区域地震地质灾害损失分析系统的开发

介绍基于地理信息系统（GIS）的区域地震地质灾害损失分析系统的开发。顾及不同用户的需求，资料搜集精度可调以适应不同经济水平，设计一组可以模拟减灾效果的功能模块，发展了基于反应谱的建筑物破坏模型，并考虑了场地条件对地震动的影响。     

武汉地区的新构造运动与区域稳定性评价

武汉地区位于江汉沉降区东部,东北侧,东南侧分别与淮阳弧形构造和幕阜山弧形构造毗连,新构造早期变动比较激烈,并产生了多种构造变动类型,断裂活动也比较强烈。新构造晚期,各种迹象表明,构造变动比较平稳,断裂活动也不明显,但仍存在着发生5级左右地震的背景,而且高漫滩、泛滥平原的地基基础较差,烈度可提高1—2度。     

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GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究

以丽江Ms7.0地震和昆仑山Ms8.1级地震为例,论证了GPS在地震预报中的作用,以及面临的和亟待解决的问题:如分析研究落后于观测、怎样克服自身的局限性与其它手段结合互补、连续GPS台网密度太稀疏等。     

地震烈度应急遥感评估研究与应用进展

地震烈度是地震引起的地面震动及其影响强弱程度的度量。地震烈度在地震区划、建筑物与生命线工程抗震设计、灾害防御等方面具有广泛的应用。震后评定的地震烈度图是地震应急救援、恢复重建等的主要依据之一,因此,震后快速确定地震烈度具有重要救灾与减灾意义。本文在论述地震应急及其对遥感应用需求的基础上,回顾了遥感技术及其在地震应急研究与应用中的发展历程,概述了中国地震应急遥感应用的基本思路、地震灾害和地震烈度遥感定量评估方法,展示了该方法在巴楚-伽师地震、汶川地震、玉树地震、芦山地震、鲁甸地震等震后实际应急应用效果。最后,指出了目前震害遥感定量评估中存在的问题,并展望了未来震害遥感定量评估研究与应用。     

三峡地区地震灾害损失预测研究

利用三峡及邻区发生的40多次历史地震资料，结合30多年来的20多次地震灾害现场考察资料，对三峡地区地震灾害损失进行了预测。结果显示：同震级的水库诱发地震的危害性比天然构造地震大，破坏性更强，但对三峡大坝不会构成危害。     

基于非对称传感器的地震预警与烈度速报综合用烈度仪

对典型的地震预警与烈度速报方法进行分析,提出了基于非对称传感器的地震预警与烈度速报综合用烈度仪,其由非对称结构的三分量传感器和基于ARM嵌入式系统的专用数据采集器组成。经过测试,该地震烈度仪的专用数据采集器具有大于107 dB的动态范围;其非对称三分量传感器结构中,所选的单分量B类传感器的加速度误差小于0.8%,动态范围大于105 dB,而所选的三分量C类传感器的加速度误差小于5%,动态范围大于61 dB。该地震烈度仪的各项指标均满足地震预警与烈度速报综合应用的各项技术要求,且功耗低、成本低,适合于高密度布设。     

Modeling patch characteristics of farmland loss for site assessment in urban fringe of Beijing, China

Farmland protection and delimitation in the urban fringe considers not only natural factors but also the spatial characters and site factors. Taking Daxing District, Beijing in China as a case study, this paper used landscape ecology and power-law methods to analyze and evaluate farmland loss during the period of 2004-2007 based on the interpretation results of SPOT5 remote sensing images in 2004 and 2007. At the patch level, we selected four landscape indices, namely patch size, shape index, the nearest neighbor distance between farmland and construction land (including residential land and other construction land), and cropping type, to evaluate the risk of farmland loss and establish a farmland site analysis indicator system. The results showed that patch size and shape index have a significant positive correlation with farmland loss, whereas the distance to construction land has a clear negative correlation with farmland loss. As regards cropping type, fallow farmland is much easier for non-agricultural use than cultivated farmland. The relative transition ratio among vegetable land, fallow farmland and cultivated farmland is 1︰5.6︰1. The patch size of lost farmland follows a power-law distribution, indicating that not only small parcels but also large parcels can be lost. Patch size less than 4 ha or more than 15 ha is in high loss risk, between 4 ha and 10 ha in medium loss risk, and larger than 10 ha and less than 15 ha in low risk. Farmland with a more regular shape has a higher likelihood of loss. Patch shape index less than 2.0 is in high loss risk, between 2.0 and 3.0 in medium loss risk, and larger than 3.0 in low risk. Construction land has a varying impact on farmland loss, the residential land effected distance is 1000 m, and that of the other construction land is 2000 m. This analysis showed the relationships between site factors and farmland loss, and the analysis framework can provide support and reference for farmland protection and delimitation of prime farmland in China.     

变形岩石的体积变化及研究意义

变形岩石中普遍存在有不同程度的体积损耗。本文介绍了这方面的研究历史、现状及新进展，总结了三类体积损耗的估算方法．第一类方法是直接对比未变形的和已变形的标志体的体积；第二类方法是基于有限应变类型变化的分析对比；第三类方法是依据变形前后物质成分的变化。     

门源6.4级地震前跨断层水准前兆性指标异常与震后变化

利用2016-01-21门源6.4级地震前祁连山断裂带跨断层短水准观测资料以及震后数天的加密复测结果,综合观测曲线、异常时空演化特征及特征强度指标,分析门源震前断层形变异常及震后变化。结果显示,2015年该断裂带中东段集中、增多且以突跳为主的断层形变短期群体性异常与这次门源强震有一定关联,具有中短期-短期前兆意义;震后复测结果以转折特性为主,同震变形不是很大。