1个未定种属。研究表明，两个样品的放射虫组合时代分别为中-晚泥盆世和早石炭世。中-晚泥盆世放射虫组合的发现，丰富了库车地区泥盆纪放射虫生物群组合，为确定阿尔腾柯斯组的时代奠定了生物化石依据。结合前人对该组生物化石的研究，该组为跨时代岩石地层单元，应予解体。而具有早泥盆世-晚石炭世放射虫硅质岩的深水海相沉积地层为古南天山洋盆的演化过程提供了地层学证据。     

新疆南天山库尔干一带泥盆纪-早石炭世放射虫组合的发现

新疆南天山库尔干南阿尔腾柯斯组硅质岩地层中发现了丰富的保存良好的放射虫化石,共计21属34种,11个未定种,1个未定种属。研究表明,两个样品的放射虫组合时代分别为中—晚泥盆世和早石炭世。中—晚泥盆世放射虫组合的发现,丰富了库车地区泥盆纪放射虫生物群组合,为确定阿尔腾柯斯组的时代奠定了生物化石依据。结合前人对该组生物化石的研究,该组为跨时代岩石地层单元,应予解体。而具有早泥盆世—晚石炭世放射虫硅质岩的深水海相沉积地层为古南天山洋盆的演化过程提供了地层学证据。     

The Triassic of Timor: Lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy and palaeogeography

The palaeontologically rich and lithologically diverse Triassic successions of Timor provide a key stratigraphic and palaeontological link between northwestern Australia and other terranes of former eastern Gondwana (present-day Southeast Asia). Timor is now located in the zone of collision between the northern margin of the Australian continent and island arc terranes bordering the Eurasian plate, with the Triassic successions exposed in a fold-and-thrust belt and an extensive mélange complex. Three formal lithostratigraphic units have been defined previously within the main Triassic succession in Timor (Niof, Aitutu and Babulu formations), with a fourth, the Wai Luli Formation, primarily Jurassic in age but extending down into the Triassic. The Niof Formation (Anisian to Ladinian, possibly also Early Triassic) is a fine-grained deepwater succession, succeeded conformably by the Aitutu and Babulu formations (Ladinian to Norian/Rhaetian), which were deposited contemporaneously, with the Aitutu Formation continuing locally into the Lower Jurassic. The Aitutu Formation consists of deep shelf limestones interbedded with shales and marls, while the Babulu Formation is a deltaic to turbiditic siliciclastic succession. The Late Triassic to Jurassic Wai Luli Formation is characterised by marine shales and marls.Informal stratigraphic units include the Cephalopod Limestone Facies, a Rosso Ammonitico-type deposit, which contains an extremely rich fossil fauna (particularly ammonoids) and ranges through the entire Triassic; and the Fatu Limestone and Pualaca Facies which consists of shallow to marginal marine carbonates (mud mounds, oolitic limestones and reefs) restricted to the Late Triassic. Facies diversity was low during the Early Triassic and Anisian, but became more pronounced from the Ladinian and continuing through the Late Triassic, probably as a consequence of renewed tectonic extension. Triassic extension was not associated with major volcanism, unlike a previous phase of extension in the Early Permian.The Cablac Limestone Formation, originally defined as a Miocene stratigraphic element, is now recognised to be at least partly Late Triassic–Early Jurassic in age, with lithologies comparable to parts of the Fatu Limestone. The stratigraphy of these shallow marine carbonate sequences is clearly in need of rigorous revision, but it is not yet possible to suggest appropriate redefined formations.     

南秦岭大巴山地区的下震旦统及前震旦系

对南秦岭大巴山地区紧邻城口—房县深断裂北侧的一套碎屑岩及沉积火山碎屑岩的地层剖面特征进行了描述,探讨了地层划分及时代归属,依据岩性特征及地层接触关系,从上至下划分为下震旦统木座组、代安河组及前震旦系龙潭河组。     

内蒙古阿拉善北部好比如地区下石炭统好比如组时代修订及其地质意义

内蒙古阿拉善北部好比如地区地层研究程度较低,好比如组时代久有争议,制约了该区地层层序、沉积建造及构造演化的深入研究。测得好比如地区原定为早石炭世的好比如组碎屑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb最小峰值年龄为279Ma,火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为270.3±2.2Ma,时代应修订为早二叠世空谷期—中二叠世罗德期。结合区域上岩性特征、地层对比及锆石年龄谱对比,将好比如组中段修订为船山统隆林阶—罗甸阶埋汗哈达组(P1-2m),将其上段修订为阳新统祥播阶—冷坞阶阿其德组(P2a)。好比如组的时代修订为研究区晚古生代地层层序、沉积建造及构造演化的研究提供了新的依据。     

Sequence stratigraphic evolution of The post-rift MEGASEQUENCE in The northern part of The Nile Delta basin,Egypt

