煤矿虚拟环境的巷道3维建模研究

文中首先对煤矿井下巷道的类型进行了概述,把巷道分为巷道体和巷道节点,根据弧段节点拓扑数据结构思想,分别进行3维建模,设计了巷道体和巷道节点的数据结构以及算法,并且构建了巷道间的拓扑关系,利用C 、OpenGL编程语言和SQL Server 2000数据库,以及多线程技术、多媒体技术及人造视差的立体技术,开发了一套3维煤矿虚拟现实系统.该系统既具有巷道的3维显示功能,又具有查询功能,并为以后的空间分析奠定了良好的基础.     

地下巷道的三维建模及C++实现

仿照弧段节点的拓扑数据结构思想,把巷道分为巷道体和巷道间节点,分别对它们进行三维建模,并且构建了巷道间的拓扑关系。同时按照面向对象的编程思想,给出了C 实现,并给出了实验结果。实验证明,巷道的建模方法和系统的实现方法是可行的。     

地质及巷道集成3维模型的研究与应用

针对目前地质和巷道独立建模给矿井灾害救援带来的问题,建立了基于面模型的多层3维地质与巷道集成模型,并结合可视化技术为救援决策提供可视化的技术支持。研究了复杂地质体的3维模型和巷道3维模型的关键技术,并给出了基于多层3维地质建模及基于巷道断面构建3维巷道模型的实现方法;最后结合3维巷道网络的弧-节点模型与地层岩性、节点相互关联的拓扑关系,实现了二者的集成建模。在此基础上,采用启发式路径搜索的A~*算法,实现了应急救援路线的智能快速选择。这种集3维地质模型、巷道模型为一体的可视化系统对于矿井的事故救援或定位事故发生地点具有很强的实用性。     

地质及巷道集成3维模型的研究与应用

针对目前地质和巷道独立建模给矿井灾害救援带来的问题,建立了基于面模型的多层3维地质与巷道集成模型,并结合可视化技术为救援决策提供可视化的技术支持.研究了复杂地质体的3维模型和巷道3维模型的关键技术,并给出了基于多层3维地质建模及基于巷道断面构建3维巷道模型的实现方法;最后结合3维巷道网络的弧一节点模型与地层岩性、节点相互关联的拓扑关系,实现了二者的集成建模.在此基础上,采用启发式路径搜索的A'算法,实现了应急救援路线的智能快速选择.这种集3维地质模型、巷道模型为一体的可视化系统对于矿井的事故救援或定位事故发生地点具有很强的实用性.     

矿山地理信息系统中巷道模型的研究

在深入分析矿册测量信息的基础上,提出了组成矿井巷道的４种基本元素,然后用Ｃ＾＋＋语言描述了面向对象的矿井巷道数据模型,并分析了所包含的拓扑关系,矿井测量信息管理子系统的开发成功说明了本文所提出了数据模型和数据结构的合理性与可行性。     

地勘工程3维空间数据模型及其数据结构设计

3维现象随着研究领域的不同，描述空间实体的方法存在较大差异，不可能设计一种数据模型来适合所有的应用领域，应根据研究领域空间实体分布特征，设计出专用的3维空间数据模型。本文对传统的3维数据模型进行了分析，以地质勘探工程的各种3维空间对象为研究背景，提出了适合地质勘探工程的矢量与栅格集成的面向对象混合数据模型，以复杂体－体－面－线－点对象之间的逻辑关系来建立对象之间的拓扑关系，设计了部分对象的数据结构，并以一玢岩型铁矿床为例，对数据结构进行了描述。     

巷道三维建模与可视化研究

基于地理信息系统弧段-节点的拓扑关系结构思想,提出了巷道断面-中心线建模方法,研究了巷道数据提取与组织、巷道交叉处平滑处理等问题,利用面向对象程序设计和编程方法,结合Skyline实现三维巷道在计算机二维平面上的展示,验证了方法的可行性。     

3维地面模型的可视化研究

在对巳有的3维地面模型进行分析的基础上，论述了3维地面模型的各种数据结构，并着重以DEM矩形格网为例探讨了地面模型的构造方法，以及在此基础上的动态显示和交互操作等功能。最后给出了具体实例。     

排水管网系统精细拓扑模型描述与实现

针对当前排水管网拓扑模型简单、拓扑分析能力较弱的现状,提出了一种管网拓扑精细模型,改进了节点单一问题,将节点细分为多类并提出相应的拓扑规则,使之更符合管线客观模型,有利于进行空间分析。在管线和节点数据结构设计中,采用十字链表作为管网数据结构,便于管线与节点双向分析,同时建立R树索引,实现对空间数据管理。结合镇江管网地理信息系统开发实验,实现了基于改进拓扑模型的空间分析算法,结果发现本文提出的拓扑模型结构简单,易于实现,能够模拟管线排水细节,提供更多基于水务模型的空间分析类型,数据访问效率较高。     

基于MultiPatch的巷道三维表面建模及其算法分析

本文针对巷道截面类型较多、不过分强调实体结构、且巷道交叉接口处较难处理的特点,将巷道抽象为三维表面模型,提出了采用ArcGIS中的MultiPatch作为构建巷道表面模型数据结构的方法,对不同类型巷道接口的拼接算法进行了具体分析,并以山西潞安常村煤矿井下巷道为例,通过二次开发实现了矿井巷道的三维表面建模,建立了矿井巷道三维建模原型系统,取得了良好的效果。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。