The stratigraphic succession of the subsurface Pliocene-Quaternary post-rift megasequence in the north-central part of the Nile Delta includes the rock units; Kafr El-Sheikh Formation (Early-Middle Pliocene), El- Wastani Formation (Late Pliocene), Mit-Ghamr and Bilqas formations (Quaternary). These rock units were analyzed according to the sequence stratigraphic principles to construct their stratigraphic architecture and discuss the depositional events influencing their evolution. Accordingly, seven 3rd order depositional sequences were encountered, of which six 3rd order seismic depositional sequences (sequences 1–6) are found in the Early–Middle Pliocene Kafr El-Sheikh Formation, whereas sequence-7 includes the Quaternary rock units. Sequences 1 and 7 were further subdivided, on the basis of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy into 8 and 11 4th order subsequences respectively. The results of the sequence stratigraphic analyses suggested that the depositional evolution of the examined Pliocene-Quaternary megasequence represents a complete prograding depositional phase during the Nile Delta history. The lower part of Kafr El-Sheikh Formation (sequences 1, 2, 3 and 4) was deposited as a thick outer marine shelf succession over which the younger rock units were deposited. However, the depositional sequences 5 & 6 of Kafr El-Sheikh Formation and the lower parts of El-Wastani Formations may indicate a deposition within active prograding prodelta sub-aqueous deltaic-subenvironments. The upper parts of El-Wastani Formation were deposited as a constructive delta-front pushing its way northward. The Pleistocene Mit-Ghamr Formation was evolved as a direct result of a huge fluvial input, organized as coalescing laterally extensive sand-rich bars. These were laid-down by active fluvial distributary streams that dominated the delta plain as the final phases of the present deltaic subaqueous environments.     

Debatable aspects of initial human colonization of Siberia and age of the Karama site in the Altai Mountains

Debatable aspects of age, stratigraphic position, and natural conditions of the oldest stratified Early Paleolithic Karama site in the Altai Mountains are critically revised. The extensive geological, stratigraphic, and paleontological data allow the sufficiently well-substantiated assumption that accumulation of the Karama Formation and existence of the Early Paleolithic Karama site correspond to a long period of climate warming in the Early Pleistocene correlated with the Tiglian of northwestern Europe lasting from 2.23 to 1.59 Ma. The age model proposed for the formation of the Quaternary sequence in the Anui River valley, which includes the artifact-containing deposits of the Karama site, seems to be the most probable one proceeding from interpretation of available data on the geological structure, stratigraphy, paleomagnetism, and paleontological and lithological properties of Upper Cenozoic sequences observable both in the Anui River valley and in Siberian areas adjacent to the Altai mountainous region.     

扬子北缘大洪山地区中元古代打鼓石群碎屑锆石年代学及其地质意义

扬子陆块出露了较多前南华纪地层和岩浆岩,碎屑沉积岩中保存的碎屑锆石对限定地层沉积时代、示踪沉积物源和反演早期大陆构造演化具有重要意义.通过对扬子北缘大洪山地区中元古代打鼓石群碎屑锆石年代学的研究,结果显示李家咀组最年轻的锆石年龄为1 250±64 Ma,主要峰值为2 078 Ma、2 437 Ma、2 659 Ma和3 084 Ma附近;罗汉岭组最年轻锆石年龄为1 077±51 Ma,主要峰值为1 126 Ma、2 044 Ma、2 458 Ma和2 635 Ma附近.根据结果认为:李家咀组的沉积时代在1 250±64 Ma与1 126 Ma之间,罗汉岭组沉积时代晚于1 077±51 Ma,可以确定打鼓石群的沉积时代为中元古代.另外,通过对打鼓石群、神农架群、会理群和东川群的碎屑锆石统计频谱特征的对比分析,发现在扬子陆块不同地区出露的中元古代地层,具有明显不同的锆石年谱特征,反映了各地层单元的物源差异很大,在中元古时期应分属不同的地块,经历了中-新元古代构造演化,才逐渐拼合成统一的扬子陆块基底.      

Stratigraphic relations and habitat of the Bende fish teeth,southeastern Nigeria

The age and habitat of the Bende fish fossils have remained a matter of controversy with interpretations ranging between the Paleocene Imo Formation and the Eocene Ameki Formation. Outcrop-based sequence stratigraphic analysis presented in this work shows that the Imo and Ameki Formations together include three laterally extensive estuarine central basin/offshore mud rock units that are associated with the 59.7, 58.1, and the 56.8 ma maximum flooding surfaces, respectively. Field evidence and stratigraphic analysis show that the Bende fossil bones are hosted by the mud rock unit containing the 58.1 ma maximum flooding surface, while the Ameke bone fossils are contained within the condensed section associated with the 56.8 ma maximum flooding surface. Apart from highlighting the relevance of sequence stratigraphy in paleobiological interpretations, this study shows that the Bende fish fauna which Arua first assigned to the Eocene Ameki Formation indeed belongs to the Paleocene Imo Formation.     

Provenance of late Paleoproterozoic cover sequences in the central Gawler Craton: exploring stratigraphic correlations in eastern Proterozoic Australia using detrital zircon ages,Hf and Nd isotopic data

Provenance data from Paleoproterozoic and possible Archean sedimentary units in the central eastern Gawler Craton in southern Australia form part of a growing dataset suggesting that the Gawler Craton shares important basin formation and tectonic time lines with the adjacent Curnamona Province and the Isan Inlier in northern Australia. U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from the Eba Formation, previously mapped as the Paleoproterozoic Tarcoola Formation, yields exclusively Archean ages (ca 3300–2530 Ma), which are consistent with evolved whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf isotopic data. The absence of Paleoproterozoic detrital grains in a number of sequences (including the Eba Formation), despite the proximity of voluminous Paleoproterozoic rock units, suggests that the Eba Formation may be part of a Neoarchean or early Paleoproterozoic cover sequence derived from erosion of a multi-aged Archean source region. The ca 1715 Ma Labyrinth Formation, unconformably overlying the Eba Formation, shares similar depositional timing with other basin systems in the Gawler Craton and the adjacent Curnamona Province. Detrital zircon ages in the Labyrinth Formation range from Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic, and are consistent with derivation from >1715 Ma components of the Gawler Craton. Zircon Hf and whole-rock Nd isotopic data also suggest a source region with a mixed crustal evolution (ε_Nd –6 to –4.5), consistent with what is known about the Gawler Craton. Compared with the lower Willyama Supergroup in the adjacent Curnamona Province, the Labyrinth Formation has a source more obviously reconcilable with the Gawler Craton. Stratigraphically overlying the Eba and Labyrinth Formations is the 1656 Ma Tarcoola Formation. Zircon Hf and whole-rock Nd isotopic data indicate that the Tarcoola Formation was sourced from comparatively juvenile rocks (ε_Nd –4.1 to + 0.5). The timing of Tarcoola Formation deposition is similar to the juvenile upper Willyama Supergroup, further strengthening the stratigraphic links between the Gawler and Curnamona domains. Additionally, the Tarcoola Formation is similar in age to extensive units in the Mt Isa and Georgetown regions in northern Australia, also shown to be isotopically juvenile. These juvenile sedimentary rocks contrast with the evolved underlying sequences and hint at the existence of a large-scale ca 1650 Ma juvenile basin system in eastern Proterozoic Australia.     

辽宁北部秀水盆地秀D1井孢粉组合及其地层意义

孢粉化石采自辽宁省北部秀水盆地的秀D1井,分析、鉴定和系统研究结果表明,来自秀D1井井深62.1~1089.7m的孢粉化石自下而上划分为3个孢粉组合,下部孢粉组合(井深703.85~1089.7m)以Osmundacidites-Klukisporites-Podocarpidites为代表,地质时代为晚侏罗世堤塘期(Tithonian),中部孢粉组合(井深381.5~699.3m)以Densoisporites-Cicatricosisporites-Piceaepollenites为代表,地质时代为早白垩世贝里阿斯期(Berriassian),上部孢粉组合(井深62.1~339m)以Cicatricosisporites-Impardecispora-Pinuspollenites为代表,地质时代为早白垩世凡兰吟期—欧特里夫期(Valanginian-Hauterivian)。秀D1井钻遇地层所含孢粉组合特征在区域上可以与冀北地区大北沟组,辽宁西部地区下白垩统义县组、九佛堂组,松辽盆地东南缘下白垩统火石岭组、沙河子组所产的孢粉组合对比。含孢粉组合地层时代的确定解决了井柱地层的划分,以及与区域地层的对比关系,同时为区域地层古生物研究提供了翔实的基础资料。     

Rift–Related Sediments of the Passive Continental Margin of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (Baikal Segment)

The geological position, composition, and age of detrital zircons of sedimentary deposits of the Nugan Formation of the Western Baikal region underlying the Golousta Formation of the Baikal series of Ediacaran age have been studied. The formation of both stratigraphic units due to the same sources of detrital material, located within the southern flank of the Siberian Craton, has been proved. The deposits of the Nugan Formation have been demonstrated to mark the rifting stage of the formation of the passive margin of the Paleo-Asiatic Ocean: their accumulation occurred in the Late Cryogenian during the interval 720–640 Ma.     

论河北承德上谷早侏罗世南大岭组

利用最新资料描述了承德上谷南大岭组四个实测剖面的地层层序,岩性岩石组合,沉积构造等特征,厘定了南大岭组含义为一套中基性火山岩系,其间的沉积岩系作为非正式填图单位,证实了火山岩系与沉积系在空间上呈指状交互关系,根据植物化石确定南大岭组中时代为早侏罗世,论述火山岩岩石学,岩石化学特征。     

Geochronology and geochemistry of the Devonian Gumbardo Formation (Adavale Basin): evidence for cratonisation of the Central Thomson Orogen by the Early Devonian

Abstract

The Devonian subsurface Adavale Basin occupies a central position in the Paleozoic central Thomson Orogen of eastern Australia and records its tectonic setting during this time interval. Here, we have focussed on the basal volcanics of the Gumbardo Formation to clarify the tectonic setting of the basin. The approach has been to undertake stratigraphic logging, LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon geochronology and whole-rock geochemical analysis. The data indicate that basin initiation was rapid occurring at ca 401?Ma. The volcanic rocks are dominated by K-feldspar phyric rhyodacitic ignimbrites. The whole-rock geochemical data indicate little evidence for extensive fractional crystallisation, with the volcanic suite resembling the composition of the upper continental crust and exhibiting transitional I- to A-type tectonomagmatic affinities. One new U–Pb zircon age revealed an Early Ordovician emplacement age for a volcanic rock previously interpreted to be part of the Early Devonian Gumbardo Formation, and older basement age is consistent with seismic interpretations of uplifted basement in this region of the western Adavale Basin. Five ignimbrites dated from different stratigraphic levels within the formation yield similar emplacement ages with a pooled weighted age of 398.2?±?1.9?Ma (mean square weighted deviation?=?0.94, n?=?93). Significant zircon inheritance in the volcanic rocks records reworking of Ordovician and Silurian silicic igneous basement from the Thomson Orogen and provides insight into the crustal make-up of the Thomson Orogen. Collectively, the new data presented here suggest the Adavale Basin is a cover-type basin that developed on a stabilised Thomson Orogen after the major Bindian deformation event in the late Silurian.     

Buchia faunas and biostratigraphy of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary deposits in the Komsomolsk section (Russian Far East)

Abundant Buchiidae (Bivalvia) from the Upper Volgian-Lower Valanginian sediments of the Northern Sikhote-Alin (Russian Far East) were studied in the key section at right bank of the Amur River opposite to Komsomolsk-on Amur. The analysis of the Buchiidae stratigraphic distribution in the section allowed us to reveal the sequence of Buchia-bearing beds: this is well correlated with the Buchia zonal scales of many Arctic regions. Here, from the base upward, there have been recognized the following: beds with Buchia terebratuloides, beds with B. unschensis and B. terebratuloides, beds with B. volgensis, and beds with B. inflata and B. keyserlingi. The beds with B. unschensis and B. terebratuloides also yielded the Berriasian ammonite Pseudosubplanites? sp. of Tethyan affinity. The obtained paleontological data confirm the occurrence of a large syncline in the studied section. The data also permit one to refine the age spans of the local stratigraphic units.     

The Kantemirovka Paleogene reference section of the Voronezh region

The section on the outskirts of the town of Kantemirovka is proposed to serve as a reference one for Paleogene deposits of the Voronezh region. Observing the requirements of the current Stratigraphic Code of Russia, it is suggested to introduce the Middle Eocene Sergeevka and Tishki formations, which were defined previously by V.P. Semenov as mappable lithostratigraphic units instead of the Kiev Formation (regional stage) in the Paleogene stratigraphic scale of Ukraine, into the regional Paleogene stratigraphic scale of the Voronezh anteclise. The structure of the Sergeevka Formation and hypostratotype of the Tishki Formation defined in this section are considered with the analysis of the distribution of nannofossils, foraminifers, and diatoms in corresponding deposits. Benthic and planktonic foraminifers are used for defining regional biostratigraphic units, which are correlated between each other, with zones of the standard stratigraphic nannofossil scale, and units of the Middle Eocene Kiev regional stage of northern Ukraine. The boundary between the formations under consideration is universally marked by the replacement of carbonate sediments by terrigenous?siliceous facies, disappearance of calcareous fossils, and development of a new biota. These features allow the boundary between these formations to be conditionally correlated with that between the Keresta and Kuma regional stages of the North Caucasus region.     

东川、滇中地区中元古代地层格架

东川、滇中地区是上扬子陆块出露元古代地层最广泛的地区,但露头又断续分布在不同的地点.由于缺乏古生物及年龄资料,在不同地区多以岩性进行地层划分与对比,而出现了"正层"与"倒层"观点之分歧.通过对东川及滇中地区地层中所夹的火山岩年龄测试及重要界面的观察与研究,发现东川地区黑山组凝灰岩中锆石U-PbSHRIMP年龄为1503...